Sat2Scene: 3D Urban Scene Generation from Satellite Images with Diffusion
On the map: Diffusion models → 3D, point cloud and scene generation
Abstract (arXiv)
Directly generating scenes from satellite imagery offers exciting possibilities for integration into applications like games and map services. However, challenges arise from significant view changes and scene scale. Previous efforts mainly focused on image or video generation, lacking exploration into the adaptability of scene generation for arbitrary views. Existing 3D generation works either operate at the object level or are difficult to utilize the geometry obtained from satellite imagery. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel architecture for direct 3D scene generation by introducing diffusion models into 3D sparse representations and combining them with neural rendering techniques. Specifically, our approach generates texture colors at the point level for a given geometry using a 3D diffusion model first, which is then transformed into a scene representation in a feed-forward manner. The representation can be utilized to render arbitrary views which would excel in both single-frame quality and inter-frame consistency. Experiments in two city-scale datasets show that our model demonstrates proficiency in generating photo-realistic street-view image sequences and cross-view urban scenes from satellite imagery.
Key facts. Cited by 27 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in 3D, point cloud and scene generation, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 39 of its 44 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Jan 2024.
Builds on
39 of 44 references.
Closest ancestors · 4
Same direction, newest first
- 2023Texture Generation on 3D Meshes with Point-UV Diffusion21 Aug
- 2023NeuralField-LDM: Scene Generation with Hierarchical Latent Diffusion Models19 Apr
- 2022DiffRF: Rendering-Guided 3D Radiance Field Diffusion2 Dec
- 2021Diffusion Probabilistic Models for 3D Point Cloud Generation2 Mar
Other references · 35
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
- 2017Mask R-CNNcited by 7,259
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,466
- 2016The Cityscapes Dataset for Semantic Urban Scene Understandingcited by 4,427
- 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,736
- 2022Instant Neural Graphics Primitives with a Multiresolution Hash Encodingcited by 3,698
- 2017Quo Vadis, Action Recognition? A New Model and the Kinetics Datasetcited by 3,259
- 2017ScanNet: Richly-annotated 3D Reconstructions of Indoor Scenescited by 3,088
23 more
- 2021Masked-attention Mask Transformer for Universal Image Segmentationcited by 2,338
- 2020pixelNeRF: Neural Radiance Fields from One or Few Imagescited by 1,574
- 2019Semantic Image Synthesis with Spatially-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 1,295
- 2018Demystifying MMD GANscited by 1,268
- 2021Efficient Geometry-aware 3D Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,204
- 20194D Spatio-Temporal ConvNets: Minkowski Convolutional Neural Networkscited by 1,201
- 2020Neural Sparse Voxel Fieldscited by 959
- 2018Deep Ordinal Regression Network for Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 721
- 2022Vision Transformer Adapter for Dense Predictionscited by 564
- 2022Point-NeRF: Point-based Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 503
- 2018Video-to-Video Synthesiscited by 388
- 2023MVDiffusion: Enabling Holistic Multi-view Image Generation with Correspondence-Aware Diffusioncited by 210
- 2023HyperDiffusion: Generating Implicit Neural Fields with Weight-Space Diffusioncited by 152
- 2021Unconstrained Scene Generation with Locally Conditioned Radiance Fieldscited by 130
- 2021GANcraft: Unsupervised 3D Neural Rendering of Minecraft Worldscited by 98
- 2020World-Consistent Video-to-Video Synthesiscited by 69
- 2023InfiniCity: Infinite-Scale City Synthesiscited by 68
- 2021Geometry-Guided Street-View Panorama Synthesis from Satellite Imagerycited by 41
- 2023Sat2Density: Faithful Density Learning from Satellite-Ground Image Pairscited by 29
- 2020HoliCity: A City-Scale Data Platform for Learning Holistic 3D Structurescited by 28
- 2020Sat2Vid: Street-view Panoramic Video Synthesis from a Single Satellite Imagecited by 25
- 2022OmniCity: Omnipotent City Understanding with Multi-level and Multi-view Imagescited by 21
- 2022CompNVS: Novel View Synthesis with Scene Completioncited by 9
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 8; 2025: 11; 2026: 8.
27 papers.
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- 2024Diffusion Models Meet Remote Sensing: Principles, Methods, and Perspectivescited by 27
- 2024CrossViewDiff: A Cross-View Diffusion Model for Satellite-to-Street View Synthesiscited by 23
- 2025Skyfall-GS: Synthesizing Immersive 3D Urban Scenes from Satellite Imagerycited by 16
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusioncited by 15
- 2024Geospecific View Generation -- Geometry-Context Aware High-resolution Ground View Inference from Satellite Viewscited by 13
- 2025Decoupled Diffusion Sparks Adaptive Scene Generationcited by 12
- 2025Seeing through Satellite Images at Street Viewscited by 8
- 2025Towards Scalable Spatial Intelligence via 2D-to-3D Data Liftingcited by 8
- 2024Skyeyes: Ground Roaming using Aerial View Imagescited by 5
- 2024Mixed-View Panorama Synthesis using Geospatially Guided Diffusioncited by 4
- 2025Satellite to GroundScape -- Large-scale Consistent Ground View Generation from Satellite Viewscited by 4
- 2026Sat3DGen: Comprehensive Street-Level 3D Scene Generation from Single Satellite Imagecited by 4
15 more
- 2024Automatic Scene Generation: State-of-the-Art Techniques, Models, Datasets, Challenges, and Future Prospectscited by 2
- 2025DiffusionUavLoc: Visually Prompted Diffusion for Cross-View UAV Localizationcited by 2
- 2026ABot-Earth 0.5: Generative 3D Earth Modelcited by 2
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Imagecited by 2
- 2024AerialGo: Walking-through City View Generation from Aerial Perspectivescited by 1
- 2025Language-Informed Hyperspectral Image Synthesis for Imbalanced-Small Sample Classification via Semi-Supervised Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2026ScenDi: 3D-to-2D Scene Diffusion Cascades for Urban Generationcited by 1
- 2026GS-Voxel: Fitting-Free Structured Latents for Large-Scale 3DGS Generationcited by 1
- 2024Bird Eye-View to Street-View: A Surveycited by 0
- 2025SatDreamer360: Multiview-Consistent Generation of Ground-Level Scenes from Satellite Imagerycited by 0
- 2025Point2Pose: A Generative Framework for 3D Human Pose Estimation with Multi-View Point Cloud Datasetcited by 0
- 2025SAM 3D for 3D Object Reconstruction from Remote Sensing Imagescited by 0
- 2026Cross-View Splatter: Feed-Forward View Synthesis with Georeferenced Imagescited by 0
- 2026GeoFidelity-Bench: Evaluating Block-Conditioned Geographic Fidelity in Text-to-Image Street-View Generationcited by 0
- 2026CrossTimeEdit: A Decade-Spanning Cross-View Dataset and Reward-Guided Editing for Historical Street-View Generationcited by 0
- 2026CrossTimeEdit: A Decade-Spanning Cross-View Dataset and Reward-Guided Editing for Historical Street-View Generation29 Sep 2026
- 2026GS-Voxel: Fitting-Free Structured Latents for Large-Scale 3DGS Generation18 Aug 2026
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Image23 Jun 2026
- 2026GeoFidelity-Bench: Evaluating Block-Conditioned Geographic Fidelity in Text-to-Image Street-View Generation22 Jun 2026
- 2026ABot-Earth 0.5: Generative 3D Earth Model8 Jun 2026
- 2026Cross-View Splatter: Feed-Forward View Synthesis with Georeferenced Images19 May 2026
- 2026Sat3DGen: Comprehensive Street-Level 3D Scene Generation from Single Satellite Image14 May 2026
- 2026ScenDi: 3D-to-2D Scene Diffusion Cascades for Urban Generation21 Jan 2026
- 2025SAM 3D for 3D Object Reconstruction from Remote Sensing Images27 Dec 2025
- 2025Point2Pose: A Generative Framework for 3D Human Pose Estimation with Multi-View Point Cloud Dataset11 Dec 2025
- 2025DiffusionUavLoc: Visually Prompted Diffusion for Cross-View UAV Localization9 Nov 2025
- 2025Skyfall-GS: Synthesizing Immersive 3D Urban Scenes from Satellite Imagery17 Oct 2025
15 more
- 2025Towards Scalable Spatial Intelligence via 2D-to-3D Data Lifting24 Jul 2025
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusion6 Jul 2025
- 2025SatDreamer360: Multiview-Consistent Generation of Ground-Level Scenes from Satellite Imagery31 May 2025
- 2025Seeing through Satellite Images at Street Views22 May 2025
- 2025Satellite to GroundScape -- Large-scale Consistent Ground View Generation from Satellite Views22 Apr 2025
- 2025Decoupled Diffusion Sparks Adaptive Scene Generation14 Apr 2025
- 2025Language-Informed Hyperspectral Image Synthesis for Imbalanced-Small Sample Classification via Semi-Supervised Conditional Diffusion Model27 Feb 2025
- 2024AerialGo: Walking-through City View Generation from Aerial Perspectives29 Nov 2024
- 2024Skyeyes: Ground Roaming using Aerial View Images25 Sep 2024
- 2024Automatic Scene Generation: State-of-the-Art Techniques, Models, Datasets, Challenges, and Future Prospects14 Sep 2024
- 2024CrossViewDiff: A Cross-View Diffusion Model for Satellite-to-Street View Synthesis27 Aug 2024
- 2024Mixed-View Panorama Synthesis using Geospatially Guided Diffusion12 Jul 2024
- 2024Geospecific View Generation -- Geometry-Context Aware High-resolution Ground View Inference from Satellite Views10 Jul 2024
- 2024Bird Eye-View to Street-View: A Survey14 May 2024
- 2024Diffusion Models Meet Remote Sensing: Principles, Methods, and Perspectives13 Apr 2024
- 2024Diffusion Models Meet Remote Sensing: Principles, Methods, and Perspectivescited by 27
- 2024CrossViewDiff: A Cross-View Diffusion Model for Satellite-to-Street View Synthesiscited by 23
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusioncited by 15
- 2024Mixed-View Panorama Synthesis using Geospatially Guided Diffusioncited by 4
- 2025Language-Informed Hyperspectral Image Synthesis for Imbalanced-Small Sample Classification via Semi-Supervised Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 1
- 2026ScenDi: 3D-to-2D Scene Diffusion Cascades for Urban Generationcited by 1
- 2026ScenDi: 3D-to-2D Scene Diffusion Cascades for Urban Generation21 Jan 2026
- 2025Sat2City: 3D City Generation from A Single Satellite Image with Cascaded Latent Diffusion6 Jul 2025
- 2025Language-Informed Hyperspectral Image Synthesis for Imbalanced-Small Sample Classification via Semi-Supervised Conditional Diffusion Model27 Feb 2025
- 2024CrossViewDiff: A Cross-View Diffusion Model for Satellite-to-Street View Synthesis27 Aug 2024
- 2024Mixed-View Panorama Synthesis using Geospatially Guided Diffusion12 Jul 2024
- 2024Diffusion Models Meet Remote Sensing: Principles, Methods, and Perspectives13 Apr 2024
- 2025Skyfall-GS: Synthesizing Immersive 3D Urban Scenes from Satellite Imagerycited by 16
- 2024Geospecific View Generation -- Geometry-Context Aware High-resolution Ground View Inference from Satellite Viewscited by 13
- 2025Decoupled Diffusion Sparks Adaptive Scene Generationcited by 12
- 2025Seeing through Satellite Images at Street Viewscited by 8
- 2025Towards Scalable Spatial Intelligence via 2D-to-3D Data Liftingcited by 8
- 2024Skyeyes: Ground Roaming using Aerial View Imagescited by 5
- 2025Satellite to GroundScape -- Large-scale Consistent Ground View Generation from Satellite Viewscited by 4
- 2026Sat3DGen: Comprehensive Street-Level 3D Scene Generation from Single Satellite Imagecited by 4
- 2024Automatic Scene Generation: State-of-the-Art Techniques, Models, Datasets, Challenges, and Future Prospectscited by 2
- 2025DiffusionUavLoc: Visually Prompted Diffusion for Cross-View UAV Localizationcited by 2
- 2026ABot-Earth 0.5: Generative 3D Earth Modelcited by 2
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Imagecited by 2
12 most cited of 21 All 21 (JSON)
- 2026CrossTimeEdit: A Decade-Spanning Cross-View Dataset and Reward-Guided Editing for Historical Street-View Generation29 Sep 2026
- 2026GS-Voxel: Fitting-Free Structured Latents for Large-Scale 3DGS Generation18 Aug 2026
- 2026Sat2City v2: Native 3D City Asset Generation from a Single Satellite Image23 Jun 2026
- 2026GeoFidelity-Bench: Evaluating Block-Conditioned Geographic Fidelity in Text-to-Image Street-View Generation22 Jun 2026
- 2026ABot-Earth 0.5: Generative 3D Earth Model8 Jun 2026
- 2026Cross-View Splatter: Feed-Forward View Synthesis with Georeferenced Images19 May 2026
- 2026Sat3DGen: Comprehensive Street-Level 3D Scene Generation from Single Satellite Image14 May 2026
- 2025SAM 3D for 3D Object Reconstruction from Remote Sensing Images27 Dec 2025
- 2025Point2Pose: A Generative Framework for 3D Human Pose Estimation with Multi-View Point Cloud Dataset11 Dec 2025
- 2025DiffusionUavLoc: Visually Prompted Diffusion for Cross-View UAV Localization9 Nov 2025
- 2025Skyfall-GS: Synthesizing Immersive 3D Urban Scenes from Satellite Imagery17 Oct 2025
- 2025Towards Scalable Spatial Intelligence via 2D-to-3D Data Lifting24 Jul 2025
12 newest of 21 All 21 (JSON)
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