SVTR: Scene Text Recognition with a Single Visual Model
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Abstract (arXiv)
Dominant scene text recognition models commonly contain two building blocks, a visual model for feature extraction and a sequence model for text transcription. This hybrid architecture, although accurate, is complex and less efficient. In this study, we propose a Single Visual model for Scene Text recognition within the patch-wise image tokenization framework, which dispenses with the sequential modeling entirely. The method, termed SVTR, firstly decomposes an image text into small patches named character components. Afterward, hierarchical stages are recurrently carried out by component-level mixing, merging and/or combining. Global and local mixing blocks are devised to perceive the inter-character and intra-character patterns, leading to a multi-grained character component perception. Thus, characters are recognized by a simple linear prediction. Experimental results on both English and Chinese scene text recognition tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of SVTR. SVTR-L (Large) achieves highly competitive accuracy in English and outperforms existing methods by a large margin in Chinese, while running faster. In addition, SVTR-T (Tiny) is an effective and much smaller model, which shows appealing speed at inference. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/PaddleOCR.
Key facts. Cited by 86 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 20 of its 28 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 30 Apr 2022.
Builds on
20 of 28 references.
References · 20
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,082
- 2015An End-to-End Trainable Neural Network for Image-based Sequence Recognition and Its Application to Scene Text Recognitioncited by 519
- 2016Synthetic Data for Text Localisation in Natural Imagescited by 396
- 2014Synthetic Data and Artificial Neural Networks for Natural Scene Text Recognitioncited by 214
- 2021Read Like Humans: Autonomous, Bidirectional and Iterative Language Modeling for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 194
- 2019What Is Wrong With Scene Text Recognition Model Comparisons? Dataset and Model Analysiscited by 191
- 2020Towards Accurate Scene Text Recognition with Semantic Reasoning Networkscited by 131
- 2018Show, Attend and Read: A Simple and Strong Baseline for Irregular Text Recognitioncited by 130
- 2014Reading Text in the Wild with Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 122
- 2021From Two to One: A New Scene Text Recognizer with Visual Language Modeling Networkcited by 97
- 2021Vision Transformer for Fast and Efficient Scene Text Recognitioncited by 81
8 more
- 2018NRTR: A No-Recurrence Sequence-to-Sequence Model For Scene Text Recognitioncited by 73
- 2019Rosetta: Large scale system for text detection and recognition in imagescited by 69
- 2020GTC: Guided Training of CTC Towards Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Recognitioncited by 52
- 2021Benchmarking Chinese Text Recognition: Datasets, Baselines, and an Empirical Studycited by 52
- 2021CDistNet: Perceiving Multi-Domain Character Distance for Robust Text Recognitioncited by 36
- 2019A Multi-Object Rectified Attention Network for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 30
- 2021Primitive Representation Learning for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 28
- 2021Visual-Semantic Transformer for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 5
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 28; 2024: 24; 2025: 19; 2026: 12.
86 papers.
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- 2024OCRBench v2: An Improved Benchmark for Evaluating Large Multimodal Models on Visual Text Localization and Reasoningcited by 165
- 2025PaddleOCR 3.0 Technical Reportcited by 136
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- 2022PP-OCRv3: More Attempts for the Improvement of Ultra Lightweight OCR Systemcited by 105
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- 2022Exploring Stroke-Level Modifications for Scene Text Editingcited by 36
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- 2024SVTRv2: CTC Beats Encoder-Decoder Models in Scene Text Recognitioncited by 23
- 2024Large Language Models Lack Understanding of Character Composition of Wordscited by 21
- 2023Diffusion in the Dark: A Diffusion Model for Low-Light Text Recognitioncited by 20
- 2023DocParser: End-to-end OCR-free Information Extraction from Visually Rich Documentscited by 19
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- 2023Symmetrical Linguistic Feature Distillation with CLIP for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 14
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- 2023TPS++: Attention-Enhanced Thin-Plate Spline for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 9
- 2023LRANet: Towards Accurate and Efficient Scene Text Detection with Low-Rank Approximation Networkcited by 8
- 2023Self-distillation Regularized Connectionist Temporal Classification Loss for Text Recognition: A Simple Yet Effective Approachcited by 8
- 2024Self-Supervised Pre-training with Symmetric Superimposition Modeling for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 8
- 2024TextSSR: Diffusion-based Data Synthesis for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 8
- 2026PP-OCRv5: A Specialized 5M-Parameter Model Rivaling Billion-Parameter Vision-Language Models on OCR Taskscited by 8
- 2023MRN: Multiplexed Routing Network for Incremental Multilingual Text Recognitioncited by 7
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- 2024Focus, Distinguish, and Prompt: Unleashing CLIP for Efficient and Flexible Scene Text Retrievalcited by 6
- 2025Linguistics-aware Masked Image Modeling for Self-supervised Scene Text Recognitioncited by 6
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- 2025Text-Aware Image Restoration with Diffusion Modelscited by 5
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- 2024SynopGround: A Large-Scale Dataset for Multi-Paragraph Video Grounding from TV Dramas and Synopsescited by 4
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- 2025MDiff4STR: Mask Diffusion Model for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 4
- 2026ICPR 2026 Competition on Low-Resolution License Plate Recognitioncited by 4
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- 2023Cross-Lingual Learning in Multilingual Scene Text Recognitioncited by 3
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50 most cited of 86 All 86 (JSON)
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- 2026Advancing WordArt-Oriented Scene Text Recognition: Datasets and Methods23 Jun 2026
- 2026TraRA: Trajectory-level Recognition Aggregation for Video Text Spotting in Urban Surveillance5 Jun 2026
- 2026Masked Next-Scale Prediction for Self-supervised Scene Text Recognition14 May 2026
- 2026ICPR 2026 Competition on Low-Resolution License Plate Recognition24 Apr 2026
- 2026PP-OCRv5: A Specialized 5M-Parameter Model Rivaling Billion-Parameter Vision-Language Models on OCR Tasks25 Mar 2026
- 2026TDATR: Improving End-to-End Table Recognition via Table Detail-Aware Learning and Cell-Level Visual Alignment24 Mar 2026
- 2026Multi-Modal Character Localization and Extraction for Chinese Text Recognition14 Mar 2026
- 2026What Is Wrong with Synthetic Data for Scene Text Recognition? A Strong Synthetic Engine with Diverse Simulations and Self-Evolution6 Feb 2026
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- 2025OTSNet: A Neurocognitive-Inspired Observation-Thinking-Spelling Pipeline for Scene Text Recognition11 Nov 2025
- 2025LRANet++: Low-Rank Approximation Network for Accurate and Efficient Text Spotting8 Nov 2025
- 2025ClapperText: A Benchmark for Text Recognition in Low-Resource Archival Documents17 Oct 2025
- 2025Enhancing OCR for Sino-Vietnamese Language Processing via Fine-tuned PaddleOCRv55 Oct 2025
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- 2025Enhanced Generative Structure Prior for Chinese Text Image Super-resolution11 Aug 2025
- 2025TRUDI and TITUS: A Multi-Perspective Dataset and A Three-Stage Recognition System for Transportation Unit Identification4 Aug 2025
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- 2025Document Image Rectification Bases on Self-Adaptive Multitask Fusion9 May 2025
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- 2024SVTRv2: CTC Beats Encoder-Decoder Models in Scene Text Recognition24 Nov 2024
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- 2024Stratified Domain Adaptation: A Progressive Self-Training Approach for Scene Text Recognition13 Oct 2024
- 2024Kangaroo: A Powerful Video-Language Model Supporting Long-context Video Input28 Aug 2024
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- 2024SynopGround: A Large-Scale Dataset for Multi-Paragraph Video Grounding from TV Dramas and Synopses3 Aug 2024
- 2024Focus, Distinguish, and Prompt: Unleashing CLIP for Efficient and Flexible Scene Text Retrieval1 Aug 2024
- 2024Out of Length Text Recognition with Sub-String Matching17 Jul 2024
- 2024Focus on the Whole Character: Discriminative Character Modeling for Scene Text Recognition8 Jul 2024
- 2024Large Language Models Lack Understanding of Character Composition of Words18 May 2024
- 2024Self-Supervised Pre-training with Symmetric Superimposition Modeling for Scene Text Recognition9 May 2024
- 2024Choose What You Need: Disentangled Representation Learning for Scene Text Recognition, Removal and Editing7 May 2024
- 2024Ensemble Learning for Vietnamese Scene Text Spotting in Urban Environments1 Apr 2024
- 2024Efficient scene text image super-resolution with semantic guidance20 Mar 2024
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- 2024Kangaroo: A Powerful Video-Language Model Supporting Long-context Video Inputcited by 132
- 2025Towards Visual Text Grounding of Multimodal Large Language Modelcited by 18
- 2026PP-OCRv5: A Specialized 5M-Parameter Model Rivaling Billion-Parameter Vision-Language Models on OCR Taskscited by 8
- 2025Exploring OCR-augmented Generation for Bilingual VQAcited by 1
- 2026PP-OCRv5: A Specialized 5M-Parameter Model Rivaling Billion-Parameter Vision-Language Models on OCR Tasks25 Mar 2026
- 2025Exploring OCR-augmented Generation for Bilingual VQA2 Oct 2025
- 2025Towards Visual Text Grounding of Multimodal Large Language Model7 Apr 2025
- 2024OCRBench v2: An Improved Benchmark for Evaluating Large Multimodal Models on Visual Text Localization and Reasoning31 Dec 2024
- 2024Kangaroo: A Powerful Video-Language Model Supporting Long-context Video Input28 Aug 2024
- 2025PaddleOCR 3.0 Technical Reportcited by 136
- 2022PP-OCRv3: More Attempts for the Improvement of Ultra Lightweight OCR Systemcited by 105
- 2023Revisiting Scene Text Recognition: A Data Perspectivecited by 45
- 2023DTrOCR: Decoder-only Transformer for Optical Character Recognitioncited by 40
- 2022Exploring Stroke-Level Modifications for Scene Text Editingcited by 36
- 2023Towards Balanced Alignment: Modal-Enhanced Semantic Modeling for Video Moment Retrievalcited by 27
- 2024SVTRv2: CTC Beats Encoder-Decoder Models in Scene Text Recognitioncited by 23
- 2024Large Language Models Lack Understanding of Character Composition of Wordscited by 21
- 2023DocParser: End-to-end OCR-free Information Extraction from Visually Rich Documentscited by 19
- 2023Context Perception Parallel Decoder for Scene Text Recognitioncited by 19
- 2023Linguistic More: Taking a Further Step toward Efficient and Accurate Scene Text Recognitioncited by 18
- 2024Choose What You Need: Disentangled Representation Learning for Scene Text Recognition, Removal and Editingcited by 18
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- 2026Embedding Rotation Invariance for Provable Multi-Oriented Scene Text Recognition11 Aug 2026
- 2026Drawing-Recode: Annotation Grounding for Parametric CAD Code Generation from Raster 2D CAD Drawings30 Jul 2026
- 2026Out-of-Length Scene Text Recognition: A Two-Axis Diagnosis and a Training-Free Fix25 Jul 2026
- 2026Advancing WordArt-Oriented Scene Text Recognition: Datasets and Methods23 Jun 2026
- 2026TraRA: Trajectory-level Recognition Aggregation for Video Text Spotting in Urban Surveillance5 Jun 2026
- 2026Masked Next-Scale Prediction for Self-supervised Scene Text Recognition14 May 2026
- 2026ICPR 2026 Competition on Low-Resolution License Plate Recognition24 Apr 2026
- 2026TDATR: Improving End-to-End Table Recognition via Table Detail-Aware Learning and Cell-Level Visual Alignment24 Mar 2026
- 2026Multi-Modal Character Localization and Extraction for Chinese Text Recognition14 Mar 2026
- 2026What Is Wrong with Synthetic Data for Scene Text Recognition? A Strong Synthetic Engine with Diverse Simulations and Self-Evolution6 Feb 2026
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