mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Learning to Detect and Track Visible and Occluded Body Joints in a Virtual World

arXiv 1803.08319 ↗First posted 22 Mar 2018cs.CVcited by 82

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Abstract (arXiv)

Multi-People Tracking in an open-world setting requires a special effort in precise detection. Moreover, temporal continuity in the detection phase gains more importance when scene cluttering introduces the challenging problems of occluded targets. For the purpose, we propose a deep network architecture that jointly extracts people body parts and associates them across short temporal spans. Our model explicitly deals with occluded body parts, by hallucinating plausible solutions of not visible joints. We propose a new end-to-end architecture composed by four branches (visible heatmaps, occluded heatmaps, part affinity fields and temporal affinity fields) fed by a time linker feature extractor. To overcome the lack of surveillance data with tracking, body part and occlusion annotations we created the vastest Computer Graphics dataset for people tracking in urban scenarios by exploiting a photorealistic videogame. It is up to now the vastest dataset (about 500.000 frames, almost 10 million body poses) of human body parts for people tracking in urban scenarios. Our architecture trained on virtual data exhibits good generalization capabilities also on public real tracking benchmarks, when image resolution and sharpness are high enough, producing reliable tracklets useful for further batch data association or re-id modules.

Key facts. Cited by 82 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 Mar 2018.

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 17; 2022: 19; 2023: 16; 2024: 14; 2025: 8; 2026: 8.

82 papers.

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  1. 2021TrackFormer: Multi-Object Tracking with Transformerscited by 518
  2. 2023BEDLAM: A Synthetic Dataset of Bodies Exhibiting Detailed Lifelike Animated Motioncited by 236
  3. 2021Learning to Track with Object Permanencecited by 119
  4. 2023Inter-X: Towards Versatile Human-Human Interaction Analysiscited by 98
  5. 2022ActFormer: A GAN-based Transformer towards General Action-Conditioned 3D Human Motion Generationcited by 77
  6. 2021MOTSynth: How Can Synthetic Data Help Pedestrian Detection and Tracking?cited by 69
  7. 2021Playing for 3D Human Recoverycited by 64
  8. 2024Neural Localizer Fields for Continuous 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimationcited by 59
  9. 2021Recent Advances in Monocular 2D and 3D Human Pose Estimation: A Deep Learning Perspectivecited by 50
  10. 2022Learning 3D Human Pose Estimation from Dozens of Datasets using a Geometry-Aware Autoencoder to Bridge Between Skeleton Formatscited by 50
  11. 2021Reconstructing 3D Human Pose by Watching Humans in the Mirrorcited by 47
  12. 2021SAIL-VOS 3D: A Synthetic Dataset and Baselines for Object Detection and 3D Mesh Reconstruction from Video Datacited by 38
38 more
  1. 2023Social-Transmotion: Promptable Human Trajectory Predictioncited by 33
  2. 2021Review of Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction Methods: Comparing Deep Learning and Knowledge-based Approachescited by 30
  3. 2022Synthetic Data in Human Analysis: A Surveycited by 28
  4. 2024EgoGen: An Egocentric Synthetic Data Generatorcited by 27
  5. 2022JRDB-Pose: A Large-scale Dataset for Multi-Person Pose Estimation and Trackingcited by 25
  6. 2025A Survey on Human Interaction Motion Generationcited by 25
  7. 2021A Survey on Human-aware Robot Navigationcited by 24
  8. 2022BodySLAM: Joint Camera Localisation, Mapping, and Human Motion Trackingcited by 24
  9. 2021PandaNet : Anchor-Based Single-Shot Multi-Person 3D Pose Estimationcited by 22
  10. 2022Unsupervised Visual Representation Learning by Synchronous Momentum Groupingcited by 22
  11. 2024Multi-Transmotion: Pre-trained Model for Human Motion Predictioncited by 21
  12. 2023Vision-Based Human Pose Estimation via Deep Learning: A Surveycited by 20
  13. 2023Reconstructing Groups of People with Hypergraph Relational Reasoningcited by 18
  14. 2021Monocular 3D Multi-Person Pose Estimation by Integrating Top-Down and Bottom-Up Networkscited by 16
  15. 2022PSP-HDRI+: A Synthetic Dataset Generator for Pre-Training of Human-Centric Computer Vision Modelscited by 15
  16. 2022Large Scale Real-World Multi-Person Trackingcited by 14
  17. 2022Dual networks based 3D Multi-Person Pose Estimation from Monocular Videocited by 13
  18. 2021VersatileGait: A Large-Scale Synthetic Gait Dataset with Fine-GrainedAttributes and Complicated Scenarioscited by 12
  19. 2022Synthehicle: Multi-Vehicle Multi-Camera Tracking in Virtual Citiescited by 12
  20. 2021PeopleSansPeople: A Synthetic Data Generator for Human-Centric Computer Visioncited by 11
  21. 2022Pedestrian 3D Bounding Box Predictioncited by 11
  22. 2022Progressive Transformation Learning for Leveraging Virtual Images in Trainingcited by 10
  23. 2025Physical Plausibility-aware Trajectory Prediction via Locomotion Embodimentcited by 10
  24. 2021UltraPose: Synthesizing Dense Pose with 1 Billion Points by Human-body Decoupling 3D Modelcited by 9
  25. 2023PointHPS: Cascaded 3D Human Pose and Shape Estimation from Point Cloudscited by 9
  26. 2024SPAMming Labels: Efficient Annotations for the Trackers of Tomorrowcited by 7
  27. 2022Snipper: A Spatiotemporal Transformer for Simultaneous Multi-Person 3D Pose Estimation Tracking and Forecasting on a Video Snippetcited by 6
  28. 2023AttMOT: Improving Multiple-Object Tracking by Introducing Auxiliary Pedestrian Attributescited by 6
  29. 2023Human Body Pose Estimation for Gait Identification: A Comprehensive Survey of Datasets and Modelscited by 5
  30. 2023M3Act: Learning from Synthetic Human Group Activitiescited by 5
  31. 2024WheelPose: Data Synthesis Techniques to Improve Pose Estimation Performance on Wheelchair Userscited by 5
  32. 2025Social-Pose: Enhancing Trajectory Prediction with Human Body Posecited by 5
  33. 2022A Benchmark of Video-Based Clothes-Changing Person Re-Identificationcited by 4
  34. 2023Alice Benchmarks: Connecting Real World Re-Identification with the Syntheticcited by 4
  35. 2024Deep video representation learning: a surveycited by 4
  36. 2024Human Modelling and Pose Estimation Overviewcited by 4
  37. 2026Syn4D: A Multiview Synthetic 4D Datasetcited by 4
  38. 2022Permutation-Invariant Relational Network for Multi-person 3D Pose Estimationcited by 3

50 most cited of 82 All 82 (JSON)