GINA-3D: Learning to Generate Implicit Neural Assets in the Wild
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Abstract (arXiv)
Modeling the 3D world from sensor data for simulation is a scalable way of developing testing and validation environments for robotic learning problems such as autonomous driving. However, manually creating or re-creating real-world-like environments is difficult, expensive, and not scalable. Recent generative model techniques have shown promising progress to address such challenges by learning 3D assets using only plentiful 2D images -- but still suffer limitations as they leverage either human-curated image datasets or renderings from manually-created synthetic 3D environments. In this paper, we introduce GINA-3D, a generative model that uses real-world driving data from camera and LiDAR sensors to create realistic 3D implicit neural assets of diverse vehicles and pedestrians. Compared to the existing image datasets, the real-world driving setting poses new challenges due to occlusions, lighting-variations and long-tail distributions. GINA-3D tackles these challenges by decoupling representation learning and generative modeling into two stages with a learned tri-plane latent structure, inspired by recent advances in generative modeling of images. To evaluate our approach, we construct a large-scale object-centric dataset containing over 1.2M images of vehicles and pedestrians from the Waymo Open Dataset, and a new set of 80K images of long-tail instances such as construction equipment, garbage trucks, and cable cars. We compare our model with existing approaches and demonstrate that it achieves state-of-the-art performance in quality and diversity for both generated images and geometries.
Key facts. Cited by 25 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 128 of its 161 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Apr 2023.
Builds on
128 of 161 references.
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50 most cited of 128 All 128 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2023: 7; 2024: 9; 2025: 3; 2026: 6.
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- 2023LRM: Large Reconstruction Model for Single Image to 3Dcited by 849
- 2024GRM: Large Gaussian Reconstruction Model for Efficient 3D Reconstruction and Generationcited by 301
- 2023Triplane Meets Gaussian Splatting: Fast and Generalizable Single-View 3D Reconstruction with Transformerscited by 258
- 2024Street Gaussians: Modeling Dynamic Urban Scenes with Gaussian Splattingcited by 221
- 2023DMV3D: Denoising Multi-View Diffusion using 3D Large Reconstruction Modelcited by 214
- 2023Gen2Sim: Scaling up Robot Learning in Simulation with Generative Modelscited by 64
- 2024LRM-Zero: Training Large Reconstruction Models with Synthesized Datacited by 35
- 2024TetSphere Splatting: Representing High-Quality Geometry with Lagrangian Volumetric Meshescited by 21
- 2023NViST: In the Wild New View Synthesis from a Single Image with Transformerscited by 19
- 2023CAD: Photorealistic 3D Generation via Adversarial Distillationcited by 18
- 2025R3D2: Realistic 3D Asset Insertion via Diffusion for Autonomous Driving Simulationcited by 18
- 2024GenMM: Geometrically and Temporally Consistent Multimodal Data Generation for Video and LiDARcited by 12
13 more
- 2024Multi-View Large Reconstruction Model via Geometry-Aware Positional Encoding and Attentioncited by 6
- 2025Realistic and Controllable 3D Gaussian-Guided Object Editing for Driving Video Generationcited by 6
- 2026GenAssets: Generating in-the-wild 3D Assets in Latent Spacecited by 4
- 2023Car-Studio: Learning Car Radiance Fields from Single-View and Endless In-the-wild Imagescited by 3
- 2024G-NeRF: Geometry-enhanced Novel View Synthesis from Single-View Imagescited by 3
- 2024Enhancing 2D Representation Learning with a 3D Priorcited by 3
- 2026Asset Harvester: Extracting 3D Assets from Autonomous Driving Logs for Simulationcited by 2
- 2024Inverse Neural Rendering for Explainable Multi-Object Trackingcited by 1
- 2026Unposed-to-3D: Learning Simulation-Ready Vehicles from Real-World Imagescited by 1
- 20263DCarGen: Scalable 3D Car Generation via 3D-consistent Multi-view Synthesiscited by 1
- 2025HumanCrafter: Synergizing Generalizable Human Reconstruction and Semantic 3D Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026MM-TRELLIS: Point-Cloud Guided Multi-Modal 3D Vehicle Generation in Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026HiFiVe: High-Fidelity Vehicle Generation Leveraging Auto-Regressive 2D Generative Priorscited by 0
- 2026HiFiVe: High-Fidelity Vehicle Generation Leveraging Auto-Regressive 2D Generative Priors24 Jun 2026
- 2026MM-TRELLIS: Point-Cloud Guided Multi-Modal 3D Vehicle Generation in Autonomous Driving23 Jun 2026
- 20263DCarGen: Scalable 3D Car Generation via 3D-consistent Multi-view Synthesis23 Jun 2026
- 2026GenAssets: Generating in-the-wild 3D Assets in Latent Space24 Apr 2026
- 2026Unposed-to-3D: Learning Simulation-Ready Vehicles from Real-World Images21 Apr 2026
- 2026Asset Harvester: Extracting 3D Assets from Autonomous Driving Logs for Simulation20 Apr 2026
- 2025HumanCrafter: Synergizing Generalizable Human Reconstruction and Semantic 3D Segmentation1 Nov 2025
- 2025Realistic and Controllable 3D Gaussian-Guided Object Editing for Driving Video Generation28 Aug 2025
- 2025R3D2: Realistic 3D Asset Insertion via Diffusion for Autonomous Driving Simulation9 Jun 2025
- 2024GenMM: Geometrically and Temporally Consistent Multimodal Data Generation for Video and LiDAR15 Jun 2024
- 2024LRM-Zero: Training Large Reconstruction Models with Synthesized Data13 Jun 2024
- 2024Multi-View Large Reconstruction Model via Geometry-Aware Positional Encoding and Attention11 Jun 2024
13 more
- 2024Enhancing 2D Representation Learning with a 3D Prior4 Jun 2024
- 2024TetSphere Splatting: Representing High-Quality Geometry with Lagrangian Volumetric Meshes30 May 2024
- 2024Inverse Neural Rendering for Explainable Multi-Object Tracking18 Apr 2024
- 2024G-NeRF: Geometry-enhanced Novel View Synthesis from Single-View Images11 Apr 2024
- 2024GRM: Large Gaussian Reconstruction Model for Efficient 3D Reconstruction and Generation21 Mar 2024
- 2024Street Gaussians: Modeling Dynamic Urban Scenes with Gaussian Splatting2 Jan 2024
- 2023Triplane Meets Gaussian Splatting: Fast and Generalizable Single-View 3D Reconstruction with Transformers14 Dec 2023
- 2023NViST: In the Wild New View Synthesis from a Single Image with Transformers13 Dec 2023
- 2023CAD: Photorealistic 3D Generation via Adversarial Distillation11 Dec 2023
- 2023DMV3D: Denoising Multi-View Diffusion using 3D Large Reconstruction Model15 Nov 2023
- 2023LRM: Large Reconstruction Model for Single Image to 3D8 Nov 2023
- 2023Gen2Sim: Scaling up Robot Learning in Simulation with Generative Models27 Oct 2023
- 2023Car-Studio: Learning Car Radiance Fields from Single-View and Endless In-the-wild Images26 Jul 2023
- 2023LRM: Large Reconstruction Model for Single Image to 3Dcited by 849
- 2024GRM: Large Gaussian Reconstruction Model for Efficient 3D Reconstruction and Generationcited by 301
- 2023Triplane Meets Gaussian Splatting: Fast and Generalizable Single-View 3D Reconstruction with Transformerscited by 258
- 2023DMV3D: Denoising Multi-View Diffusion using 3D Large Reconstruction Modelcited by 214
- 2023Gen2Sim: Scaling up Robot Learning in Simulation with Generative Modelscited by 64
- 2024LRM-Zero: Training Large Reconstruction Models with Synthesized Datacited by 35
- 2024TetSphere Splatting: Representing High-Quality Geometry with Lagrangian Volumetric Meshescited by 21
- 2023NViST: In the Wild New View Synthesis from a Single Image with Transformerscited by 19
- 2025R3D2: Realistic 3D Asset Insertion via Diffusion for Autonomous Driving Simulationcited by 18
- 2024GenMM: Geometrically and Temporally Consistent Multimodal Data Generation for Video and LiDARcited by 12
- 2024Multi-View Large Reconstruction Model via Geometry-Aware Positional Encoding and Attentioncited by 6
- 2025Realistic and Controllable 3D Gaussian-Guided Object Editing for Driving Video Generationcited by 6
12 most cited of 21 All 21 (JSON)
- 2026HiFiVe: High-Fidelity Vehicle Generation Leveraging Auto-Regressive 2D Generative Priors24 Jun 2026
- 2026MM-TRELLIS: Point-Cloud Guided Multi-Modal 3D Vehicle Generation in Autonomous Driving23 Jun 2026
- 20263DCarGen: Scalable 3D Car Generation via 3D-consistent Multi-view Synthesis23 Jun 2026
- 2026Unposed-to-3D: Learning Simulation-Ready Vehicles from Real-World Images21 Apr 2026
- 2025HumanCrafter: Synergizing Generalizable Human Reconstruction and Semantic 3D Segmentation1 Nov 2025
- 2025Realistic and Controllable 3D Gaussian-Guided Object Editing for Driving Video Generation28 Aug 2025
- 2025R3D2: Realistic 3D Asset Insertion via Diffusion for Autonomous Driving Simulation9 Jun 2025
- 2024GenMM: Geometrically and Temporally Consistent Multimodal Data Generation for Video and LiDAR15 Jun 2024
- 2024LRM-Zero: Training Large Reconstruction Models with Synthesized Data13 Jun 2024
- 2024Multi-View Large Reconstruction Model via Geometry-Aware Positional Encoding and Attention11 Jun 2024
- 2024Enhancing 2D Representation Learning with a 3D Prior4 Jun 2024
- 2024TetSphere Splatting: Representing High-Quality Geometry with Lagrangian Volumetric Meshes30 May 2024
12 newest of 21 All 21 (JSON)