mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Practical PCG Through Large Language Models

arXiv 2305.18243 ↗First posted 20 May 2023cs.CL cs.AIcited by 21

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Abstract (arXiv)

Large Language Models (LLMs) have proven to be useful tools in various domains outside of the field of their inception, which was natural language processing. In this study, we provide practical directions on how to use LLMs to generate 2D-game rooms for an under-development game, named Metavoidal. Our technique can harness the power of GPT-3 by Human-in-the-loop fine-tuning which allows our method to create 37% Playable-Novel levels from as scarce data as only 60 hand-designed rooms under a scenario of the non-trivial game, with respect to (Procedural Content Generation) PCG, that has a good amount of local and global constraints.

Key facts. Cited by 21 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 9 of its 17 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 May 2023.

Builds on

9 of 17 references.

References · 9

  1. 2020Language Models are Few-Shot Learnerscited by 32,199
  2. 2023Muse: Text-To-Image Generation via Masked Generative Transformerscited by 640
  3. 2018Reinforced Continual Learningcited by 186
  4. 2017Procedural Content Generation via Machine Learning (PCGML)cited by 136
  5. 2020Deep Learning for Procedural Content Generationcited by 73
  6. 2023Level Generation Through Large Language Modelscited by 68
  7. 2023MarioGPT: Open-Ended Text2Level Generation through Large Language Modelscited by 63
  8. 2019Bootstrapping Conditional GANs for Video Game Level Generationcited by 35
  9. 2022Augmentative Topology Agents For Open-Ended Learningcited by 3

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 10; 2025: 6; 2026: 4.

21 papers.

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  1. 2024Large Language Models and Games: A Survey and Roadmapcited by 91
  2. 2023LLMatic: Neural Architecture Search via Large Language Models and Quality Diversity Optimizationcited by 86
  3. 2024Game Generation via Large Language Modelscited by 24
  4. 2024Large Language Models and Video Games: A Preliminary Scoping Reviewcited by 23
  5. 2024Player-Driven Emergence in LLM-Driven Game Narrativecited by 16
  6. 2024Unbounded: A Generative Infinite Game of Character Life Simulationcited by 14
  7. 2026MultiGen: Level-Design for Editable Multiplayer Worlds in Diffusion Game Enginescited by 12
  8. 2024GPT for Games: A Scoping Review (2020-2023)cited by 10
  9. 2024GPT for Games: An Updated Scoping Review (2020-2024)cited by 10
  10. 2024GameTraversalBenchmark: Evaluating Planning Abilities Of Large Language Models Through Traversing 2D Game Mapscited by 8
  11. 2024Grammar-based Game Description Generation using Large Language Modelscited by 7
  12. 2025AnimeGamer: Infinite Anime Life Simulation with Next Game State Predictioncited by 7
9 more
  1. 20243D Building Generation in Minecraft via Large Language Modelscited by 3
  2. 2025Word2Minecraft: Generating 3D Game Levels through Large Language Modelscited by 3
  3. 2025Grammar and Gameplay-aligned RL for Game Description Generation with LLMscited by 2
  4. 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Eracited by 2
  5. 2025Symbolically Scaffolded Play: Designing Role-Sensitive Prompts for Generative NPC Dialoguecited by 1
  6. 2025Mortar: Evolving Mechanics for Automatic Game Designcited by 1
  7. 2026From World-Gen to Quest-Line: A Dependency-Driven Prompt Pipeline for Coherent RPG Generationcited by 1
  8. 2025Hybrid Voting-Based Task Assignment in Role-Playing Gamescited by 0
  9. 2026Procedural Content Metageneration via Program Search and Continual Abstraction Discoverycited by 0