V-IRL: Grounding Virtual Intelligence in Real Life
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
There is a sensory gulf between the Earth that humans inhabit and the digital realms in which modern AI agents are created. To develop AI agents that can sense, think, and act as flexibly as humans in real-world settings, it is imperative to bridge the realism gap between the digital and physical worlds. How can we embody agents in an environment as rich and diverse as the one we inhabit, without the constraints imposed by real hardware and control? Towards this end, we introduce V-IRL: a platform that enables agents to scalably interact with the real world in a virtual yet realistic environment. Our platform serves as a playground for developing agents that can accomplish various practical tasks and as a vast testbed for measuring progress in capabilities spanning perception, decision-making, and interaction with real-world data across the entire globe.
Key facts. Cited by 35 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 73 of its 92 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Feb 2024.
Builds on
73 of 92 references.
References · 73
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
- 2023GPT-4 Technical Reportcited by 18,132
- 2023Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Modelscited by 12,865
- 2022Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 12,302
- 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,355
- 2023Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 7,792
- 2023BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Modelscited by 6,069
- 2023Improved Baselines with Visual Instruction Tuningcited by 4,362
- 2022Flamingo: a Visual Language Model for Few-Shot Learningcited by 4,337
- 2022LAION-5B: An open large-scale dataset for training next generation image-text modelscited by 4,131
- 2023Toolformer: Language Models Can Teach Themselves to Use Toolscited by 4,072
- 2023Generative Agents: Interactive Simulacra of Human Behaviorcited by 3,500
38 more
- 2023Grounding DINO: Marrying DINO with Grounded Pre-Training for Open-Set Object Detectioncited by 3,274
- 2013Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 3,211
- 2023Sigmoid Loss for Language Image Pre-Trainingcited by 3,048
- 2023RT-2: Vision-Language-Action Models Transfer Web Knowledge to Robotic Controlcited by 2,993
- 2023InstructBLIP: Towards General-purpose Vision-Language Models with Instruction Tuningcited by 2,855
- 2023MiniGPT-4: Enhancing Vision-Language Understanding with Advanced Large Language Modelscited by 2,689
- 2022Do As I Can, Not As I Say: Grounding Language in Robotic Affordancescited by 2,302
- 2023MMBench: Is Your Multi-modal Model an All-around Player?cited by 2,105
- 2023Voyager: An Open-Ended Embodied Agent with Large Language Modelscited by 2,081
- 2023PaLM-E: An Embodied Multimodal Language Modelcited by 2,037
- 2023MetaGPT: Meta Programming for A Multi-Agent Collaborative Frameworkcited by 1,761
- 2021WebGPT: Browser-assisted question-answering with human feedbackcited by 1,722
- 2023The Rise and Potential of Large Language Model Based Agents: A Surveycited by 1,422
- 2017Matterport3D: Learning from RGB-D Data in Indoor Environmentscited by 1,354
- 2022Code as Policies: Language Model Programs for Embodied Controlcited by 1,172
- 2019Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI Researchcited by 1,163
- 2022Reproducible scaling laws for contrastive language-image learningcited by 1,163
- 2023PaLM 2 Technical Reportcited by 1,154
- 2021Grounded Language-Image Pre-trainingcited by 1,147
- 2019Dota 2 with Large Scale Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 1,084
- 2022Inner Monologue: Embodied Reasoning through Planning with Language Modelscited by 1,057
- 2023mPLUG-Owl: Modularization Empowers Large Language Models with Multimodalitycited by 1,038
- 2022Language Models as Zero-Shot Planners: Extracting Actionable Knowledge for Embodied Agentscited by 1,029
- 2017Vision-and-Language Navigation: Interpreting visually-grounded navigation instructions in real environmentscited by 1,013
- 2023Shikra: Unleashing Multimodal LLM's Referential Dialogue Magiccited by 891
- 2021Isaac Gym: High Performance GPU-Based Physics Simulation For Robot Learningcited by 882
- 2021Florence: A New Foundation Model for Computer Visioncited by 802
- 2023EVA-CLIP: Improved Training Techniques for CLIP at Scalecited by 786
- 2023VoxPoser: Composable 3D Value Maps for Robotic Manipulation with Language Modelscited by 733
- 2022Language-driven Semantic Segmentationcited by 711
- 2022Detecting Twenty-thousand Classes using Image-level Supervisioncited by 613
- 2020SAPIEN: A SimulAted Part-based Interactive ENvironmentcited by 584
- 2023LightGlue: Local Feature Matching at Light Speedcited by 583
- 2023OpenFlamingo: An Open-Source Framework for Training Large Autoregressive Vision-Language Modelscited by 560
- 2022GroupViT: Semantic Segmentation Emerges from Text Supervisioncited by 529
- 2018On Evaluation of Embodied Navigation Agentscited by 526
- 2018Gibson Env: Real-World Perception for Embodied Agentscited by 477
- 2021Scaling Open-Vocabulary Image Segmentation with Image-Level Labelscited by 471
50 most cited of 73 All 73 (JSON)
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 14; 2025: 8; 2026: 13.
35 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2025SFT Memorizes, RL Generalizes: A Comparative Study of Foundation Model Post-trainingcited by 655
- 2024Thinking in Space: How Multimodal Large Language Models See, Remember, and Recall Spacescited by 580
- 2024SpatialBot: Precise Spatial Understanding with Vision Language Modelscited by 146
- 2024The Emerged Security and Privacy of LLM Agent: A Survey with Case Studiescited by 127
- 2024Benchmarking Mobile Device Control Agents across Diverse Configurationscited by 54
- 2024EmbodiedCity: A Benchmark Platform for Embodied Agent in Real-world City Environmentcited by 42
- 2024CityNav: A Large-Scale Dataset for Real-World Aerial Navigationcited by 40
- 2024Mind the Interference: Retaining Pre-trained Knowledge in Parameter Efficient Continual Learning of Vision-Language Modelscited by 34
- 2024CityBench: Evaluating the Capabilities of Large Language Models for Urban Taskscited by 26
- 2024When AI Meets Finance (StockAgent): Large Language Model-based Stock Trading in Simulated Real-world Environmentscited by 25
- 2024UnrealZoo: Enriching Photo-realistic Virtual Worlds for Embodied AIcited by 25
- 2024UrbanWorld: An Urban World Model for 3D City Generationcited by 23
23 more
- 2025Virtual Community: An Open World for Humans, Robots, and Societycited by 13
- 2024Can 3D Vision-Language Models Truly Understand Natural Language?cited by 12
- 2024ActiView: Evaluating Active Perception Ability for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 11
- 2025UrbanFeel: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Temporal and Perceptual Understanding of City Scenes through Human Perspectivecited by 7
- 2025Out of Sight, Not Out of Context? Egocentric Spatial Reasoning in VLMs Across Disjoint Framescited by 6
- 2024TravelAgent: Generative Agents in the Built Environmentcited by 5
- 2025H2VU-Benchmark: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Hierarchical Holistic Video Understandingcited by 2
- 2026Cambrian-P: Pose-Grounded Video Understandingcited by 2
- 2025VC-Agent: An Interactive Agent for Customized Video Dataset Collectioncited by 1
- 2026Beyond Language: Grounding Referring Expressions with Hand Pointing in Egocentric Visioncited by 1
- 2026Less Detail, Better Answers: Degradation-Driven Prompting for VQAcited by 1
- 2026Visually-grounded Humanoid Agentscited by 1
- 2026From Where Things Are to What They Are For: Benchmarking Spatial-Functional Intelligence in Multimodal LLMscited by 1
- 2026Do VLMs See What Sensors Feel? A Scalable Expert-Guided Design for Wheelchair Accessibility Assessment from Street Viewcited by 1
- 2026360CityArena: A Realistic Virtual Urban Navigation Benchmark for Embodied Agentscited by 1
- 2026UrbanGround: From Local Perception to Spatial Agency in a Real-Scale Citycited by 1
- 2026DeliveryGym: An RL Environment for Long-Horizon Embodied Agent Planning with Adaptive Curriculumcited by 1
- 2025TraveLLaMA: A Multimodal Travel Assistant with Large-Scale Dataset and Structured Reasoningcited by 0
- 2025CartoMapQA: A Fundamental Benchmark Dataset Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Cartographic Map Understandingcited by 0
- 2026From Pixels to Digital Agents: An Empirical Study on the Taxonomy and Technological Trends of Reinforcement Learning Environmentscited by 0
- 2026Hybrid Advantage Estimation with Unified Critic for VLM Agentic Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026MAP: A Benchmark on Multimodal Accessibility Planning for Real World Placescited by 0
- 2026A Vision-Language Framework for Measuring Social Life on Sidewalkscited by 0
- 2026DeliveryGym: An RL Environment for Long-Horizon Embodied Agent Planning with Adaptive Curriculum17 Sep 2026
- 2026MAP: A Benchmark on Multimodal Accessibility Planning for Real World Places28 Aug 2026
- 2026UrbanGround: From Local Perception to Spatial Agency in a Real-Scale City27 Aug 2026
- 2026360CityArena: A Realistic Virtual Urban Navigation Benchmark for Embodied Agents9 Aug 2026
- 2026A Vision-Language Framework for Measuring Social Life on Sidewalks31 Jul 2026
- 2026Hybrid Advantage Estimation with Unified Critic for VLM Agentic Reinforcement Learning26 Jul 2026
- 2026Do VLMs See What Sensors Feel? A Scalable Expert-Guided Design for Wheelchair Accessibility Assessment from Street View1 Jun 2026
- 2026Cambrian-P: Pose-Grounded Video Understanding21 May 2026
- 2026From Where Things Are to What They Are For: Benchmarking Spatial-Functional Intelligence in Multimodal LLMs4 May 2026
- 2026Visually-grounded Humanoid Agents9 Apr 2026
- 2026Less Detail, Better Answers: Degradation-Driven Prompting for VQA6 Apr 2026
- 2026Beyond Language: Grounding Referring Expressions with Hand Pointing in Egocentric Vision27 Mar 2026
23 more
- 2026From Pixels to Digital Agents: An Empirical Study on the Taxonomy and Technological Trends of Reinforcement Learning Environments25 Mar 2026
- 2025CartoMapQA: A Fundamental Benchmark Dataset Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Cartographic Map Understanding3 Dec 2025
- 2025UrbanFeel: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Temporal and Perceptual Understanding of City Scenes through Human Perspective26 Sep 2025
- 2025VC-Agent: An Interactive Agent for Customized Video Dataset Collection25 Sep 2025
- 2025Virtual Community: An Open World for Humans, Robots, and Society20 Aug 2025
- 2025Out of Sight, Not Out of Context? Egocentric Spatial Reasoning in VLMs Across Disjoint Frames30 May 2025
- 2025TraveLLaMA: A Multimodal Travel Assistant with Large-Scale Dataset and Structured Reasoning23 Apr 2025
- 2025H2VU-Benchmark: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Hierarchical Holistic Video Understanding31 Mar 2025
- 2025SFT Memorizes, RL Generalizes: A Comparative Study of Foundation Model Post-training28 Jan 2025
- 2024UnrealZoo: Enriching Photo-realistic Virtual Worlds for Embodied AI30 Dec 2024
- 2024TravelAgent: Generative Agents in the Built Environment25 Dec 2024
- 2024Thinking in Space: How Multimodal Large Language Models See, Remember, and Recall Spaces18 Dec 2024
- 2024EmbodiedCity: A Benchmark Platform for Embodied Agent in Real-world City Environment12 Oct 2024
- 2024ActiView: Evaluating Active Perception Ability for Multimodal Large Language Models7 Oct 2024
- 2024The Emerged Security and Privacy of LLM Agent: A Survey with Case Studies28 Jul 2024
- 2024UrbanWorld: An Urban World Model for 3D City Generation16 Jul 2024
- 2024When AI Meets Finance (StockAgent): Large Language Model-based Stock Trading in Simulated Real-world Environments15 Jul 2024
- 2024Mind the Interference: Retaining Pre-trained Knowledge in Parameter Efficient Continual Learning of Vision-Language Models7 Jul 2024
- 2024CityNav: A Large-Scale Dataset for Real-World Aerial Navigation20 Jun 2024
- 2024CityBench: Evaluating the Capabilities of Large Language Models for Urban Tasks20 Jun 2024
- 2024SpatialBot: Precise Spatial Understanding with Vision Language Models19 Jun 2024
- 2024Benchmarking Mobile Device Control Agents across Diverse Configurations25 Apr 2024
- 2024Can 3D Vision-Language Models Truly Understand Natural Language?21 Mar 2024
- 2024SpatialBot: Precise Spatial Understanding with Vision Language Modelscited by 146
- 2024Mind the Interference: Retaining Pre-trained Knowledge in Parameter Efficient Continual Learning of Vision-Language Modelscited by 34
- 2024Can 3D Vision-Language Models Truly Understand Natural Language?cited by 12
- 2024ActiView: Evaluating Active Perception Ability for Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 11
- 2026Less Detail, Better Answers: Degradation-Driven Prompting for VQAcited by 1
- 2026From Where Things Are to What They Are For: Benchmarking Spatial-Functional Intelligence in Multimodal LLMscited by 1
- 2026UrbanGround: From Local Perception to Spatial Agency in a Real-Scale Citycited by 1
- 2025CartoMapQA: A Fundamental Benchmark Dataset Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Cartographic Map Understandingcited by 0
- 2026Hybrid Advantage Estimation with Unified Critic for VLM Agentic Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026UrbanGround: From Local Perception to Spatial Agency in a Real-Scale City27 Aug 2026
- 2026Hybrid Advantage Estimation with Unified Critic for VLM Agentic Reinforcement Learning26 Jul 2026
- 2026From Where Things Are to What They Are For: Benchmarking Spatial-Functional Intelligence in Multimodal LLMs4 May 2026
- 2026Less Detail, Better Answers: Degradation-Driven Prompting for VQA6 Apr 2026
- 2025CartoMapQA: A Fundamental Benchmark Dataset Evaluating Vision-Language Models on Cartographic Map Understanding3 Dec 2025
- 2024ActiView: Evaluating Active Perception Ability for Multimodal Large Language Models7 Oct 2024
- 2024Mind the Interference: Retaining Pre-trained Knowledge in Parameter Efficient Continual Learning of Vision-Language Models7 Jul 2024
- 2024SpatialBot: Precise Spatial Understanding with Vision Language Models19 Jun 2024
- 2024Can 3D Vision-Language Models Truly Understand Natural Language?21 Mar 2024
- 2024The Emerged Security and Privacy of LLM Agent: A Survey with Case Studiescited by 127
- 2024Benchmarking Mobile Device Control Agents across Diverse Configurationscited by 54
- 2024EmbodiedCity: A Benchmark Platform for Embodied Agent in Real-world City Environmentcited by 42
- 2024TravelAgent: Generative Agents in the Built Environmentcited by 5
- 2025VC-Agent: An Interactive Agent for Customized Video Dataset Collectioncited by 1
- 2026DeliveryGym: An RL Environment for Long-Horizon Embodied Agent Planning with Adaptive Curriculumcited by 1
- 2026From Pixels to Digital Agents: An Empirical Study on the Taxonomy and Technological Trends of Reinforcement Learning Environmentscited by 0
- 2026DeliveryGym: An RL Environment for Long-Horizon Embodied Agent Planning with Adaptive Curriculum17 Sep 2026
- 2026From Pixels to Digital Agents: An Empirical Study on the Taxonomy and Technological Trends of Reinforcement Learning Environments25 Mar 2026
- 2025VC-Agent: An Interactive Agent for Customized Video Dataset Collection25 Sep 2025
- 2024TravelAgent: Generative Agents in the Built Environment25 Dec 2024
- 2024EmbodiedCity: A Benchmark Platform for Embodied Agent in Real-world City Environment12 Oct 2024
- 2024The Emerged Security and Privacy of LLM Agent: A Survey with Case Studies28 Jul 2024
- 2024Benchmarking Mobile Device Control Agents across Diverse Configurations25 Apr 2024
- 2024Thinking in Space: How Multimodal Large Language Models See, Remember, and Recall Spacescited by 580
- 2025Out of Sight, Not Out of Context? Egocentric Spatial Reasoning in VLMs Across Disjoint Framescited by 6
- 2025TraveLLaMA: A Multimodal Travel Assistant with Large-Scale Dataset and Structured Reasoningcited by 0
- 2025Out of Sight, Not Out of Context? Egocentric Spatial Reasoning in VLMs Across Disjoint Frames30 May 2025
- 2025TraveLLaMA: A Multimodal Travel Assistant with Large-Scale Dataset and Structured Reasoning23 Apr 2025
- 2024Thinking in Space: How Multimodal Large Language Models See, Remember, and Recall Spaces18 Dec 2024
- 2025SFT Memorizes, RL Generalizes: A Comparative Study of Foundation Model Post-trainingcited by 655
- 2024CityNav: A Large-Scale Dataset for Real-World Aerial Navigationcited by 40
- 2024When AI Meets Finance (StockAgent): Large Language Model-based Stock Trading in Simulated Real-world Environmentscited by 25
- 2024UnrealZoo: Enriching Photo-realistic Virtual Worlds for Embodied AIcited by 25
- 2025Virtual Community: An Open World for Humans, Robots, and Societycited by 13
- 2025UrbanFeel: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Temporal and Perceptual Understanding of City Scenes through Human Perspectivecited by 7
- 2025H2VU-Benchmark: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Hierarchical Holistic Video Understandingcited by 2
- 2026Cambrian-P: Pose-Grounded Video Understandingcited by 2
- 2026Beyond Language: Grounding Referring Expressions with Hand Pointing in Egocentric Visioncited by 1
- 2026Visually-grounded Humanoid Agentscited by 1
- 2026Do VLMs See What Sensors Feel? A Scalable Expert-Guided Design for Wheelchair Accessibility Assessment from Street Viewcited by 1
- 2026360CityArena: A Realistic Virtual Urban Navigation Benchmark for Embodied Agentscited by 1
12 most cited of 14 All 14 (JSON)
- 2026MAP: A Benchmark on Multimodal Accessibility Planning for Real World Places28 Aug 2026
- 2026360CityArena: A Realistic Virtual Urban Navigation Benchmark for Embodied Agents9 Aug 2026
- 2026A Vision-Language Framework for Measuring Social Life on Sidewalks31 Jul 2026
- 2026Do VLMs See What Sensors Feel? A Scalable Expert-Guided Design for Wheelchair Accessibility Assessment from Street View1 Jun 2026
- 2026Cambrian-P: Pose-Grounded Video Understanding21 May 2026
- 2026Visually-grounded Humanoid Agents9 Apr 2026
- 2026Beyond Language: Grounding Referring Expressions with Hand Pointing in Egocentric Vision27 Mar 2026
- 2025UrbanFeel: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Temporal and Perceptual Understanding of City Scenes through Human Perspective26 Sep 2025
- 2025Virtual Community: An Open World for Humans, Robots, and Society20 Aug 2025
- 2025H2VU-Benchmark: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Hierarchical Holistic Video Understanding31 Mar 2025
- 2025SFT Memorizes, RL Generalizes: A Comparative Study of Foundation Model Post-training28 Jan 2025
- 2024UnrealZoo: Enriching Photo-realistic Virtual Worlds for Embodied AI30 Dec 2024
12 newest of 14 All 14 (JSON)