Task-Relevant Failure Detection for Trajectory Predictors in Autonomous Vehicles
On the map: End-to-end autonomous driving → End-to-end system architecture
Abstract (arXiv)
In modern autonomy stacks, prediction modules are paramount to planning motions in the presence of other mobile agents. However, failures in prediction modules can mislead the downstream planner into making unsafe decisions. Indeed, the high uncertainty inherent to the task of trajectory forecasting ensures that such mispredictions occur frequently. Motivated by the need to improve safety of autonomous vehicles without compromising on their performance, we develop a probabilistic run-time monitor that detects when a "harmful" prediction failure occurs, i.e., a task-relevant failure detector. We achieve this by propagating trajectory prediction errors to the planning cost to reason about their impact on the AV. Furthermore, our detector comes equipped with performance measures on the false-positive and the false-negative rate and allows for data-free calibration. In our experiments we compared our detector with various others and found that our detector has the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in End-to-end system architecture, one of 9 directions in End-to-end autonomous driving. Builds on 31 of its 48 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Jul 2022.
Builds on
31 of 48 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2022Control-Aware Prediction Objectives for Autonomous Driving28 Apr
- 2021NuPlan: A closed-loop ML-based planning benchmark for autonomous vehicles22 Jun
- 2021End-to-end Interpretable Neural Motion Planner17 Jan
Other references · 28
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
- 2016A Baseline for Detecting Misclassified and Out-of-Distribution Examples in Neural Networkscited by 2,385
- 2018A Simple Unified Framework for Detecting Out-of-Distribution Samples and Adversarial Attackscited by 1,485
- 2019Scaling Out-of-Distribution Detection for Real-World Settingscited by 465
- 2020A Unifying Review of Deep and Shallow Anomaly Detectioncited by 425
- 2019Human Motion Trajectory Prediction: A Surveycited by 232
- 2017On a Formal Model of Safe and Scalable Self-driving Carscited by 131
- 2018Baidu Apollo EM Motion Plannercited by 100
- 2017Multimodal Probabilistic Model-Based Planning for Human-Robot Interactioncited by 50
- 2020Real-time Out-of-distribution Detection in Learning-Enabled Cyber-Physical Systemscited by 46
- 2018Open Category Detection with PAC Guaranteescited by 35
- 2021Sketching Curvature for Efficient Out-of-Distribution Detection for Deep Neural Networkscited by 32
16 more
- 2020MATS: An Interpretable Trajectory Forecasting Representation for Planning and Controlcited by 30
- 2022Sim-to-Lab-to-Real: Safe Reinforcement Learning with Shielding and Generalization Guaranteescited by 27
- 2020On Infusing Reachability-Based Safety Assurance within Planning Frameworks for Human-Robot Vehicle Interactionscited by 25
- 2021Safety Assurances for Human-Robot Interaction via Confidence-aware Game-theoretic Human Modelscited by 21
- 2021Injecting Planning-Awareness into Prediction and Detection Evaluationcited by 21
- 2022Failure Prediction with Statistical Guarantees for Vision-Based Robot Controlcited by 21
- 2021Heterogeneous-Agent Trajectory Forecasting Incorporating Class Uncertaintycited by 19
- 2019Uncertainty-Based Out-of-Distribution Classification in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 15
- 2021Anomaly Detection in Multi-Agent Trajectories for Automated Drivingcited by 15
- 2021MTP: Multi-Hypothesis Tracking and Prediction for Reduced Error Propagationcited by 14
- 2021RLAD: Time Series Anomaly Detection through Reinforcement Learning and Active Learningcited by 13
- 2021SHARP: Shielding-Aware Robust Planning for Safe and Efficient Human-Robot Interactioncited by 12
- 2020Policy Entropy for Out-of-Distribution Classificationcited by 11
- 2020Reactive motion planning with probabilistic safety guaranteescited by 10
- 2020Leveraging Neural Network Gradients within Trajectory Optimization for Proactive Human-Robot Interactionscited by 9
- 2020Detecting Rewards Deterioration in Episodic Reinforcement Learningcited by 8
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 1; 2023: 4; 2024: 1; 2025: 1; 2026: 4.
11 papers.
- 2024Driving Everywhere with Large Language Model Policy Adaptationcited by 53
- 2023What Truly Matters in Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving?cited by 17
- 2022Benchmark for Models Predicting Human Behavior in Gap Acceptance Scenarioscited by 5
- 2023iPLAN: Intent-Aware Planning in Heterogeneous Traffic via Distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
- 2025Out-of-Distribution Detection for Safety Assurance of AI and Autonomous Systemscited by 2
- 2026Early Warning Signals for OpenVLA Failure under Visual Distribution Shiftcited by 2
- 2026CURA: Certified Runtime Alarms for Computer-Use Agentscited by 1
- 2023Learned Tree Search for Long-Horizon Social Robot Navigation in Shared Airspacecited by 0
- 2023Distribution and volume based scoring for Isolation Forestscited by 0
- 2026StepReflect: Structured UI Transition Reflection for Mobile GUI Agentscited by 0
- 2026Auditing Latent-Space Monitors for Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Auditing Latent-Space Monitors for Autonomous Driving24 Sep 2026
- 2026CURA: Certified Runtime Alarms for Computer-Use Agents28 Aug 2026
- 2026StepReflect: Structured UI Transition Reflection for Mobile GUI Agents6 Aug 2026
- 2026Early Warning Signals for OpenVLA Failure under Visual Distribution Shift29 Jun 2026
- 2025Out-of-Distribution Detection for Safety Assurance of AI and Autonomous Systems24 Oct 2025
- 2024Driving Everywhere with Large Language Model Policy Adaptation8 Feb 2024
- 2023Distribution and volume based scoring for Isolation Forests20 Sep 2023
- 2023What Truly Matters in Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving?27 Jun 2023
- 2023iPLAN: Intent-Aware Planning in Heterogeneous Traffic via Distributed Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning9 Jun 2023
- 2023Learned Tree Search for Long-Horizon Social Robot Navigation in Shared Airspace4 Apr 2023
- 2022Benchmark for Models Predicting Human Behavior in Gap Acceptance Scenarios10 Nov 2022
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2025Measuring What Matters: Scenario-Driven Evaluation for Trajectory Predictors in Autonomous Driving
- 2025Adaptive Multi-Mode Out-of-Distribution Detection for Trajectory Prediction in Autonomous Vehicles
- 2018Towards a Fatality-Aware Benchmark of Probabilistic Reaction Prediction in Highly Interactive Driving Scenarios
- 2026Towards Safe Autonomous Driving: A Real-Time Motion Planning Algorithm on Embedded Hardware
- 2024Prediction Horizon Requirements for Automated Driving: Optimizing Safety, Comfort, and Efficiency
- 2026DriveVer: Lightweight Trajectory Evaluator as Test-Time Verifier for Autonomous Driving
- 2025Collision Risk Estimation via Loss Prediction in End-to-End Autonomous Driving
- 2026Importance Sampling and PCA for Finding Failures in Commercial Autonomous Vehicles