Reinforced Continual Learning
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Abstract (arXiv)
Most artificial intelligence models have limiting ability to solve new tasks faster, without forgetting previously acquired knowledge. The recently emerging paradigm of continual learning aims to solve this issue, in which the model learns various tasks in a sequential fashion. In this work, a novel approach for continual learning is proposed, which searches for the best neural architecture for each coming task via sophisticatedly designed reinforcement learning strategies. We name it as Reinforced Continual Learning. Our method not only has good performance on preventing catastrophic forgetting but also fits new tasks well. The experiments on sequential classification tasks for variants of MNIST and CIFAR-100 datasets demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms existing continual learning alternatives for deep networks.
Key facts. Cited by 186 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 31 May 2018.
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 29; 2022: 38; 2023: 52; 2024: 35; 2025: 23; 2026: 9.
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- 2023A Comprehensive Survey of Continual Learning: Theory, Method and Applicationcited by 860
- 2021Gradient Projection Memory for Continual Learningcited by 338
- 2023Class-Incremental Learning: A Surveycited by 209
- 2023Revisiting Class-Incremental Learning with Pre-Trained Models: Generalizability and Adaptivity are All You Needcited by 183
- 2022A Model or 603 Exemplars: Towards Memory-Efficient Class-Incremental Learningcited by 152
- 2021Online Coreset Selection for Rehearsal-based Continual Learningcited by 114
- 2024Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models with Self-Synthesized Rehearsalcited by 114
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning by Sampling Multi-Phase Taskscited by 87
- 2022TRGP: Trust Region Gradient Projection for Continual Learningcited by 79
- 2023Learning without Forgetting for Vision-Language Modelscited by 79
- 2022A Theoretical Study on Solving Continual Learningcited by 78
- 2021Flattening Sharpness for Dynamic Gradient Projection Memory Benefits Continual Learningcited by 71
38 more
- 2023RMM: Reinforced Memory Management for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 66
- 2021Wide Neural Networks Forget Less Catastrophicallycited by 64
- 2023TARGET: Federated Class-Continual Learning via Exemplar-Free Distillationcited by 64
- 2021A Survey of Deep RL and IL for Autonomous Driving Policy Learningcited by 59
- 2021Few-Shot Lifelong Learningcited by 58
- 2021Recent Advances of Continual Learning in Computer Vision: An Overviewcited by 55
- 2022An Efficient Domain-Incremental Learning Approach to Drive in All Weather Conditionscited by 54
- 2021Model Zoo: A Growing "Brain" That Learns Continuallycited by 53
- 2021Efficient Feature Transformations for Discriminative and Generative Continual Learningcited by 50
- 2023Class-Incremental Exemplar Compression for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 50
- 2021Firefly Neural Architecture Descent: a General Approach for Growing Neural Networkscited by 48
- 2022Architecture Matters in Continual Learningcited by 46
- 2022Continual Normalization: Rethinking Batch Normalization for Online Continual Learningcited by 40
- 2021Co-Transport for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 38
- 2022On the Soft-Subnetwork for Few-shot Class Incremental Learningcited by 37
- 2023Online Hyperparameter Optimization for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 36
- 2024Scaling Laws for Forgetting When Fine-Tuning Large Language Modelscited by 36
- 2021Wanderlust: Online Continual Object Detection in the Real Worldcited by 34
- 2022Grow and Merge: A Unified Framework for Continuous Categories Discoverycited by 33
- 2023Continual Learning with Scaled Gradient Projectioncited by 33
- 2022Mining Unseen Classes via Regional Objectness: A Simple Baseline for Incremental Segmentationcited by 28
- 2022Building a Subspace of Policies for Scalable Continual Learningcited by 28
- 2023Artificial intelligence to advance Earth observation: : A review of models, recent trends, and pathways forwardcited by 28
- 2023Learnability and Algorithm for Continual Learningcited by 28
- 2021Learngene: From Open-World to Your Learning Taskcited by 27
- 2022Learning Bayesian Sparse Networks with Full Experience Replay for Continual Learningcited by 27
- 2021Block Contextual MDPs for Continual Learningcited by 25
- 2022Reinforced Continual Learning for Graphscited by 24
- 2023Fixed Design Analysis of Regularization-Based Continual Learningcited by 24
- 2023Catastrophic Forgetting in Deep Learning: A Comprehensive Taxonomycited by 24
- 2022Towards Exemplar-Free Continual Learning in Vision Transformers: an Account of Attention, Functional and Weight Regularizationcited by 23
- 2022You Only Live Once: Single-Life Reinforcement Learningcited by 23
- 2023Continual Face Forgery Detection via Historical Distribution Preservingcited by 23
- 2024Unleashing the Power of Continual Learning on Non-Centralized Devices: A Surveycited by 23
- 2022Continual Learning Based on OOD Detection and Task Maskingcited by 21
- 2023Practical PCG Through Large Language Modelscited by 21
- 2022Do Pre-trained Models Benefit Equally in Continual Learning?cited by 20
- 2022Learning Incrementally to Segment Multiple Organs in a CT Imagecited by 19
50 most cited of 186 All 186 (JSON)
- 2026Visual Branch is What You Need for CLIP-based Class-Incremental Learning29 Sep 2026
- 2026DRDN: Decoupled Representation Dynamic Network for From-Scratch ViT Class-Incremental Learning2 Jul 2026
- 2026Unlocking Patch-Level Features for CLIP-Based Class-Incremental Learning13 May 2026
- 2026Cross-Sample Relational Fusion: Unifying Domain Generalization and Class-Incremental Learning9 May 2026
- 2026NORACL: Neurogenesis for Oracle-free Resource-Adaptive Continual Learning29 Apr 2026
- 2026Beyond Prompt Degradation: Prototype-guided Dual-pool Prompting for Incremental Object Detection2 Mar 2026
- 2026Policy Gradient with Adaptive Entropy Annealing for Continual Fine-Tuning15 Feb 2026
- 2026CRL-VLA: Continual Vision-Language-Action Learning3 Feb 2026
- 2026Continual Learning of Achieving Forgetting-free and Positive Knowledge Transfer9 Jan 2026
- 2025Scalable Class-Incremental Learning Based on Parametric Neural Collapse26 Dec 2025
- 2025Distillation-Guided Structural Transfer for Continual Learning Beyond Sparse Distributed Memory17 Dec 2025
- 2025Pushing the Limits of Distillation-Based Continual Learning via Classifier-Proximal Lightweight Plugins3 Dec 2025
38 more
- 2025BOFA: Bridge-Layer Orthogonal Low-Rank Fusion for CLIP-Based Class-Incremental Learning14 Nov 2025
- 2025Sharing the Learned Knowledge-base to Estimate Convolutional Filter Parameters for Continual Image Restoration7 Nov 2025
- 2025Diffusion-Classifier Synergy: Reward-Aligned Learning via Mutual Boosting Loop for FSCIL4 Oct 2025
- 2025Learning Yourself: Class-Incremental Semantic Segmentation with Language-Inspired Bootstrapped Disentanglement30 Aug 2025
- 2025Continual Neural Topic Model21 Aug 2025
- 2025Continual Learning-Based Unified Model for Unpaired Image Restoration Tasks25 Jul 2025
- 2025Regression-aware Continual Learning for Android Malware Detection24 Jul 2025
- 2025RCCDA: Adaptive Model Updates in the Presence of Concept Drift under a Constrained Resource Budget30 May 2025
- 2025Reinforced Interactive Continual Learning via Real-time Noisy Human Feedback15 May 2025
- 2025Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in the Incremental Learning of Medical Images28 Apr 2025
- 2025SEE: Continual Fine-tuning with Sequential Ensemble of Experts9 Apr 2025
- 2025Progressive Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Personalized Facial Expression Recognition5 Apr 2025
- 2025Neuroplasticity in Artificial Intelligence -- An Overview and Inspirations on Drop In & Out Learning27 Mar 2025
- 2025Learn by Reasoning: Analogical Weight Generation for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning27 Mar 2025
- 2025IAP: Improving Continual Learning of Vision-Language Models via Instance-Aware Prompting26 Mar 2025
- 2025Global Convergence of Continual Learning on Non-IID Data24 Mar 2025
- 2025External Knowledge Injection for CLIP-Based Class-Incremental Learning11 Mar 2025
- 2025Personalized Class Incremental Context-Aware Food Classification for Food Intake Monitoring Systems9 Mar 2025
- 2025Neural Networks Remember More: The Power of Parameter Isolation and Combination16 Feb 2025
- 2025CSTA: Spatial-Temporal Causal Adaptive Learning for Exemplar-Free Video Class-Incremental Learning13 Jan 2025
- 2024Hierarchically Gated Experts for Efficient Online Continual Learning22 Dec 2024
- 2024Unleashing the Power of Continual Learning on Non-Centralized Devices: A Survey18 Dec 2024
- 2024Soft-TransFormers for Continual Learning25 Nov 2024
- 2024CODE-CL: Conceptor-Based Gradient Projection for Deep Continual Learning21 Nov 2024
- 2024Joint Diffusion models in Continual Learning12 Nov 2024
- 2024SAFE: Slow and Fast Parameter-Efficient Tuning for Continual Learning with Pre-Trained Models4 Nov 2024
- 2024Similarity-based context aware continual learning for spiking neural networks28 Oct 2024
- 2024Continual Learning with Neuromorphic Computing: Foundations, Methods, and Emerging Applications11 Oct 2024
- 2024Overcoming Growth-Induced Forgetting in Task-Agnostic Continual Learning20 Aug 2024
- 2024Mitigating the Stability-Plasticity Dilemma in Adaptive Train Scheduling with Curriculum-Driven Continual DQN Expansion19 Aug 2024
- 2024An Effective Dynamic Gradient Calibration Method for Continual Learning30 Jul 2024
- 2024Towards Generalizable Reinforcement Learning via Causality-Guided Self-Adaptive Representations30 Jul 2024
- 2024Enhancing Hardware Fault Tolerance in Machines with Reinforcement Learning Policy Gradient Algorithms21 Jul 2024
- 2024Continual Distillation Learning for Rehearsal-Free Class-Incremental Learning via Decoupled Prompting18 Jul 2024
- 2024Mamba-FSCIL: Dynamic Adaptation with Selective State Space Model for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning8 Jul 2024
- 2024OpenCIL: Benchmarking Out-of-Distribution Detection in Class-Incremental Learning8 Jul 2024
- 2024PECTP: Parameter-Efficient Cross-Task Prompts for Incremental Vision Transformer4 Jul 2024
- 2024Retrospective Feature Estimation for Continual Learning25 Jun 2024
50 newest of 186 All 186 (JSON)
- 2026CRL-VLA: Continual Vision-Language-Action Learningcited by 5
- 2026CRL-VLA: Continual Vision-Language-Action Learning3 Feb 2026
- 2023A Comprehensive Survey of Continual Learning: Theory, Method and Applicationcited by 860
- 2021Gradient Projection Memory for Continual Learningcited by 338
- 2023Class-Incremental Learning: A Surveycited by 209
- 2023Revisiting Class-Incremental Learning with Pre-Trained Models: Generalizability and Adaptivity are All You Needcited by 183
- 2022A Model or 603 Exemplars: Towards Memory-Efficient Class-Incremental Learningcited by 152
- 2021Online Coreset Selection for Rehearsal-based Continual Learningcited by 114
- 2024Mitigating Catastrophic Forgetting in Large Language Models with Self-Synthesized Rehearsalcited by 114
- 2022Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning by Sampling Multi-Phase Taskscited by 87
- 2022TRGP: Trust Region Gradient Projection for Continual Learningcited by 79
- 2022A Theoretical Study on Solving Continual Learningcited by 78
- 2021Flattening Sharpness for Dynamic Gradient Projection Memory Benefits Continual Learningcited by 71
- 2023RMM: Reinforced Memory Management for Class-Incremental Learningcited by 66
12 most cited of 174 All 174 (JSON)
- 2026Visual Branch is What You Need for CLIP-based Class-Incremental Learning29 Sep 2026
- 2026DRDN: Decoupled Representation Dynamic Network for From-Scratch ViT Class-Incremental Learning2 Jul 2026
- 2026Unlocking Patch-Level Features for CLIP-Based Class-Incremental Learning13 May 2026
- 2026Cross-Sample Relational Fusion: Unifying Domain Generalization and Class-Incremental Learning9 May 2026
- 2026NORACL: Neurogenesis for Oracle-free Resource-Adaptive Continual Learning29 Apr 2026
- 2026Beyond Prompt Degradation: Prototype-guided Dual-pool Prompting for Incremental Object Detection2 Mar 2026
- 2026Policy Gradient with Adaptive Entropy Annealing for Continual Fine-Tuning15 Feb 2026
- 2026Continual Learning of Achieving Forgetting-free and Positive Knowledge Transfer9 Jan 2026
- 2025Scalable Class-Incremental Learning Based on Parametric Neural Collapse26 Dec 2025
- 2025Distillation-Guided Structural Transfer for Continual Learning Beyond Sparse Distributed Memory17 Dec 2025
- 2025Pushing the Limits of Distillation-Based Continual Learning via Classifier-Proximal Lightweight Plugins3 Dec 2025
- 2025BOFA: Bridge-Layer Orthogonal Low-Rank Fusion for CLIP-Based Class-Incremental Learning14 Nov 2025
12 newest of 174 All 174 (JSON)