mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

SemCity: Semantic Scene Generation with Triplane Diffusion

arXiv 2403.07773 ↗First posted 12 Mar 2024cs.CVcited by 53

On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation

Abstract (arXiv)

We present "SemCity," a 3D diffusion model for semantic scene generation in real-world outdoor environments. Most 3D diffusion models focus on generating a single object, synthetic indoor scenes, or synthetic outdoor scenes, while the generation of real-world outdoor scenes is rarely addressed. In this paper, we concentrate on generating a real-outdoor scene through learning a diffusion model on a real-world outdoor dataset. In contrast to synthetic data, real-outdoor datasets often contain more empty spaces due to sensor limitations, causing challenges in learning real-outdoor distributions. To address this issue, we exploit a triplane representation as a proxy form of scene distributions to be learned by our diffusion model. Furthermore, we propose a triplane manipulation that integrates seamlessly with our triplane diffusion model. The manipulation improves our diffusion model's applicability in a variety of downstream tasks related to outdoor scene generation such as scene inpainting, scene outpainting, and semantic scene completion refinements. In experimental results, we demonstrate that our triplane diffusion model shows meaningful generation results compared with existing work in a real-outdoor dataset, SemanticKITTI. We also show our triplane manipulation facilitates seamlessly adding, removing, or modifying objects within a scene. Further, it also enables the expansion of scenes toward a city-level scale. Finally, we evaluate our method on semantic scene completion refinements where our diffusion model enhances predictions of semantic scene completion networks by learning scene distribution. Our code is available at https://github.com/zoomin-lee/SemCity.

Key facts. Cited by 53 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 49 of its 66 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 12 Mar 2024.

Builds on

49 of 66 references.

Closest ancestors · 9

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Texture Generation on 3D Meshes with Point-UV Diffusion21 Aug
  2. 2023Sin3DM: Learning a Diffusion Model from a Single 3D Textured Shape24 May
  3. 2023Diffusion Probabilistic Models for Scene-Scale 3D Categorical Data2 Jan
  4. 2022RGBD2: Generative Scene Synthesis via Incremental View Inpainting using RGBD Diffusion Models12 Dec
  5. 20223D Neural Field Generation using Triplane Diffusion30 Nov
  6. 2022RenderDiffusion: Image Diffusion for 3D Reconstruction, Inpainting and Generation17 Nov
  7. 2022LION: Latent Point Diffusion Models for 3D Shape Generation12 Oct
  8. 2022RePaint: Inpainting using Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models24 Jan
  9. 2021Diffusion Probabilistic Models for 3D Point Cloud Generation2 Mar

Other references · 40

  1. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  3. 2021LoRA: Low-Rank Adaptation of Large Language Modelscited by 14,084
  4. 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 8,964
  5. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  6. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,539
  7. 2022Photorealistic Text-to-Image Diffusion Models with Deep Language Understandingcited by 6,322
  8. 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,466
  9. 2022DreamBooth: Fine Tuning Text-to-Image Diffusion Models for Subject-Driven Generationcited by 3,286
  10. 2022An Image is Worth One Word: Personalizing Text-to-Image Generation using Textual Inversioncited by 2,231
  11. 2021Structured Denoising Diffusion Models in Discrete State-Spacescited by 1,665
  12. 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
28 more
  1. 2019Towards Robust Monocular Depth Estimation: Mixing Datasets for Zero-shot Cross-dataset Transfercited by 1,484
  2. 2021Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,296
  3. 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,268
  4. 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,204
  5. 2016Semantic Understanding of Scenes through the ADE20K Datasetcited by 1,063
  6. 2018Generative Image Inpainting with Contextual Attentioncited by 578
  7. 2021Argmax Flows and Multinomial Diffusion: Learning Categorical Distributionscited by 566
  8. 20213D Shape Generation and Completion through Point-Voxel Diffusioncited by 516
  9. 2016Semantic Scene Completion from a Single Depth Imagecited by 468
  10. 2020Object Goal Navigation using Goal-Oriented Semantic Explorationcited by 421
  11. 2021MonoScene: Monocular 3D Semantic Scene Completioncited by 357
  12. 2018Image Generation from Scene Graphscited by 324
  13. 2023VoxFormer: Sparse Voxel Transformer for Camera-based 3D Semantic Scene Completioncited by 306
  14. 2020Sparse Single Sweep LiDAR Point Cloud Segmentation via Learning Contextual Shape Priors from Scene Completioncited by 222
  15. 2023MeshDiffusion: Score-based Generative 3D Mesh Modelingcited by 198
  16. 2020LMSCNet: Lightweight Multiscale 3D Semantic Completioncited by 187
  17. 2022Diffusion-SDF: Text-to-Shape via Voxelized Diffusioncited by 128
  18. 2023DiffCollage: Parallel Generation of Large Content with Diffusion Modelscited by 100
  19. 2023OccDepth: A Depth-Aware Method for 3D Semantic Scene Completioncited by 85
  20. 2023SCPNet: Semantic Scene Completion on Point Cloudcited by 80
  21. 2021In&Out : Diverse Image Outpainting via GAN Inversioncited by 55
  22. 2022MotionSC: Data Set and Network for Real-Time Semantic Mapping in Dynamic Environmentscited by 40
  23. 2021Semantic Segmentation-assisted Scene Completion for LiDAR Point Cloudscited by 37
  24. 2023PET-NeuS: Positional Encoding Tri-Planes for Neural Surfacescited by 37
  25. 2022ALTO: Alternating Latent Topologies for Implicit 3D Reconstructioncited by 21
  26. 2019Deep Reinforcement Learning of Volume-guided Progressive View Inpainting for 3D Point Scene Completion from a Single Depth Imagecited by 15
  27. 2023Denoising Diffusion Semantic Segmentation with Mask Prior Modelingcited by 15
  28. 2021In-N-Out: Towards Good Initialization for Inpainting and Outpaintingcited by 4

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 13; 2025: 24; 2026: 16.

53 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2024UniScene: Unified Occupancy-centric Driving Scene Generationcited by 102
  2. 2024OccSora: 4D Occupancy Generation Models as World Simulators for Autonomous Drivingcited by 76
  3. 20253D and 4D World Modeling: A Surveycited by 64
  4. 2024LT3SD: Latent Trees for 3D Scene Diffusioncited by 53
  5. 2024DynamicCity: Large-Scale 4D Occupancy Generation from Dynamic Scenescited by 37
  6. 2024DrivingSphere: Building a High-fidelity 4D World for Closed-loop Simulationcited by 34
  7. 2024SceneFactor: Factored Latent 3D Diffusion for Controllable 3D Scene Generationcited by 24
  8. 2025FirePlace: Geometric Refinements of LLM Common Sense Reasoning for 3D Object Placementcited by 24
  9. 20253D Scene Generation: A Surveycited by 24
  10. 2025X-Scene: Large-Scale Driving Scene Generation with High Fidelity and Flexible Controllabilitycited by 20
  11. 2024GarmentDreamer: 3DGS Guided Garment Synthesis with Diverse Geometry and Texture Detailscited by 19
  12. 2025NuiScene: Exploring Efficient Generation of Unbounded Outdoor Scenescited by 19
38 more
  1. 2024SyntheOcc: Synthesize Geometric-Controlled Street View Images through 3D Semantic MPIscited by 14
  2. 2024Distilling Diffusion Models to Efficient 3D LiDAR Scene Completioncited by 10
  3. 2024OccScene: Semantic Occupancy-based Cross-task Mutual Learning for 3D Scene Generationcited by 10
  4. 2025SPIRAL: Semantic-Aware Progressive LiDAR Scene Generation and Understandingcited by 10
  5. 2025La La LiDAR: Large-Scale Layout Generation from LiDAR Datacited by 10
  6. 2024Planner3D: LLM-enhanced graph prior meets 3D indoor scene explicit regularizationcited by 9
  7. 2025Controllable 3D Outdoor Scene Generation via Scene Graphscited by 9
  8. 2025Scaling Up Occupancy-centric Driving Scene Generation: Dataset and Methodcited by 8
  9. 2025LADB: Latent Aligned Diffusion Bridges for Semi-Supervised Domain Translationcited by 7
  10. 2025TRELLISWorld: Training-Free World Generation from Object Generatorscited by 7
  11. 2026SceneTransporter: Optimal Transport-Guided Compositional Latent Diffusion for Single-Image Structured 3D Scene Generationcited by 6
  12. 2026WorldClaw: Agentic 3D Open-World Generation at Scalecited by 6
  13. 2025Delta-Triplane Transformers as Occupancy World Modelscited by 5
  14. 2025Towards Generating Realistic 3D Semantic Training Data for Autonomous Drivingcited by 5
  15. 2025LSD-3D: Large-Scale 3D Driving Scene Generation with Geometry Groundingcited by 5
  16. 2025CymbaDiff: Structured Spatial Diffusion for Sketch-based 3D Semantic Urban Scene Generationcited by 3
  17. 2025Self-Evolving 3D Scene Generation from a Single Imagecited by 3
  18. 2025Enhancing 3D Semantic Scene Completion with a Refinement Modulecited by 3
  19. 2025Constructing a 3D Scene from a Single Imagecited by 2
  20. 2026Exploring Easy Boosts for Lidar Semantic Scene Completioncited by 2
  21. 2025S3R-GS: Streamlining the Pipeline for Large-Scale Street Scene Reconstructioncited by 1
  22. 2025PrITTI: Primitive-based Generation of Controllable and Editable 3D Semantic Urban Scenescited by 1
  23. 2025SPHERE: Semantic-PHysical Engaged REpresentation for 3D Semantic Scene Completioncited by 1
  24. 2025Octree Diffusion for Semantic Scene Generation and Completioncited by 1
  25. 2026ScenDi: 3D-to-2D Scene Diffusion Cascades for Urban Generationcited by 1
  26. 2026NuiWorld: Exploring a Scalable Framework for End-to-End Controllable World Generationcited by 1
  27. 2024Fused-Planes: Why Train a Thousand Tri-Planes When You Can Share?cited by 0
  28. 2024Factorized Video Autoencoders for Efficient Generative Modellingcited by 0
  29. 2025GeoTexBuild: 3D Building Model Generation from Map Footprintscited by 0
  30. 2025VOIC: Visible-Occluded Integrated Guidance for 3D Semantic Scene Completioncited by 0
  31. 2026OccSim: Multi-kilometer Simulation with Long-horizon Occupancy World Modelscited by 0
  32. 2026OccDirector: Language-Guided Behavior and Interaction Generation in 4D Occupancy Spacecited by 0
  33. 2026AnyScene: Towards Highly Controllable Driving Scene Generation at Anywhere and Beyondcited by 0
  34. 2026EditSSC: Toward Editable Semantic Occupancy Scenes with Unconditional Diffusion Modelscited by 0
  35. 2026InfiniVerse: Occupancy Guided Unbounded Scene Generation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
  36. 2026Interpretable Human-Label-Free Deep Learning for Real-Bogus Classification with Uncertainty Quantificationcited by 0
  37. 20263D Scene Graph Prediction: Generating Hierarchical Models from Partially Observed Environmentscited by 0
  38. 2026FPSGen: Flexible Point Cloud Scene Generation with BEV-Supported Transport Flowscited by 0

50 most cited of 53 All 53 (JSON)

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024Urban Scene Diffusion through Semantic Occupancy Map
  2. 2026SEM-ROVER: Semantic Voxel-Guided Diffusion for Large-Scale Driving Scene Generation
  3. 2023LAW-Diffusion: Complex Scene Generation by Diffusion with Layouts
  4. 2025Guided and Unguided Conditional Diffusion Mechanisms for Structured and Semantically-Aware 3D Point Cloud Generation
  5. 2023CommonScenes: Generating Commonsense 3D Indoor Scenes with Scene Graph Diffusion
  6. 2025Layout2Scene: 3D Semantic Layout Guided Scene Generation via Geometry and Appearance Diffusion Priors
  7. 2025LiDPM: Rethinking Point Diffusion for Lidar Scene Completion
  8. 2025GeoSceneGraph: Geometric Scene Graph Diffusion Model for Text-guided 3D Indoor Scene Synthesis