mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

On Disentangling Spoof Trace for Generic Face Anti-Spoofing

arXiv 2007.09273 ↗First posted 17 Jul 2020cs.CVcited by 62

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Abstract (arXiv)

Prior studies show that the key to face anti-spoofing lies in the subtle image pattern, termed "spoof trace", e.g., color distortion, 3D mask edge, Moire pattern, and many others. Designing a generic anti-spoofing model to estimate those spoof traces can improve not only the generalization of the spoof detection, but also the interpretability of the model's decision. Yet, this is a challenging task due to the diversity of spoof types and the lack of ground truth in spoof traces. This work designs a novel adversarial learning framework to disentangle the spoof traces from input faces as a hierarchical combination of patterns at multiple scales. With the disentangled spoof traces, we unveil the live counterpart of the original spoof face, and further synthesize realistic new spoof faces after a proper geometric correction. Our method demonstrates superior spoof detection performance on both seen and unseen spoof scenarios while providing visually convincing estimation of spoof traces. Code is available at https://github.com/yaojieliu/ECCV20-STDN.

Key facts. Cited by 62 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 17 Jul 2020.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 17; 2022: 16; 2023: 18; 2024: 8; 2025: 1; 2026: 2.

62 papers.

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  1. 2022PatchNet: A Simple Face Anti-Spoofing Framework via Fine-Grained Patch Recognitioncited by 67
  2. 2021Deep Learning for Face Anti-Spoofing: A Surveycited by 64
  3. 2021Adaptive Normalized Representation Learning for Generalizable Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 49
  4. 2021Dual-Cross Central Difference Network for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 47
  5. 2021Dual Reweighting Domain Generalization for Face Presentation Attack Detectioncited by 47
  6. 2023Rethinking Domain Generalization for Face Anti-spoofing: Separability and Alignmentcited by 47
  7. 2023FLIP: Cross-domain Face Anti-spoofing with Language Guidancecited by 45
  8. 2021Contrastive Context-Aware Learning for 3D High-Fidelity Mask Face Presentation Attack Detectioncited by 43
  9. 2023Instance-Aware Domain Generalization for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 42
  10. 2021Biometrics: Trust, but Verifycited by 39
  11. 2022Multi-domain Learning for Updating Face Anti-spoofing Modelscited by 39
  12. 2022Adaptive Transformers for Robust Few-shot Cross-domain Face Anti-spoofingcited by 38
38 more
  1. 2022Exploring Disentangled Content Information for Face Forgery Detectioncited by 36
  2. 2021Meta-Teacher For Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 33
  3. 2022Generative Domain Adaptation for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 33
  4. 2021Unified Detection of Digital and Physical Face Attackscited by 31
  5. 2022Adaptive Mixture of Experts Learning for Generalizable Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 28
  6. 2022Benchmarking Joint Face Spoofing and Forgery Detection with Visual and Physiological Cuescited by 24
  7. 2021Feature Generation and Hypothesis Verification for Reliable Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 23
  8. 2023FM-ViT: Flexible Modal Vision Transformers for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 22
  9. 2021Dual Spoof Disentanglement Generation for Face Anti-spoofing with Depth Uncertainty Learningcited by 20
  10. 2021Structure Destruction and Content Combination for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 18
  11. 2023MA-ViT: Modality-Agnostic Vision Transformers for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 18
  12. 2022Digital and Physical Face Attacks: Reviewing and One Step Furthercited by 17
  13. 2022ViTransPAD: Video Transformer using convolution and self-attention for Face Presentation Attack Detectioncited by 14
  14. 2022One-Class Knowledge Distillation for Face Presentation Attack Detectioncited by 12
  15. 2023Surveillance Face Anti-spoofingcited by 12
  16. 2023S-Adapter: Generalizing Vision Transformer for Face Anti-Spoofing with Statistical Tokenscited by 11
  17. 2021Disentangled Representation with Dual-stage Feature Learning for Face Anti-spoofingcited by 10
  18. 2021Consistency Regularization for Deep Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 10
  19. 2022Cyclically Disentangled Feature Translation for Face Anti-spoofingcited by 10
  20. 2024CemiFace: Center-based Semi-hard Synthetic Face Generation for Face Recognitioncited by 10
  21. 2021Federated Generalized Face Presentation Attack Detectioncited by 9
  22. 2022Causality-Inspired Taxonomy for Explainable Artificial Intelligencecited by 9
  23. 2021Few-Shot Domain Expansion for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 7
  24. 2022VLAD-VSA: Cross-Domain Face Presentation Attack Detection with Vocabulary Separation and Adaptationcited by 7
  25. 2024DiffFAS: Face Anti-Spoofing via Generative Diffusion Modelscited by 7
  26. 2023DSVAE: Interpretable Disentangled Representation for Synthetic Speech Detectioncited by 6
  27. 2024Generalized Face Anti-spoofing via Finer Domain Partition and Disentangling Liveness-irrelevant Factorscited by 6
  28. 2023M3FAS: An Accurate and Robust MultiModal Mobile Face Anti-Spoofing Systemcited by 5
  29. 2023Surveillance Face Presentation Attack Detection Challengecited by 5
  30. 2021Asymmetric Modality Translation For Face Presentation Attack Detectioncited by 4
  31. 2023Fine-Grained Annotation for Face Anti-Spoofingcited by 4
  32. 2024Generalized Face Liveness Detection via De-fake Face Generatorcited by 4
  33. 2022Exposing Fine-Grained Adversarial Vulnerability of Face Anti-Spoofing Modelscited by 3
  34. 2022Learning Polysemantic Spoof Trace: A Multi-Modal Disentanglement Network for Face Anti-spoofingcited by 3
  35. 2023Wild Face Anti-Spoofing Challenge 2023: Benchmark and Resultscited by 2
  36. 2023An Efficient Ensemble Explainable AI (XAI) Approach for Morphed Face Detectioncited by 2
  37. 2024Modeling Spoof Noise by De-spoofing Diffusion and its Application in Face Anti-spoofingcited by 2
  38. 2021Deep Learning meets Liveness Detection: Recent Advancements and Challengescited by 1

50 most cited of 62 All 62 (JSON)