mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

CoReD: Generalizing Fake Media Detection with Continual Representation using Distillation

arXiv 2107.02408 ↗First posted 6 Jul 2021cs.CV cs.CR cs.LGcited by 37

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Abstract (arXiv)

Over the last few decades, artificial intelligence research has made tremendous strides, but it still heavily relies on fixed datasets in stationary environments. Continual learning is a growing field of research that examines how AI systems can learn sequentially from a continuous stream of linked data in the same way that biological systems do. Simultaneously, fake media such as deepfakes and synthetic face images have emerged as significant to current multimedia technologies. Recently, numerous method has been proposed which can detect deepfakes with high accuracy. However, they suffer significantly due to their reliance on fixed datasets in limited evaluation settings. Therefore, in this work, we apply continuous learning to neural networks' learning dynamics, emphasizing its potential to increase data efficiency significantly. We propose Continual Representation using Distillation (CoReD) method that employs the concept of Continual Learning (CL), Representation Learning (RL), and Knowledge Distillation (KD). We design CoReD to perform sequential domain adaptation tasks on new deepfake and GAN-generated synthetic face datasets, while effectively minimizing the catastrophic forgetting in a teacher-student model setting. Our extensive experimental results demonstrate that our method is efficient at domain adaptation to detect low-quality deepfakes videos and GAN-generated images from several datasets, outperforming the-state-of-art baseline methods.

Key facts. Cited by 37 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 54 of its 84 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 6 Jul 2021.

Builds on

54 of 84 references.

References · 54

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38 more
  1. 2018Continual Lifelong Learning with Neural Networks: A Reviewcited by 1,313
  2. 2019FaceForensics++: Learning to Detect Manipulated Facial Imagescited by 1,095
  3. 2017StarGAN: Unified Generative Adversarial Networks for Multi-Domain Image-to-Image Translationcited by 1,036
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  9. 2017Measuring Catastrophic Forgetting in Neural Networkscited by 359
  10. 2018Exposing Deep Fakes Using Inconsistent Head Posescited by 294
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  12. 2020The Creation and Detection of Deepfakes: A Surveycited by 246
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  15. 2018Learning Rich Features for Image Manipulation Detectioncited by 154
  16. 2018Fighting Fake News: Image Splice Detection via Learned Self-Consistencycited by 136
  17. 2018Two-Stream Neural Networks for Tampered Face Detectioncited by 125
  18. 2018Train Sparsely, Generate Densely: Memory-efficient Unsupervised Training of High-resolution Temporal GANcited by 120
  19. 2021Generative Adversarial Transformerscited by 120
  20. 2017Fader Networks: Manipulating Images by Sliding Attributescited by 118
  21. 2019Recurrent Convolutional Strategies for Face Manipulation Detection in Videoscited by 118
  22. 2018ForensicTransfer: Weakly-supervised Domain Adaptation for Forgery Detectioncited by 104
  23. 2016Deep Feature Interpolation for Image Content Changescited by 80
  24. 2017Beyond Face Rotation: Global and Local Perception GAN for Photorealistic and Identity Preserving Frontal View Synthesiscited by 75
  25. 2020Detecting Deep-Fake Videos from Appearance and Behaviorcited by 66
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50 most cited of 54 All 54 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 3; 2022: 4; 2023: 6; 2024: 7; 2025: 11; 2026: 6.

37 papers.

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  1. 2022S-Prompts Learning with Pre-trained Transformers: An Occam's Razor for Domain Incremental Learningcited by 246
  2. 2021FakeAVCeleb: A Novel Audio-Video Multimodal Deepfake Datasetcited by 179
  3. 2021Recent Advances of Continual Learning in Computer Vision: An Overviewcited by 55
  4. 2022A Continual Deepfake Detection Benchmark: Dataset, Methods, and Essentialscited by 45
  5. 2021Evaluation of an Audio-Video Multimodal Deepfake Dataset using Unimodal and Multimodal Detectorscited by 32
  6. 2024Stacking Brick by Brick: Aligned Feature Isolation for Incremental Face Forgery Detectioncited by 16
  7. 2024SoK: Systematization and Benchmarking of Deepfake Detectors in a Unified Frameworkcited by 14
  8. 2023Why Do Facial Deepfake Detectors Fail?cited by 12
  9. 2023Benchmarking Deepart Detectioncited by 12
  10. 2023Deepfake in the Metaverse: Security Implications for Virtual Gaming, Meetings, and Officescited by 8
  11. 2024E3: Ensemble of Expert Embedders for Adapting Synthetic Image Detectors to New Generators Using Limited Datacited by 7
  12. 2022The MeVer DeepFake Detection Service: Lessons Learnt from Developing and Deploying in the Wildcited by 6
25 more
  1. 2024Continuous fake media detection: adapting deepfake detectors to new generative techniquescited by 6
  2. 2023Generalized Few-Shot Continual Learning with Contrastive Mixture of Adapterscited by 5
  3. 2024UGAD: Universal Generative AI Detector utilizing Frequency Fingerprintscited by 5
  4. 2024Exploring the Impact of Moire Pattern on Deepfake Detectorscited by 4
  5. 2024A Quality-Centric Framework for Generic Deepfake Detectioncited by 4
  6. 2025SAIDO: Generalizable Detection of AI-Generated Images via Scene-Aware and Importance-Guided Dynamic Optimization in Continual Learningcited by 4
  7. 2023How Generalizable are Deepfake Image Detectors? An Empirical Studycited by 3
  8. 2025LLMs Are Not Yet Ready for Deepfake Image Detectioncited by 3
  9. 2025FakeChain: Exposing Shallow Cues in Multi-Step Deepfake Detectioncited by 3
  10. 2025DevFD: Developmental Face Forgery Detection by Learning Shared and Orthogonal LoRA Subspacescited by 3
  11. 2026IncreFA: Breaking the Static Wall of Generative Model Attributioncited by 3
  12. 2025From Prediction to Explanation: Multimodal, Explainable, and Interactive Deepfake Detection Framework for Non-Expert Userscited by 2
  13. 2025Seeing Through the Blur: Unlocking Defocus Maps for Deepfake Detectioncited by 2
  14. 2025LiteUpdate: A Lightweight Framework for Updating AI-Generated Image Detectorscited by 2
  15. 2022Deepfake Detection for Facial Images with Facemaskscited by 1
  16. 2023Building an Invisible Shield for Your Portrait against Deepfakescited by 1
  17. 2025Unifying Locality of KANs and Feature Drift Compensation Projection for Data-free Replay based Continual Face Forgery Detectioncited by 1
  18. 2025Through the Lens: Benchmarking Deepfake Detectors Against Moir'e-Induced Distortionscited by 1
  19. 2025Chameleon: Benchmarking Detection and Backtracking on Commercial-Grade AI-Generated Videoscited by 0
  20. 2025When Generative Replay Meets Evolving Deepfakes: Dual Confusion-Aware Regularization for Incremental Face Forgery Detectioncited by 0
  21. 2026Face-D(^2)CL: Multi-Domain Synergistic Representation with Dual Continual Learning for Facial DeepFake Detectioncited by 0
  22. 2026Direct Discrepancy Replay: Distribution-Discrepancy Condensation and Manifold-Consistent Replay for Continual Face Forgery Detectioncited by 0
  23. 2026AIFIND: Artifact-Aware Interpreting Fine-Grained Alignment for Incremental Face Forgery Detectioncited by 0
  24. 2026DECODE: Tackling Representation and Decision Degradation in Continual AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 0
  25. 2026Preserving Knowledge across Space and Time for Continual Video Deepfake Detectioncited by 0