FaceXFormer: A Unified Transformer for Facial Analysis
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Abstract (arXiv)
In this work, we introduce FaceXFormer, an end-to-end unified transformer model capable of performing ten facial analysis tasks within a single framework. These tasks include face parsing, landmark detection, head pose estimation, attribute prediction, age, gender, and race estimation, facial expression recognition, face recognition, and face visibility. Traditional face analysis approaches rely on task-specific architectures and pre-processing techniques, limiting scalability and integration. In contrast, FaceXFormer employs a transformer-based encoder-decoder architecture, where each task is represented as a learnable token, enabling seamless multi-task processing within a unified model. To enhance efficiency, we introduce FaceX, a lightweight decoder with a novel bi-directional cross-attention mechanism, which jointly processes face and task tokens to learn robust and generalized facial representations. We train FaceXFormer on ten diverse face perception datasets and evaluate it against both specialized and multi-task models across multiple benchmarks, demonstrating state-of-the-art or competitive performance. Additionally, we analyze the impact of various components of FaceXFormer on performance, assess real-world robustness in "in-the-wild" settings, and conduct a computational performance evaluation. To the best of our knowledge, FaceXFormer is the first model capable of handling ten facial analysis tasks while maintaining real-time performance at 33.21 FPS. Code: https://github.com/Kartik-3004/facexformer
Key facts. Cited by 34 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 98 of its 155 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Mar 2024.
Builds on
98 of 155 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 7; 2025: 19; 2026: 8.
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- 2024FineCLIPER: Multi-modal Fine-grained CLIP for Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition with AdaptERscited by 30
- 2024EMO-LLaMA: Enhancing Facial Emotion Understanding with Instruction Tuningcited by 27
- 2025FaceXBench: Evaluating Multimodal LLMs on Face Understandingcited by 23
- 2025Benchmarking Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Biometric Taskscited by 13
- 2025FaceLLM: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Understandingcited by 13
- 2024Face-MLLM: A Large Face Perception Modelcited by 11
- 2025Face-LLaVA: Facial Expression and Attribute Understanding through Instruction Tuningcited by 9
- 2024DH-FaceVid-1K: A Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset for Face Video Generationcited by 8
- 2025FaVChat: Hierarchical Prompt-Query Guided Facial Video Understanding with Data-Efficient GRPOcited by 6
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- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 5
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- 2024Bidirectional Regression for Monocular 6DoF Head Pose Estimation and Reference System Alignmentcited by 0
- 2025Learning an Ensemble Token from Task-driven Priors in Facial Analysiscited by 0
- 2025Is Micro-expression Ethnic Leaning?cited by 0
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- 2025FLUID: Training-Free Face De-identification via Latent Identity Substitutioncited by 0
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- 2026On Applicability of Synthetic Datasets for Facial Expression Recognitioncited by 0
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- 2026Towards Unified Dynamic Face Landmark Detection11 Aug 2026
- 2026FaceMoE: Mixture of Experts for Low-Resolution Face Recognition30 Jun 2026
- 2026DiverAge: Reliable Pluralistic Face Aging with Cross-Age Identity Relation Guidance2 Jun 2026
- 2026On Applicability of Synthetic Datasets for Facial Expression Recognition17 May 2026
- 2026FairNVT: Fair Classification via Noise Injection in Vision Transformers18 Apr 2026
- 2026Nano-EmoX: Unifying Multimodal Emotional Intelligence from Perception to Empathy2 Mar 2026
- 2026Out of the box age estimation through facial imagery: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Vision-Language Models vs. out-of-the-box Traditional Architectures8 Feb 2026
- 2025Learning What to Attend First: Modality-Importance-Guided Reasoning for Reliable Multimodal Emotion Understanding2 Dec 2025
- 2025Silhouette-based Gait Foundation Model30 Nov 2025
- 2025FLUID: Training-Free Face De-identification via Latent Identity Substitution21 Nov 2025
- 2025THEval. Evaluation Framework for Talking Head Video Generation6 Nov 2025
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- 2025Combo-Gait: Unified Transformer Framework for Multi-Modal Gait Recognition and Attribute Analysis12 Oct 2025
- 2025Efficient Label Refinement for Face Parsing Under Extreme Poses Using 3D Gaussian Splatting9 Oct 2025
- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Models30 Sep 2025
- 2025FaceLLM: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Understanding14 Jul 2025
- 2025Is Micro-expression Ethnic Leaning?14 Jul 2025
- 2025On the rankability of visual embeddings4 Jul 2025
- 2025Learning an Ensemble Token from Task-driven Priors in Facial Analysis2 Jul 2025
- 2025OpenFace 3.0: A Lightweight Multitask System for Comprehensive Facial Behavior Analysis3 Jun 2025
- 2025Benchmarking Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Biometric Tasks30 May 2025
- 2025Classifier-to-Bias: Toward Unsupervised Automatic Bias Detection for Visual Classifiers29 Apr 2025
- 2025FaceInsight: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Perception22 Apr 2025
- 2025Face-LLaVA: Facial Expression and Attribute Understanding through Instruction Tuning9 Apr 2025
- 2025FaVChat: Hierarchical Prompt-Query Guided Facial Video Understanding with Data-Efficient GRPO12 Mar 2025
- 2025FaceXBench: Evaluating Multimodal LLMs on Face Understanding17 Jan 2025
- 2024Diverse Rare Sample Generation with Pretrained GANs27 Dec 2024
- 2024StyleDiT: A Unified Framework for Diverse Child and Partner Faces Synthesis with Style Latent Diffusion Transformer14 Dec 2024
- 2024Face-MLLM: A Large Face Perception Model28 Oct 2024
- 2024DH-FaceVid-1K: A Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset for Face Video Generation23 Sep 2024
- 2024EMO-LLaMA: Enhancing Facial Emotion Understanding with Instruction Tuning21 Aug 2024
- 2024Bidirectional Regression for Monocular 6DoF Head Pose Estimation and Reference System Alignment19 Jul 2024
- 2024FineCLIPER: Multi-modal Fine-grained CLIP for Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition with AdaptERs2 Jul 2024
- 2025FaceXBench: Evaluating Multimodal LLMs on Face Understandingcited by 23
- 2025Benchmarking Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Biometric Taskscited by 13
- 2025FaceLLM: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Understandingcited by 13
- 2024Face-MLLM: A Large Face Perception Modelcited by 11
- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 5
- 2026Out of the box age estimation through facial imagery: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Vision-Language Models vs. out-of-the-box Traditional Architecturescited by 5
- 2025FaceInsight: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Perceptioncited by 2
- 2025Fake-in-Facext: Towards Fine-Grained Explainable DeepFake Analysiscited by 2
- 2026Nano-EmoX: Unifying Multimodal Emotional Intelligence from Perception to Empathycited by 1
- 2026MS-MFAD : Multimodal large language models for Face Anti-spoofing Detectioncited by 0
- 2026MS-MFAD : Multimodal large language models for Face Anti-spoofing Detection18 Aug 2026
- 2026Nano-EmoX: Unifying Multimodal Emotional Intelligence from Perception to Empathy2 Mar 2026
- 2026Out of the box age estimation through facial imagery: A Comprehensive Benchmark of Vision-Language Models vs. out-of-the-box Traditional Architectures8 Feb 2026
- 2025Fake-in-Facext: Towards Fine-Grained Explainable DeepFake Analysis23 Oct 2025
- 2025Human-MME: A Holistic Evaluation Benchmark for Human-Centric Multimodal Large Language Models30 Sep 2025
- 2025FaceLLM: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Understanding14 Jul 2025
- 2025Benchmarking Foundation Models for Zero-Shot Biometric Tasks30 May 2025
- 2025FaceInsight: A Multimodal Large Language Model for Face Perception22 Apr 2025
- 2025FaceXBench: Evaluating Multimodal LLMs on Face Understanding17 Jan 2025
- 2024Face-MLLM: A Large Face Perception Model28 Oct 2024
- 2024FineCLIPER: Multi-modal Fine-grained CLIP for Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition with AdaptERscited by 30
- 2024EMO-LLaMA: Enhancing Facial Emotion Understanding with Instruction Tuningcited by 27
- 2025Face-LLaVA: Facial Expression and Attribute Understanding through Instruction Tuningcited by 9
- 2024DH-FaceVid-1K: A Large-Scale High-Quality Dataset for Face Video Generationcited by 8
- 2025OpenFace 3.0: A Lightweight Multitask System for Comprehensive Facial Behavior Analysiscited by 5
- 2025Classifier-to-Bias: Toward Unsupervised Automatic Bias Detection for Visual Classifierscited by 4
- 2025On the rankability of visual embeddingscited by 4
- 2024Diverse Rare Sample Generation with Pretrained GANscited by 3
- 2025Combo-Gait: Unified Transformer Framework for Multi-Modal Gait Recognition and Attribute Analysiscited by 1
- 2025THEval. Evaluation Framework for Talking Head Video Generationcited by 1
- 2025Silhouette-based Gait Foundation Modelcited by 1
- 2024Bidirectional Regression for Monocular 6DoF Head Pose Estimation and Reference System Alignmentcited by 0
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026Towards Unified Dynamic Face Landmark Detection11 Aug 2026
- 2026DiverAge: Reliable Pluralistic Face Aging with Cross-Age Identity Relation Guidance2 Jun 2026
- 2026On Applicability of Synthetic Datasets for Facial Expression Recognition17 May 2026
- 2026FairNVT: Fair Classification via Noise Injection in Vision Transformers18 Apr 2026
- 2025Silhouette-based Gait Foundation Model30 Nov 2025
- 2025THEval. Evaluation Framework for Talking Head Video Generation6 Nov 2025
- 2025Combo-Gait: Unified Transformer Framework for Multi-Modal Gait Recognition and Attribute Analysis12 Oct 2025
- 2025Efficient Label Refinement for Face Parsing Under Extreme Poses Using 3D Gaussian Splatting9 Oct 2025
- 2025Is Micro-expression Ethnic Leaning?14 Jul 2025
- 2025On the rankability of visual embeddings4 Jul 2025
- 2025Learning an Ensemble Token from Task-driven Priors in Facial Analysis2 Jul 2025
- 2025OpenFace 3.0: A Lightweight Multitask System for Comprehensive Facial Behavior Analysis3 Jun 2025
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)