mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

Waymo Open Dataset: Panoramic Video Panoptic Segmentation

arXiv 2206.07704 ↗First posted 15 Jun 2022cs.CVcited by 58

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Abstract (arXiv)

Panoptic image segmentation is the computer vision task of finding groups of pixels in an image and assigning semantic classes and object instance identifiers to them. Research in image segmentation has become increasingly popular due to its critical applications in robotics and autonomous driving. The research community thereby relies on publicly available benchmark dataset to advance the state-of-the-art in computer vision. Due to the high costs of densely labeling the images, however, there is a shortage of publicly available ground truth labels that are suitable for panoptic segmentation. The high labeling costs also make it challenging to extend existing datasets to the video domain and to multi-camera setups. We therefore present the Waymo Open Dataset: Panoramic Video Panoptic Segmentation Dataset, a large-scale dataset that offers high-quality panoptic segmentation labels for autonomous driving. We generate our dataset using the publicly available Waymo Open Dataset, leveraging the diverse set of camera images. Our labels are consistent over time for video processing and consistent across multiple cameras mounted on the vehicles for full panoramic scene understanding. Specifically, we offer labels for 28 semantic categories and 2,860 temporal sequences that were captured by five cameras mounted on autonomous vehicles driving in three different geographical locations, leading to a total of 100k labeled camera images. To the best of our knowledge, this makes our dataset an order of magnitude larger than existing datasets that offer video panoptic segmentation labels. We further propose a new benchmark for Panoramic Video Panoptic Segmentation and establish a number of strong baselines based on the DeepLab family of models. We will make the benchmark and the code publicly available. Find the dataset at https://waymo.com/open.

Key facts. Cited by 58 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 56 of its 89 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 15 Jun 2022.

Builds on

56 of 89 references.

References · 56

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38 more
  1. 2018Panoptic Segmentationcited by 802
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  3. 2016Performance Measures and a Data Set for Multi-Target, Multi-Camera Trackingcited by 692
  4. 2019Panoptic Feature Pyramid Networkscited by 645
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  12. 2018The ApolloScape Open Dataset for Autonomous Driving and its Applicationcited by 190
  13. 2020A2D2: Audi Autonomous Driving Datasetcited by 190
  14. 2019UPSNet: A Unified Panoptic Segmentation Networkcited by 175
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  16. 2014Simultaneous Detection and Segmentationcited by 159
  17. 2021Offboard 3D Object Detection from Point Cloud Sequencescited by 145
  18. 2019WoodScape: A multi-task, multi-camera fisheye dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 144
  19. 2020Video Panoptic Segmentationcited by 142
  20. 2020MOTChallenge: A Benchmark for Single-Camera Multiple Target Trackingcited by 136
  21. 2019CityFlow: A City-Scale Benchmark for Multi-Target Multi-Camera Vehicle Tracking and Re-Identificationcited by 119
  22. 2019Seamless Scene Segmentationcited by 112
  23. 2020ViP-DeepLab: Learning Visual Perception with Depth-aware Video Panoptic Segmentationcited by 96
  24. 2019PolyTransform: Deep Polygon Transformer for Instance Segmentationcited by 92
  25. 2018Features for Multi-Target Multi-Camera Tracking and Re-Identificationcited by 88
  26. 2019SSAP: Single-Shot Instance Segmentation With Affinity Pyramidcited by 85
  27. 2021GeoSim: Realistic Video Simulation via Geometry-Aware Composition for Self-Drivingcited by 75
  28. 2019Autolabeling 3D Objects with Differentiable Rendering of SDF Shape Priorscited by 74
  29. 2021STEP: Segmenting and Tracking Every Pixelcited by 73
  30. 2018Attention-guided Unified Network for Panoptic Segmentationcited by 71
  31. 2020World-Consistent Video-to-Video Synthesiscited by 69
  32. 2019DeeperLab: Single-Shot Image Parsercited by 63
  33. 2019Orientation-aware Semantic Segmentation on Icosahedron Spherescited by 53
  34. 2021Capturing Omni-Range Context for Omnidirectional Segmentationcited by 50
  35. 2019An End-to-End Network for Panoptic Segmentationcited by 46
  36. 2017Deep Occlusion Reasoning for Multi-Camera Multi-Target Detectioncited by 42
  37. 2021Auto4D: Learning to Label 4D Objects from Sequential Point Cloudscited by 42
  38. 2021MMPTRACK: Large-scale Densely Annotated Multi-camera Multiple People Tracking Benchmarkcited by 29

50 most cited of 56 All 56 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 3; 2023: 10; 2024: 15; 2025: 17; 2026: 13.

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  1. 2024NeuroNCAP: Photorealistic Closed-loop Safety Testing for Autonomous Drivingcited by 62
  2. 2022LidarGait: Benchmarking 3D Gait Recognition with Point Cloudscited by 55
  3. 2023Invariant Slot Attention: Object Discovery with Slot-Centric Reference Framescited by 51
  4. 2022Behind Every Domain There is a Shift: Adapting Distortion-aware Vision Transformers for Panoramic Semantic Segmentationcited by 46
  5. 2024MUSES: The Multi-Sensor Semantic Perception Dataset for Driving under Uncertaintycited by 32
  6. 2025DepthLM: Metric Depth From Vision Language Modelscited by 30
  7. 2024CRKD: Enhanced Camera-Radar Object Detection with Cross-modality Knowledge Distillationcited by 28
  8. 2023GINA-3D: Learning to Generate Implicit Neural Assets in the Wildcited by 25
  9. 2025A Survey of Representation Learning, Optimization Strategies, and Applications for Omnidirectional Visioncited by 24
  10. 2023UC-NeRF: Neural Radiance Field for Under-Calibrated Multi-view Cameras in Autonomous Drivingcited by 23
  11. 2025Are Multimodal Large Language Models Ready for Omnidirectional Spatial Reasoning?cited by 23
  12. 2023Learning to Adapt SAM for Segmenting Cross-domain Point Cloudscited by 20
38 more
  1. 2023Dynamo-Depth: Fixing Unsupervised Depth Estimation for Dynamical Scenescited by 20
  2. 2023PanoVOS: Bridging Non-panoramic and Panoramic Views with Transformer for Video Segmentationcited by 18
  3. 2024Open Panoramic Segmentationcited by 17
  4. 2024ViCaS: A Dataset for Combining Holistic and Pixel-level Video Understanding using Captions with Grounded Segmentationcited by 17
  5. 2022Panoramic Panoptic Segmentation: Insights Into Surrounding Parsing for Mobile Agents via Unsupervised Contrastive Learningcited by 14
  6. 2024DCPI-Depth: Explicitly Infusing Dense Correspondence Prior to Unsupervised Monocular Depth Estimationcited by 13
  7. 2025Omnidirectional Multi-Object Trackingcited by 13
  8. 2024PIP-Net: Pedestrian Intention Prediction in the Wildcited by 11
  9. 2024JRDB-PanoTrack: An Open-world Panoptic Segmentation and Tracking Robotic Dataset in Crowded Human Environmentscited by 11
  10. 2023PanopticNeRF-360: Panoramic 3D-to-2D Label Transfer in Urban Scenescited by 10
  11. 2026BridgeSim: Unveiling the OL-CL Gap in End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
  12. 2024LiHi-GS: LiDAR-Supervised Gaussian Splatting for Highway Driving Scene Reconstructioncited by 8
  13. 2025V2X-ReaLO: An Open Online Framework and Dataset for Cooperative Perception in Realitycited by 8
  14. 2025Leader360V: The Large-scale, Real-world 360 Video Dataset for Multi-task Learning in Diverse Environmentcited by 8
  15. 2024Occlusion-Aware Seamless Segmentationcited by 7
  16. 2023FishDreamer: Towards Fisheye Semantic Completion via Unified Image Outpainting and Segmentationcited by 6
  17. 2024XLM for Autonomous Driving Systems: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 5
  18. 2024Just Add 100 More: Augmenting NeRF-based Pseudo-LiDAR Point Cloud for Resolving Class-imbalance Problemcited by 4
  19. 2025Unlocking Constraints: Source-Free Occlusion-Aware Seamless Segmentationcited by 4
  20. 2025OmniTrack++: Omnidirectional Multi-Object Tracking by Learning Large-FoV Trajectory Feedbackcited by 4
  21. 2026Towards Foundation Models for 3D Scene Understanding: Instance-Aware Self-Supervised Learning for Point Cloudscited by 4
  22. 2023A Simple Video Segmenter by Tracking Objects Along Axial Trajectoriescited by 3
  23. 2024MOD-UV: Learning Mobile Object Detectors from Unlabeled Videoscited by 2
  24. 2025A Comprehensive Survey on Video Scene Parsing:Advances, Challenges, and Prospectscited by 2
  25. 2026VLM3: Vision Language Models Are Native 3D Learnerscited by 2
  26. 2026IGGT4D: Streaming 4D Instance-Grounded Geometry Transformercited by 2
  27. 2024Automated Vehicles at Unsignalized Intersections: Safety and Efficiency Implications of Mixed Human and Automated Trafficcited by 1
  28. 2025LMFormer: Lane based Motion Prediction Transformercited by 1
  29. 2025A Synthetic Benchmark for Collaborative 3D Semantic Occupancy Prediction in V2X-Enabled Autonomous Drivingcited by 1
  30. 2025Controllable risk scenario generation from human crash data for autonomous vehicle testingcited by 1
  31. 2026Pixel-to-4D: Camera-Controlled Image-to-Video Generation with Dynamic 3D Gaussianscited by 1
  32. 2026Scene-Centric Unsupervised Video Panoptic Segmentationcited by 1
  33. 2023STRIDE: Street View-based Environmental Feature Detection and Pedestrian Collision Predictioncited by 0
  34. 2024VRSO: Visual-Centric Reconstruction for Static Object Annotationcited by 0
  35. 2025LiDAR-Guided Monocular 3D Object Detection for Long-Range Railway Monitoringcited by 0
  36. 2025Enriched Feature Representation and Motion Prediction Module for MOSEv2 Track of 7th LSVOS Challenge: 3rd Place Solutioncited by 0
  37. 2025IMKD: Intensity-Aware Multi-Level Knowledge Distillation for Camera-Radar Fusioncited by 0
  38. 2025SAVeD: A First-Person Social Media Video Dataset for ADAS-equipped vehicle Near-Miss and Crash Event Analysescited by 0

50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)