mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Dual Spoof Disentanglement Generation for Face Anti-spoofing with Depth Uncertainty Learning

arXiv 2112.00568 ↗First posted 1 Dec 2021cs.CVcited by 20

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Abstract (arXiv)

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) plays a vital role in preventing face recognition systems from presentation attacks. Existing face anti-spoofing datasets lack diversity due to the insufficient identity and insignificant variance, which limits the generalization ability of FAS model. In this paper, we propose Dual Spoof Disentanglement Generation (DSDG) framework to tackle this challenge by "anti-spoofing via generation". Depending on the interpretable factorized latent disentanglement in Variational Autoencoder (VAE), DSDG learns a joint distribution of the identity representation and the spoofing pattern representation in the latent space. Then, large-scale paired live and spoofing images can be generated from random noise to boost the diversity of the training set. However, some generated face images are partially distorted due to the inherent defect of VAE. Such noisy samples are hard to predict precise depth values, thus may obstruct the widely-used depth supervised optimization. To tackle this issue, we further introduce a lightweight Depth Uncertainty Module (DUM), which alleviates the adverse effects of noisy samples by depth uncertainty learning. DUM is developed without extra-dependency, thus can be flexibly integrated with any depth supervised network for face anti-spoofing. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed method on five popular benchmarks and achieve state-of-the-art results under both intra- and inter- test settings. The codes are available at https://github.com/JDAI-CV/FaceX-Zoo/tree/main/addition_module/DSDG.

Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 53 of its 91 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Dec 2021.

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53 of 91 references.

References · 53

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38 more
  1. 2020Data Uncertainty Learning in Face Recognitioncited by 134
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  4. 2020NAS-FAS: Static-Dynamic Central Difference Network Search for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 104
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 7; 2024: 6; 2025: 2.

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  1. 2024Test-Time Domain Generalization for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 20
  2. 2024Towards Data-Centric Face Anti-Spoofing: Improving Cross-domain Generalization via Physics-based Data Synthesiscited by 16
  3. 2023S-Adapter: Generalizing Vision Transformer for Face Anti-Spoofing with Statistical Tokenscited by 11
  4. 2024DiffFAS: Face Anti-Spoofing via Generative Diffusion Modelscited by 7
  5. 2023Domain Generalization via Ensemble Stacking for Face Presentation Attack Detectioncited by 6
  6. 2023RetouchingFFHQ: A Large-scale Dataset for Fine-grained Face Retouching Detectioncited by 5
  7. 2023Towards A Robust Group-level Emotion Recognition via Uncertainty-Aware Learningcited by 4
  8. 2022Exposing Fine-Grained Adversarial Vulnerability of Face Anti-Spoofing Modelscited by 3
  9. 2022Learning Polysemantic Spoof Trace: A Multi-Modal Disentanglement Network for Face Anti-spoofingcited by 3
  10. 2025FA^{3}-CLIP: Frequency-Aware Cues Fusion and Attack-Agnostic Prompt Learning for Unified Face Attack Detectioncited by 3
  11. 2023Wild Face Anti-Spoofing Challenge 2023: Benchmark and Resultscited by 2
  12. 2024Rethinking the Threat and Accessibility of Adversarial Attacks against Face Recognition Systemscited by 2
8 more
  1. 2025Agentic Satellite-Augmented Low-Altitude Economy and Terrestrial Networks: A Survey on Generative Approachescited by 2
  2. 2022Post-Train Adaptive MobileNet for Fast Anti-Spoofingcited by 1
  3. 2022Race Bias Analysis of Bona Fide Errors in face anti-spoofingcited by 1
  4. 2023EnfoMax: Domain Entropy and Mutual Information Maximization for Domain Generalized Face Anti-spoofingcited by 1
  5. 2023Flow-Attention-based Spatio-Temporal Aggregation Network for 3D Mask Detectioncited by 1
  6. 2024Dual Teacher Knowledge Distillation with Domain Alignment for Face Anti-spoofingcited by 1
  7. 2024Exploring Depth Information for Detecting Manipulated Face Videoscited by 1
  8. 2022Exploring Depth Information for Face Manipulation Detectioncited by 0