Adversarial Sticker: A Stealthy Attack Method in the Physical World
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Abstract (arXiv)
To assess the vulnerability of deep learning in the physical world, recent works introduce adversarial patches and apply them on different tasks. In this paper, we propose another kind of adversarial patch: the Meaningful Adversarial Sticker, a physically feasible and stealthy attack method by using real stickers existing in our life. Unlike the previous adversarial patches by designing perturbations, our method manipulates the sticker's pasting position and rotation angle on the objects to perform physical attacks. Because the position and rotation angle are less affected by the printing loss and color distortion, adversarial stickers can keep good attacking performance in the physical world. Besides, to make adversarial stickers more practical in real scenes, we conduct attacks in the black-box setting with the limited information rather than the white-box setting with all the details of threat models. To effectively solve for the sticker's parameters, we design the Region based Heuristic Differential Evolution Algorithm, which utilizes the new-found regional aggregation of effective solutions and the adaptive adjustment strategy of the evaluation criteria. Our method is comprehensively verified in the face recognition and then extended to the image retrieval and traffic sign recognition. Extensive experiments show the proposed method is effective and efficient in complex physical conditions and has a good generalization for different tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 92 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 14 Apr 2021.
Builds on
44 of 54 references.
References · 44
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- 2017Towards Deep Learning Models Resistant to Adversarial Attackscited by 6,326
- 2013Intriguing properties of neural networkscited by 5,114
- 2015You Only Look Once: Unified, Real-Time Object Detectioncited by 4,829
- 2016Towards Evaluating the Robustness of Neural Networkscited by 2,976
- 2015FaceNet: A Unified Embedding for Face Recognition and Clusteringcited by 2,833
- 2016Adversarial examples in the physical worldcited by 1,762
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- 2018CosFace: Large Margin Cosine Loss for Deep Face Recognitioncited by 968
- 2017SphereFace: Deep Hypersphere Embedding for Face Recognitioncited by 733
- 2019Square Attack: a query-efficient black-box adversarial attack via random searchcited by 682
32 more
- 2020Image Segmentation Using Deep Learning: A Surveycited by 659
- 2017ZOO: Zeroth Order Optimization based Black-box Attacks to Deep Neural Networks without Training Substitute Modelscited by 656
- 2017One pixel attack for fooling deep neural networkscited by 579
- 2019Deep Learning for 3D Point Clouds: A Surveycited by 557
- 2016Delving into Transferable Adversarial Examples and Black-box Attackscited by 530
- 2017Adversarial Patchcited by 514
- 2017Decision-Based Adversarial Attacks: Reliable Attacks Against Black-Box Machine Learning Modelscited by 459
- 2019Fooling automated surveillance cameras: adversarial patches to attack person detectioncited by 268
- 2019Simple Black-box Adversarial Attackscited by 249
- 2016UnitBox: An Advanced Object Detection Networkcited by 205
- 2019Efficient Decision-based Black-box Adversarial Attacks on Face Recognitioncited by 173
- 2018Physical Adversarial Examples for Object Detectorscited by 163
- 2019AdvHat: Real-world adversarial attack on ArcFace Face ID systemcited by 161
- 2019Making an Invisibility Cloak: Real World Adversarial Attacks on Object Detectorscited by 155
- 2018DPatch: An Adversarial Patch Attack on Object Detectorscited by 146
- 2018Query-Efficient Hard-label Black-box Attack:An Optimization-based Approachcited by 130
- 2020Adversarial Camouflage: Hiding Physical-World Attacks with Natural Stylescited by 126
- 2018LaVAN: Localized and Visible Adversarial Noisecited by 112
- 2017A General Framework for Adversarial Examples with Objectivescited by 82
- 2020The Translucent Patch: A Physical and Universal Attack on Object Detectorscited by 62
- 2018DARTS: Deceiving Autonomous Cars with Toxic Signscited by 53
- 2020Universal Adversarial Attack on Attention and the Resulting Dataset DAmageNetcited by 45
- 2018Understanding and Enhancing the Transferability of Adversarial Examplescited by 41
- 2020Adversarial Light Projection Attacks on Face Recognition Systems: A Feasibility Studycited by 40
- 2019On adversarial patches: real-world attack on ArcFace-100 face recognition systemcited by 35
- 2018Invisible Mask: Practical Attacks on Face Recognition with Infraredcited by 33
- 2020Object Hider: Adversarial Patch Attack Against Object Detectorscited by 23
- 2021QAIR: Practical Query-efficient Black-Box Attacks for Image Retrievalcited by 22
- 2020A Survey On Anti-Spoofing Methods For Face Recognition with RGB Cameras of Generic Consumer Devicescited by 18
- 2019Real-world adversarial attack on MTCNN face detection systemcited by 14
- 2020A Hamiltonian Monte Carlo Method for Probabilistic Adversarial Attack and Learningcited by 13
- 2017Note on Attacking Object Detectors with Adversarial Stickerscited by 5
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 8; 2023: 35; 2024: 19; 2025: 20; 2026: 10.
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- 2026ColorFD: A Finite-Difference Guided Black-Box Physical Adversarial Attack for Remote Sensing Object Detection5 Aug 2026
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- 2025Thermally Activated Dual-Modal Adversarial Clothing against AI Surveillance Systems13 Nov 2025
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- 2024Mitigating Low-Frequency Bias: Feature Recalibration and Frequency Attention Regularization for Adversarial Robustness4 Jul 2024
- 2024Sequential Manipulation Against Rank Aggregation: Theory and Algorithm2 Jul 2024
- 2024Data-Driven Lipschitz Continuity: A Cost-Effective Approach to Improve Adversarial Robustness28 Jun 2024
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- 2026Adv-TGD: Adversarial Text-Guided Diffusion for Face Recognition Impersonation Attackscited by 1
- 2025SAP-DIFF: Semantic Adversarial Patch Generation for Black-Box Face Recognition Models via Diffusion Modelscited by 0
- 2025AngleRoCL: Angle-Robust Concept Learning for Physically View-Invariant T2I Adversarial Patchescited by 0
- 2026Adv-TGD: Adversarial Text-Guided Diffusion for Face Recognition Impersonation Attacks10 Jun 2026
- 2025AngleRoCL: Angle-Robust Concept Learning for Physically View-Invariant T2I Adversarial Patches11 Jun 2025
- 2025SAP-DIFF: Semantic Adversarial Patch Generation for Black-Box Face Recognition Models via Diffusion Models27 Feb 2025
- 2024DiffPAD: Denoising Diffusion-based Adversarial Patch Decontamination31 Oct 2024
- 2024Real-world Adversarial Defense against Patch Attacks based on Diffusion Model14 Sep 2024
- 2023DIFFender: Diffusion-Based Adversarial Defense against Patch Attacks15 Jun 2023
- 2022Physical Adversarial Attack meets Computer Vision: A Decade Surveycited by 66
- 2022Simultaneously Optimizing Perturbations and Positions for Black-box Adversarial Patch Attackscited by 41
- 2023Physically Adversarial Infrared Patches with Learnable Shapes and Locationscited by 38
- 2023Towards Effective Adversarial Textured 3D Meshes on Physical Face Recognitioncited by 33
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- 2022Benchmarking Adversarial Patch Against Aerial Detectioncited by 21
- 2023Unified Adversarial Patch for Visible-Infrared Cross-modal Attacks in the Physical Worldcited by 21
- 2023Efficient Robustness Assessment via Adversarial Spatial-Temporal Focus on Videoscited by 20
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- 2026Physical Adversarial Examples for Person Detectors in Thermal Images Based on 3D Modeling31 Aug 2026
- 2026ColorFD: A Finite-Difference Guided Black-Box Physical Adversarial Attack for Remote Sensing Object Detection5 Aug 2026
- 2026Face De-Identification: A Domain-Centric Survey from Capture to Processing28 Jul 2026
- 2026Physical Adversarial Clothing Evades Visible-Thermal Detectors via Non-Overlapping RGB-T Pattern6 May 2026
- 2026Towards a Systematic Risk Assessment of Deep Neural Network Limitations in Autonomous Driving Perception21 Apr 2026
- 2026Physically-Induced Atmospheric Adversarial Perturbations: Enhancing Transferability and Robustness in Remote Sensing Image Classification16 Apr 2026
- 2026Efficient Adversarial Training via Criticality-Aware Fine-Tuning14 Apr 2026
- 2026Adversarial Camouflage23 Mar 2026
- 2025Robust Physical Adversarial Patches Using Dynamically Optimized Clusters23 Nov 2025
- 2025Thermally Activated Dual-Modal Adversarial Clothing against AI Surveillance Systems13 Nov 2025
- 2025Real-World Transferable Adversarial Attack on Face-Recognition Systems27 Sep 2025
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