mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Holistic Audit Dataset Generation for LLM Unlearning via Knowledge Graph Traversal and Redundancy Removal

arXiv 2502.18810 ↗First posted 26 Feb 2025cs.AI cs.CL cs.LGcited by 1

On the map: LLM safety and security → Machine unlearning

Abstract (arXiv)

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have faced increasing demands to selectively remove sensitive information, protect privacy, and comply with copyright regulations through unlearning, by Machine Unlearning. While evaluating unlearning effectiveness is crucial, existing benchmarks are limited in scale and comprehensiveness, typically containing only a few hundred test cases. We identify two critical challenges in generating holistic audit datasets: ensuring audit adequacy and handling knowledge redundancy between forget and retain dataset. To address these challenges, we propose HANKER, an automated framework for holistic audit dataset generation leveraging knowledge graphs to achieve fine-grained coverage and eliminate redundant knowledge. Applying HANKER to the popular MUSE benchmark, we successfully generated over 69,000 and 111,000 audit cases for the News and Books datasets respectively, identifying thousands of knowledge memorization instances that the previous benchmark failed to detect. Our empirical analysis uncovers how knowledge redundancy significantly skews unlearning effectiveness metrics, with redundant instances artificially inflating the observed memorization measurements ROUGE from 19.7% to 26.1% and Entailment Scores from 32.4% to 35.2%, highlighting the necessity of systematic deduplication for accurate assessment.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Machine unlearning, one of 12 directions in LLM safety and security. Builds on 19 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Feb 2025.

Builds on

19 of 31 references.

Closest ancestors · 13

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024Towards Robust Evaluation of Unlearning in LLMs via Data Transformations23 Nov
  2. 2024Learning to Refuse: Towards Mitigating Privacy Risks in LLMs14 Jul
  3. 2024Avoiding Copyright Infringement via Large Language Model Unlearning16 Jun
  4. 2024Reversing the Forget-Retain Objectives: An Efficient LLM Unlearning Framework from Logit Difference12 Jun
  5. 2024Large Language Model Unlearning via Embedding-Corrupted Prompts12 Jun
  6. 2024Towards Safer Large Language Models through Machine Unlearning15 Feb
  7. 2024Selective Forgetting: Advancing Machine Unlearning Techniques and Evaluation in Language Models8 Feb
  8. 2024Fast Exact Unlearning for In-Context Learning Data for LLMs1 Feb
  9. 2024TOFU: A Task of Fictitious Unlearning for LLMs11 Jan
  10. 2023Unlearn What You Want to Forget: Efficient Unlearning for LLMs31 Oct
  11. 2023In-Context Unlearning: Language Models as Few Shot Unlearners11 Oct
  12. 2023Who's Harry Potter? Approximate Unlearning in LLMs3 Oct
1 more
  1. 2022Knowledge Unlearning for Mitigating Privacy Risks in Language Models4 Oct

Other references · 6

  1. 2023Is Your Code Generated by ChatGPT Really Correct? Rigorous Evaluation of Large Language Models for Code Generationcited by 1,391
  2. 2019Machine Unlearningcited by 1,061
  3. 2020A Survey on Knowledge Graphs: Representation, Acquisition and Applicationscited by 643
  4. 2020Knowledge Graphscited by 621
  5. 2017End-to-end Neural Coreference Resolutioncited by 241
  6. 2024Can LLMs Master Math? Investigating Large Language Models on Math Stack Exchangecited by 22

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Cited by year

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Does Machine Unlearning Truly Remove Knowledge?
  2. 2026Beyond Shapley: An Influence-Based Data Auditing Pipeline for LLM Alignment and Evaluation
  3. 2026PreUnlearn: Auditing Collateral Knowledge Damage Before Large Language Model Unlearning
  4. 2024Split, Unlearn, Merge: Leveraging Data Attributes for More Effective Unlearning in LLMs
  5. 2025Concept Unlearning in Large Language Models via Self-Constructed Knowledge Triplets
  6. 2026The Unlearning Mirage: A Dynamic Framework for Evaluating LLM Unlearning
  7. 2025OpenUnlearning: Accelerating LLM Unlearning via Unified Benchmarking of Methods and Metrics
  8. 2026Unlearning in LLMs: Methods, Evaluation, and Open Challenges