Generating Surface for Text-to-3D using 2D Gaussian Splatting
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recent advancements in Text-to-3D modeling have shown significant potential for the creation of 3D content. However, due to the complex geometric shapes of objects in the natural world, generating 3D content remains a challenging task. Current methods either leverage 2D diffusion priors to recover 3D geometry, or train the model directly based on specific 3D representations. In this paper, we propose a novel method named DirectGaussian, which focuses on generating the surfaces of 3D objects represented by surfels. In DirectGaussian, we utilize conditional text generation models and the surface of a 3D object is rendered by 2D Gaussian splatting with multi-view normal and texture priors. For multi-view geometric consistency problems, DirectGaussian incorporates curvature constraints on the generated surface during optimization process. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that our framework is capable of achieving diverse and high-fidelity 3D content creation.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 19 of its 27 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Oct 2025.
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19 of 27 references.
References · 19
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,226
- 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,025
- 2015ShapeNet: An Information-Rich 3D Model Repositorycited by 2,897
- 2022Objaverse: A Universe of Annotated 3D Objectscited by 1,540
- 2023Zero-1-to-3: Zero-shot One Image to 3D Objectcited by 1,489
- 2022Magic3D: High-Resolution Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 1,290
- 2023ProlificDreamer: High-Fidelity and Diverse Text-to-3D Generation with Variational Score Distillationcited by 1,219
- 20242D Gaussian Splatting for Geometrically Accurate Radiance Fieldscited by 1,076
- 2023DreamGaussian: Generative Gaussian Splatting for Efficient 3D Content Creationcited by 843
- 2024LGM: Large Multi-View Gaussian Model for High-Resolution 3D Content Creationcited by 739
- 2023Fantasia3D: Disentangling Geometry and Appearance for High-quality Text-to-3D Content Creationcited by 687
7 more
- 2022Score Jacobian Chaining: Lifting Pretrained 2D Diffusion Models for 3D Generationcited by 597
- 2023One-2-3-45: Any Single Image to 3D Mesh in 45 Seconds without Per-Shape Optimizationcited by 560
- 2023Zero123++: a Single Image to Consistent Multi-view Diffusion Base Modelcited by 521
- 2023LucidDreamer: Towards High-Fidelity Text-to-3D Generation via Interval Score Matchingcited by 290
- 2024PGSR: Planar-based Gaussian Splatting for Efficient and High-Fidelity Surface Reconstructioncited by 285
- 2023GaussianDreamer: Fast Generation from Text to 3D Gaussians by Bridging 2D and 3D Diffusion Modelscited by 255
- 2024High-quality Surface Reconstruction using Gaussian Surfelscited by 161
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- 2023Text-to-3D using Gaussian Splatting
- 2024ScalingGaussian: Enhancing 3D Content Creation with Generative Gaussian Splatting
- 2026SIC3D: Style Image Conditioned Text-to-3D Gaussian Splatting Generation
- 2025DiffSplat: Repurposing Image Diffusion Models for Scalable Gaussian Splat Generation
- 2024Controllable Text-to-3D Generation via Surface-Aligned Gaussian Splatting
- 2026PixGS: Pixel-Space Diffusion for Direct 3D Gaussian Splat Generation
- 2024DIRECT-3D: Learning Direct Text-to-3D Generation on Massive Noisy 3D Data
- 2024Enhancing Single Image to 3D Generation using Gaussian Splatting and Hybrid Diffusion Priors