mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

DriveVer: Lightweight Trajectory Evaluator as Test-Time Verifier for Autonomous Driving

arXiv 2607.00399 ↗First posted 1 Jul 2026cs.CVcited by 1

On the map: End-to-end autonomous driving → End-to-end system architecture

Abstract (arXiv)

End-to-end autonomous driving models often encounter performance bottlenecks, as training-time scaling leads to high computational costs and diminishing marginal returns. Existing planners typically adopt a one-shot generation paradigm, lacking secondary validation and active correction mechanisms to detect and revise suboptimal or unsafe trajectories during inference. To address this issue, we propose DriveVer, a lightweight, plug-and-play Test-Time Verifier that leverages the test-time scaling paradigm to enable autonomous driving systems to validate and refine trajectories without costly and heavy training. We construct a dedicated trajectory dataset based on the NAVSIM benchmark through condition-driven clustering and balanced sampling according to ego-vehicle states and navigation commands. Employing a dual-head architecture, DriveVer efficiently fuses candidate trajectories with multi-view visual representations and ego-vehicle kinematic features to simultaneously predict a safety confidence score and an absolute geometric refinement vector. Extensive experiments on the NAVSIM benchmark show that DriveVer significantly improves the performance of base planning models. Notably, as an extremely compact model with only 34M parameters, DriveVer introduces minimal computational overhead, achieving competitive results while maintaining real-time inference efficiency.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in End-to-end system architecture, one of 9 directions in End-to-end autonomous driving. Builds on 35 of its 37 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Jul 2026.

Builds on

35 of 37 references.

Closest ancestors · 7

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2026Driving on Registers8 Jan
  2. 2025End-to-End Driving with Online Trajectory Evaluation via BEV World Model2 Apr
  3. 2025Hydra-NeXt: Robust Closed-Loop Driving with Open-Loop Training15 Mar
  4. 2024NAVSIM: Data-Driven Non-Reactive Autonomous Vehicle Simulation and Benchmarking21 Jun
  5. 2023End-to-end Autonomous Driving: Challenges and Frontiers29 Jun
  6. 2022TransFuser: Imitation with Transformer-Based Sensor Fusion for Autonomous Driving31 May
  7. 2021NuPlan: A closed-loop ML-based planning benchmark for autonomous vehicles22 Jun

Other references · 28

  1. 2022Planning-oriented Autonomous Drivingcited by 1,068
  2. 2023VAD: Vectorized Scene Representation for Efficient Autonomous Drivingcited by 613
  3. 2024DiffusionDrive: Truncated Diffusion Model for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 324
  4. 2024VADv2: End-to-End Vectorized Autonomous Driving via Probabilistic Planningcited by 287
  5. 2023NuScenes-QA: A Multi-modal Visual Question Answering Benchmark for Autonomous Driving Scenariocited by 258
  6. 2025AutoVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model for End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Adaptive Reasoning and Reinforcement Fine-Tuningcited by 252
  7. 2024Hydra-MDP: End-to-end Multimodal Planning with Multi-target Hydra-Distillationcited by 244
  8. 2024EMMA: End-to-End Multimodal Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 226
  9. 2025A Survey on Test-Time Scaling in Large Language Models: What, How, Where, and How Well?cited by 215
  10. 2025ReCogDrive: A Reinforced Cognitive Framework for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 190
  11. 2024Senna: Bridging Large Vision-Language Models and End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 156
  12. 2025Pseudo-Simulation for Autonomous Drivingcited by 141
16 more
  1. 2025DriveVLA-W0: World Models Amplify Data Scaling Law in Autonomous Drivingcited by 127
  2. 2025GoalFlow: Goal-Driven Flow Matching for Multimodal Trajectories Generation in End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 117
  3. 2025AlphaDrive: Unleashing the Power of VLMs in Autonomous Driving via Reinforcement Learning and Reasoningcited by 108
  4. 2024OpenEMMA: Open-Source Multimodal Model for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 93
  5. 2025A Survey on Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Drivingcited by 72
  6. 2025AdaThinkDrive: Adaptive Thinking via Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 57
  7. 2025Vision-Language-Action Models for Autonomous Driving: Past, Present, and Futurecited by 32
  8. 2026LaST-VLA: Thinking in Latent Spatio-Temporal Space for Vision-Language-Action in Autonomous Drivingcited by 26
  9. 2025Sce2DriveX: A Generalized MLLM Framework for Scene-to-Drive Learningcited by 25
  10. 2025ReasonPlan: Unified Scene Prediction and Decision Reasoning for Closed-loop Autonomous Drivingcited by 22
  11. 2026Unleashing VLA Potentials in Autonomous Driving via Explicit Learning from Failurescited by 17
  12. 2026MindDriver: Introducing Progressive Multimodal Reasoning for Autonomous Drivingcited by 10
  13. 2025MTRDrive: Memory-Tool Synergistic Reasoning for Robust Autonomous Driving in Corner Casescited by 9
  14. 2026Xiaomi OneVL: One-Step Latent Reasoning and Planning with Vision-Language Explanationcited by 9
  15. 2026VILTA: A VLM-in-the-Loop Adversary for Enhancing Driving Policy Robustnesscited by 6
  16. 2026DriveReward: A Comprehensive Dataset and Generative Vision-Language Reward Model for Autonomous Drivingcited by 1

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Measuring What Matters: Scenario-Driven Evaluation for Trajectory Predictors in Autonomous Driving
  2. 2025PlanT 2.0: Exposing Biases and Structural Flaws in Closed-Loop Driving
  3. 2023Machine Learning for Autonomous Vehicle's Trajectory Prediction: A comprehensive survey, Challenges, and Future Research Directions
  4. 2026Fail2Drive: Benchmarking Closed-Loop Driving Generalization
  5. 2026SparseDriveV2: Scoring is All You Need for End-to-End Autonomous Driving
  6. 2024DriveGPT: Scaling Autoregressive Behavior Models for Driving
  7. 2026HiDrive: A Closed-Loop Benchmark for High-Level Autonomous Driving
  8. 2025Centaur: Robust End-to-End Autonomous Driving with Test-Time Training