mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

AV-Deepfake1M: A Large-Scale LLM-Driven Audio-Visual Deepfake Dataset

arXiv 2311.15308 ↗First posted 26 Nov 2023cs.CVcited by 79

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Abstract (arXiv)

The detection and localization of highly realistic deepfake audio-visual content are challenging even for the most advanced state-of-the-art methods. While most of the research efforts in this domain are focused on detecting high-quality deepfake images and videos, only a few works address the problem of the localization of small segments of audio-visual manipulations embedded in real videos. In this research, we emulate the process of such content generation and propose the AV-Deepfake1M dataset. The dataset contains content-driven (i) video manipulations, (ii) audio manipulations, and (iii) audio-visual manipulations for more than 2K subjects resulting in a total of more than 1M videos. The paper provides a thorough description of the proposed data generation pipeline accompanied by a rigorous analysis of the quality of the generated data. The comprehensive benchmark of the proposed dataset utilizing state-of-the-art deepfake detection and localization methods indicates a significant drop in performance compared to previous datasets. The proposed dataset will play a vital role in building the next-generation deepfake localization methods. The dataset and associated code are available at https://github.com/ControlNet/AV-Deepfake1M .

Key facts. Cited by 79 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 63 of its 84 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 26 Nov 2023.

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63 of 84 references.

References · 63

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Citing papers per year: 2024: 14; 2025: 39; 2026: 26.

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  1. 2024Detecting Multimedia Generated by Large AI Models: A Surveycited by 73
  2. 2025Deepfake-Eval-2024: A Multi-Modal In-the-Wild Benchmark of Deepfakes Circulated in 2024cited by 40
  3. 2024Circumventing shortcuts in audio-visual deepfake detection datasets with unsupervised learningcited by 23
  4. 2025Celeb-DF++: A Large-scale Challenging Video DeepFake Benchmark for Generalizable Forensicscited by 18
  5. 2025Survey of Adversarial Robustness in Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 14
  6. 2025Forensics-Bench: A Comprehensive Forgery Detection Benchmark Suite for Large Vision Language Modelscited by 13
  7. 2024A Survey of Defenses Against AI-Generated Visual Media: Detection,Disruption, and Authenticationcited by 12
  8. 2024DiMoDif: Discourse Modality-information Differentiation for Audio-visual Deepfake Detection and Localizationcited by 12
  9. 2025Survey on AI-Generated Media Detection: From Non-MLLM to MLLMcited by 12
  10. 2024How Do Neural Spoofing Countermeasures Detect Partially Spoofed Audio?cited by 10
  11. 2025TalkingHeadBench: A Multi-Modal Benchmark & Analysis of Talking-Head DeepFake Detectioncited by 10
  12. 2025Can LLMs Find Fraudsters? Multi-level LLM Enhanced Graph Fraud Detectioncited by 10
38 more
  1. 2025A Multimodal Deviation Perceiving Framework for Weakly-Supervised Temporal Forgery Localizationcited by 8
  2. 2025AV-Deepfake1M++: A Large-Scale Audio-Visual Deepfake Benchmark with Real-World Perturbationscited by 8
  3. 2024Evolving from Single-modal to Multi-modal Facial Deepfake Detection: Progress and Challengescited by 6
  4. 2024Contextual Cross-Modal Attention for Audio-Visual Deepfake Detection and Localizationcited by 6
  5. 2024Enhancing LLM-based Autonomous Driving Agents to Mitigate Perception Attackscited by 6
  6. 2025Weakly-supervised Audio Temporal Forgery Localization via Progressive Audio-language Co-learning Networkcited by 6
  7. 2025AvatarShield: Visual Reinforcement Learning for Human-Centric Synthetic Video Detectioncited by 6
  8. 2025Tell me Habibi, is it Real or Fake?cited by 6
  9. 2025Multiverse Through Deepfakes: The MultiFakeVerse Dataset of Person-Centric Visual and Conceptual Manipulationscited by 5
  10. 2025KLASSify to Verify: Audio-Visual Deepfake Detection Using SSL-based Audio and Handcrafted Visual Featurescited by 5
  11. 2024Passive Deepfake Detection Across Multi-modalities: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 4
  12. 2024Spoof Diarization: "What Spoofed When" in Partially Spoofed Audiocited by 3
  13. 2024A Large-scale Universal Evaluation Benchmark For Face Forgery Detectioncited by 3
  14. 2025HOLA: Enhancing Audio-visual Deepfake Detection via Hierarchical Contextual Aggregations and Efficient Pre-trainingcited by 3
  15. 2025Weakly Supervised Multimodal Temporal Forgery Localization via Multitask Learningcited by 3
  16. 2025Pindrop it! Audio and Visual Deepfake Countermeasures for Robust Detection and Fine Grained-Localizationcited by 3
  17. 2025FakeParts: a New Family of AI-Generated DeepFakescited by 3
  18. 2025Bona fide Cross Testing Reveals Weak Spot in Audio Deepfake Detection Systemscited by 3
  19. 2025DeepfakeBench-MM: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Multimodal Deepfake Detectioncited by 3
  20. 2025AuViRe: Audio-visual Speech Representation Reconstruction for Deepfake Temporal Localizationcited by 3
  21. 2025DEAL-300K: Diffusion-based Editing Area Localization with a 300K-Scale Dataset and Frequency-Prompted Baselinecited by 3
  22. 2026LAVA: Layered Audio-Visual Anti-tampering Watermarking for Robust Deepfake Detection and Localizationcited by 3
  23. 2024Watermarking Large Language Models and the Generated Content: Opportunities and Challengescited by 2
  24. 2025RSFAKE-1M: A Large-Scale Dataset for Detecting Diffusion-Generated Remote Sensing Forgeriescited by 2
  25. 2025SocialDF: Benchmark Dataset and Detection Model for Mitigating Harmful Deepfake Content on Social Media Platformscited by 2
  26. 2025Context-aware TFL: A Universal Context-aware Contrastive Learning Framework for Temporal Forgery Localizationcited by 2
  27. 2025Localizing Audio-Visual Deepfakes via Hierarchical Boundary Modelingcited by 2
  28. 2025A New Dataset and Benchmark for Grounding Multimodal Misinformationcited by 2
  29. 2025Next-Frame Feature Prediction for Multimodal Deepfake Detection and Temporal Localizationcited by 2
  30. 2026Deepfake Word Detection by Next-token Prediction using Fine-tuned Whispercited by 2
  31. 2026Omni-Fake: Benchmarking Unified Multimodal Social Media Deepfake Detectioncited by 2
  32. 2026Explainable Deepfake Detection Challengecited by 2
  33. 2024The Tug-of-War Between Deepfake Generation and Detectioncited by 1
  34. 2024Inclusion 2024 Global Multimedia Deepfake Detection Challenge: Towards Multi-dimensional Face Forgery Detectioncited by 1
  35. 2025Extending Information Bottleneck Attribution to Video Sequencescited by 1
  36. 2025DeepFake Doctor: Diagnosing and Treating Audio-Video Fake Detectioncited by 1
  37. 2025METER: Multi-modal Evidence-based Thinking and Explainable Reasoning -- Algorithm and Benchmarkcited by 1
  38. 2025ERF-BA-TFD+: A Multimodal Model for Audio-Visual Deepfake Detectioncited by 1

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