Out of the Box: Embodied Navigation in the Real World
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
The research field of Embodied AI has witnessed substantial progress in visual navigation and exploration thanks to powerful simulating platforms and the availability of 3D data of indoor and photorealistic environments. These two factors have opened the doors to a new generation of intelligent agents capable of achieving nearly perfect PointGoal Navigation. However, such architectures are commonly trained with millions, if not billions, of frames and tested in simulation. Together with great enthusiasm, these results yield a question: how many researchers will effectively benefit from these advances? In this work, we detail how to transfer the knowledge acquired in simulation into the real world. To that end, we describe the architectural discrepancies that damage the Sim2Real adaptation ability of models trained on the Habitat simulator and propose a novel solution tailored towards the deployment in real-world scenarios. We then deploy our models on a LoCoBot, a Low-Cost Robot equipped with a single Intel RealSense camera. Different from previous work, our testing scene is unavailable to the agent in simulation. The environment is also inaccessible to the agent beforehand, so it cannot count on scene-specific semantic priors. In this way, we reproduce a setting in which a research group (potentially from other fields) needs to employ the agent visual navigation capabilities as-a-Service. Our experiments indicate that it is possible to achieve satisfying results when deploying the obtained model in the real world. Our code and models are available at https://github.com/aimagelab/LoCoNav.
Key facts. Cited by 8 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 14 of its 19 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 May 2021.
Builds on
14 of 19 references.
References · 14
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
- 2019Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI Researchcited by 1,191
- 2018Gibson Env: Real-World Perception for Embodied Agentscited by 481
- 2020Object Goal Navigation using Goal-Oriented Semantic Explorationcited by 429
- 2019DD-PPO: Learning Near-Perfect PointGoal Navigators from 2.5 Billion Framescited by 362
- 2020Learning to Explore using Active Neural SLAMcited by 316
- 2020RoboTHOR: An Open Simulation-to-Real Embodied AI Platformcited by 193
- 2019Learning Exploration Policies for Navigationcited by 116
- 2020Occupancy Anticipation for Efficient Exploration and Navigationcited by 106
- 2020An Exploration of Embodied Visual Explorationcited by 58
- 2019PyRobot: An Open-source Robotics Framework for Research and Benchmarkingcited by 39
- 2019Multimodal Attention Networks for Low-Level Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 17
2 more
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 1; 2022: 4; 2023: 1; 2024: 0; 2025: 1; 2026: 1.
8 papers.
- 2022Phone2Proc: Bringing Robust Robots Into Our Chaotic Worldcited by 26
- 2025OST-Bench: Evaluating the Capabilities of MLLMs in Online Spatio-temporal Scene Understandingcited by 24
- 2022EgoEnv: Human-centric environment representations from egocentric videocited by 22
- 2021Focus on Impact: Indoor Exploration with Intrinsic Motivationcited by 9
- 2023Embodied Agents for Efficient Exploration and Smart Scene Descriptioncited by 6
- 2022Spot the Difference: A Novel Task for Embodied Agents in Changing Environmentscited by 5
- 2026Human Simulation Computation: A Human-Inspired Framework for Adaptive AI Systemscited by 3
- 2022Embodied Navigation at the Art Gallerycited by 2
- 2026Human Simulation Computation: A Human-Inspired Framework for Adaptive AI Systems20 Jan 2026
- 2025OST-Bench: Evaluating the Capabilities of MLLMs in Online Spatio-temporal Scene Understanding10 Jul 2025
- 2023Embodied Agents for Efficient Exploration and Smart Scene Description17 Jan 2023
- 2022Phone2Proc: Bringing Robust Robots Into Our Chaotic World8 Dec 2022
- 2022EgoEnv: Human-centric environment representations from egocentric video22 Jul 2022
- 2022Embodied Navigation at the Art Gallery19 Apr 2022
- 2022Spot the Difference: A Novel Task for Embodied Agents in Changing Environments18 Apr 2022
- 2021Focus on Impact: Indoor Exploration with Intrinsic Motivation14 Sep 2021