GLBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Graph with Large Language Models
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Abstract (arXiv)
The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the way we interact with graphs, leading to a new paradigm called GraphLLM. Despite the rapid development of GraphLLM methods in recent years, the progress and understanding of this field remain unclear due to the lack of a benchmark with consistent experimental protocols. To bridge this gap, we introduce GLBench, the first comprehensive benchmark for evaluating GraphLLM methods in both supervised and zero-shot scenarios. GLBench provides a fair and thorough evaluation of different categories of GraphLLM methods, along with traditional baselines such as graph neural networks. Through extensive experiments on a collection of real-world datasets with consistent data processing and splitting strategies, we have uncovered several key findings. Firstly, GraphLLM methods outperform traditional baselines in supervised settings, with LLM-as-enhancers showing the most robust performance. However, using LLMs as predictors is less effective and often leads to uncontrollable output issues. We also notice that no clear scaling laws exist for current GraphLLM methods. In addition, both structures and semantics are crucial for effective zero-shot transfer, and our proposed simple baseline can even outperform several models tailored for zero-shot scenarios. The data and code of the benchmark can be found at https://github.com/NineAbyss/GLBench.
Key facts. Cited by 36 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 54 of its 70 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 10 Jul 2024.
Builds on
54 of 70 references.
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- 2021Node Feature Extraction by Self-Supervised Multi-scale Neighborhood Predictioncited by 138
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50 most cited of 54 All 54 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 22; 2026: 11.
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- 2026Semi-supervised Instruction Tuning for Large Language Models on Text-Attributed Graphs19 Jan 2026
- 2025Can TabPFN Compete with GNNs for Node Classification via Graph Tabularization?9 Dec 2025
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- 2025Learning Noise-Resilient and Transferable Graph-Text Alignment via Dynamic Quality Assessment22 Oct 2025
- 2025UniGTE: Unified Graph-Text Encoding for Zero-Shot Generalization across Graph Tasks and Domains19 Oct 2025
- 2025GraphShaper: Geometry-aware Alignment for Improving Transfer Learning in Text-Attributed Graphs14 Oct 2025
- 2025Struc-EMB: The Potential of Structure-Aware Encoding in Language Embeddings9 Oct 2025
- 2025A Graph Talks, But Who's Listening? Rethinking Evaluations for Graph-Language Models28 Aug 2025
- 2025CITE: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Heterogeneous Text-Attributed Graphs on Catalytic Materials21 Aug 2025
- 2025Graphs Meet AI Agents: Taxonomy, Progress, and Future Opportunities22 Jun 2025
- 2025Graph-MLLM: Harnessing Multimodal Large Language Models for Multimodal Graph Learning12 Jun 2025
- 2025Graph-KV: Breaking Sequence via Injecting Structural Biases into Large Language Models9 Jun 2025
- 2025Dynamic Bundling with Large Language Models for Zero-Shot Inference on Text-Attributed Graphs23 May 2025
- 2025Graph-based Approaches and Functionalities in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Comprehensive Survey8 Apr 2025
- 2025Rewarding Graph Reasoning Process makes LLMs more Generalized Reasoners2 Mar 2025
- 2025G-Refer: Graph Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model for Explainable Recommendation18 Feb 2025
- 2025GRAPHGPT-O: Synergistic Multimodal Comprehension and Generation on Graphs17 Feb 2025
- 2025Model Generalization on Text Attribute Graphs: Principles with Large Language Models17 Feb 2025
- 2025GraphThought: Graph Combinatorial Optimization with Thought Generation17 Feb 2025
- 2025IceBerg: Debiased Self-Training for Class-Imbalanced Node Classification10 Feb 2025
- 2025When Do LLMs Help With Node Classification? A Comprehensive Analysis2 Feb 2025
- 2024Bridging Large Language Models and Graph Structure Learning Models for Robust Representation Learning15 Oct 2024
- 2024GraphCLIP: Enhancing Transferability in Graph Foundation Models for Text-Attributed Graphs14 Oct 2024
- 2024Path-LLM: A Shortest-Path-based LLM Learning for Unified Graph Representation10 Aug 2024
- 2025Rewarding Graph Reasoning Process makes LLMs more Generalized Reasonerscited by 10
- 2025GraphThought: Graph Combinatorial Optimization with Thought Generationcited by 9
- 2025A Graph Talks, But Who's Listening? Rethinking Evaluations for Graph-Language Modelscited by 2
- 2026Semi-supervised Instruction Tuning for Large Language Models on Text-Attributed Graphscited by 0
- 2026LoReC: Rethinking Large Language Models for Graph Data Analysiscited by 0
- 2026LoReC: Rethinking Large Language Models for Graph Data Analysis20 Apr 2026
- 2026Semi-supervised Instruction Tuning for Large Language Models on Text-Attributed Graphs19 Jan 2026
- 2025A Graph Talks, But Who's Listening? Rethinking Evaluations for Graph-Language Models28 Aug 2025
- 2025Rewarding Graph Reasoning Process makes LLMs more Generalized Reasoners2 Mar 2025
- 2025GraphThought: Graph Combinatorial Optimization with Thought Generation17 Feb 2025
- 2025G-Refer: Graph Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model for Explainable Recommendationcited by 27
- 2025Graph-based Approaches and Functionalities in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 18
- 2026S-Path-RAG: Semantic-Aware Shortest-Path Retrieval Augmented Generation for Multi-Hop Knowledge Graph Question Answeringcited by 3
- 2026S-Path-RAG: Semantic-Aware Shortest-Path Retrieval Augmented Generation for Multi-Hop Knowledge Graph Question Answering5 Mar 2026
- 2025Graph-based Approaches and Functionalities in Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Comprehensive Survey8 Apr 2025
- 2025G-Refer: Graph Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Model for Explainable Recommendation18 Feb 2025
- 2024GraphCLIP: Enhancing Transferability in Graph Foundation Models for Text-Attributed Graphscited by 58
- 2025When Do LLMs Help With Node Classification? A Comprehensive Analysiscited by 21
- 2025Can TabPFN Compete with GNNs for Node Classification via Graph Tabularization?cited by 10
- 2026Learning Posterior Predictive Distributions for Node Classification from Synthetic Graph Priorscited by 10
- 2025Model Generalization on Text Attribute Graphs: Principles with Large Language Modelscited by 8
- 2025UniGTE: Unified Graph-Text Encoding for Zero-Shot Generalization across Graph Tasks and Domainscited by 7
- 2025IceBerg: Debiased Self-Training for Class-Imbalanced Node Classificationcited by 4
- 2026Are LLM-Enhanced Graph Neural Networks Robust against Poisoning Attacks?cited by 4
- 2024Bridging Large Language Models and Graph Structure Learning Models for Robust Representation Learningcited by 3
- 2025Dynamic Bundling with Large Language Models for Zero-Shot Inference on Text-Attributed Graphscited by 3
- 2025Learning Noise-Resilient and Transferable Graph-Text Alignment via Dynamic Quality Assessmentcited by 3
- 2026CAMERA: Adapting to Semantic Camouflage in Unsupervised Text-Attributed Graph Fraud Detectioncited by 3
12 most cited of 23 All 23 (JSON)
- 2026LLM Features Can Hurt GNNs: Concatenation Interference on Homophilous Graph Benchmarks16 Jun 2026
- 2026GraphInfer-Bench: Benchmarking LLM's Inference Capability on Graphs10 Jun 2026
- 2026CAMERA: Adapting to Semantic Camouflage in Unsupervised Text-Attributed Graph Fraud Detection19 May 2026
- 2026Learning Posterior Predictive Distributions for Node Classification from Synthetic Graph Priors21 Apr 2026
- 2026Are LLM-Enhanced Graph Neural Networks Robust against Poisoning Attacks?27 Mar 2026
- 2026Learning Hierarchical Knowledge in Text-Rich Networks with Taxonomy-Informed Representation Learning9 Mar 2026
- 2026Beyond One-Size-Fits-All: Adaptive Subgraph Denoising for Zero-Shot Graph Learning with Large Language Models3 Mar 2026
- 2026<SOG_k>: One LLM Token for Explicit Graph Structural Understanding2 Feb 2026
- 2025Can TabPFN Compete with GNNs for Node Classification via Graph Tabularization?9 Dec 2025
- 2025Dual Refinement Cycle Learning: Unsupervised Text Classification of Mamba and Community Detection on Text Attributed Graph8 Dec 2025
- 2025Odin: Oriented Dual-module Integration for Text-rich Network Representation Learning26 Nov 2025
- 2025Learning Noise-Resilient and Transferable Graph-Text Alignment via Dynamic Quality Assessment22 Oct 2025
12 newest of 23 All 23 (JSON)