Generative Adversarial Transformers
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Abstract (arXiv)
We introduce the GANformer, a novel and efficient type of transformer, and explore it for the task of visual generative modeling. The network employs a bipartite structure that enables long-range interactions across the image, while maintaining computation of linear efficiency, that can readily scale to high-resolution synthesis. It iteratively propagates information from a set of latent variables to the evolving visual features and vice versa, to support the refinement of each in light of the other and encourage the emergence of compositional representations of objects and scenes. In contrast to the classic transformer architecture, it utilizes multiplicative integration that allows flexible region-based modulation, and can thus be seen as a generalization of the successful StyleGAN network. We demonstrate the model's strength and robustness through a careful evaluation over a range of datasets, from simulated multi-object environments to rich real-world indoor and outdoor scenes, showing it achieves state-of-the-art results in terms of image quality and diversity, while enjoying fast learning and better data-efficiency. Further qualitative and quantitative experiments offer us an insight into the model's inner workings, revealing improved interpretability and stronger disentanglement, and illustrating the benefits and efficacy of our approach. An implementation of the model is available at https://github.com/dorarad/gansformer.
Key facts. Cited by 120 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 55 of its 81 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 1 Mar 2021.
Builds on
55 of 81 references.
References · 55
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- 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 5,986
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- 2019Analyzing and Improving the Image Quality of StyleGANcited by 3,580
- 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,229
- 2018Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesiscited by 2,609
- 2017Non-local Neural Networkscited by 2,290
38 more
- 2015Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 2,048
- 2016Photo-Realistic Single Image Super-Resolution Using a Generative Adversarial Networkcited by 1,898
- 2019Generating Long Sequences with Sparse Transformerscited by 1,523
- 2016CLEVR: A Diagnostic Dataset for Compositional Language and Elementary Visual Reasoningcited by 1,445
- 2018ImageNet-trained CNNs are biased towards texture; increasing shape bias improves accuracy and robustnesscited by 1,430
- 2015LSUN: Construction of a Large-scale Image Dataset using Deep Learning with Humans in the Loopcited by 1,350
- 2018Relational inductive biases, deep learning, and graph networkscited by 1,341
- 2019Semantic Image Synthesis with Spatially-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 1,295
- 2017StarGAN: Unified Generative Adversarial Networks for Multi-Domain Image-to-Image Translationcited by 1,036
- 2018Dual Attention Network for Scene Segmentationcited by 1,001
- 2019Improved Precision and Recall Metric for Assessing Generative Modelscited by 925
- 2020Object-Centric Learning with Slot Attentioncited by 865
- 2018Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 809
- 2018Image Transformercited by 770
- 2018CCNet: Criss-Cross Attention for Semantic Segmentationcited by 717
- 2017Dynamic Routing Between Capsulescited by 689
- 2019Stand-Alone Self-Attention in Vision Modelscited by 542
- 2019MONet: Unsupervised Scene Decomposition and Representationcited by 388
- 2019Attention Augmented Convolutional Networkscited by 363
- 2019Multi-Object Representation Learning with Iterative Variational Inferencecited by 359
- 2016Adversarial Feature Learningcited by 350
- 2019Axial Attention in Multidimensional Transformerscited by 350
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- 2018Image Generation from Scene Graphscited by 324
- 2020Exploring Self-attention for Image Recognitioncited by 313
- 2019On the Relationship between Self-Attention and Convolutional Layerscited by 299
- 2019SEAN: Image Synthesis with Semantic Region-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 253
- 2019GENESIS: Generative Scene Inference and Sampling with Object-Centric Latent Representationscited by 227
- 2016Key-Value Memory Networks for Directly Reading Documentscited by 223
- 2019Recurrent Independent Mechanismscited by 219
- 2019Local Relation Networks for Image Recognitioncited by 210
- 2016Attend, Infer, Repeat: Fast Scene Understanding with Generative Modelscited by 209
- 2019Image Processing Using Multi-Code GAN Priorcited by 185
- 2020BlockGAN: Learning 3D Object-aware Scene Representations from Unlabelled Imagescited by 166
- 2018A2-Nets: Double Attention Networkscited by 136
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50 most cited of 55 All 55 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2021: 28; 2022: 37; 2023: 29; 2024: 14; 2025: 8; 2026: 4.
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- 2023Freestyle Layout-to-Image Synthesiscited by 67
- 2023One-Step Diffusion Distillation via Deep Equilibrium Modelscited by 60
- 2023Detecting Images Generated by Deep Diffusion Models using their Local Intrinsic Dimensionalitycited by 44
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- 2024MCM: Multi-condition Motion Synthesis Framework19 Apr 2024
- 2024Efficient generative adversarial networks using linear additive-attention Transformers17 Jan 2024
- 2023Unlocking Pre-trained Image Backbones for Semantic Image Synthesis20 Dec 2023
- 2023One-Step Diffusion Distillation via Deep Equilibrium Models12 Dec 2023
- 2023DiffiT: Diffusion Vision Transformers for Image Generation4 Dec 2023
- 2023Detecting Images Generated by Deep Diffusion Models using their Local Intrinsic Dimensionality5 Jul 2023
- 2023Freestyle Layout-to-Image Synthesis25 Mar 2023
- 2021Unleashing Transformers: Parallel Token Prediction with Discrete Absorbing Diffusion for Fast High-Resolution Image Generation from Vector-Quantized Codes24 Nov 2021
- 2022AdaptFormer: Adapting Vision Transformers for Scalable Visual Recognitioncited by 714
- 2021Perceiver IO: A General Architecture for Structured Inputs & Outputscited by 616
- 2023Scaling up GANs for Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 492
- 2022MaxViT: Multi-Axis Vision Transformercited by 476
- 2021AdaViT: Adaptive Tokens for Efficient Vision Transformercited by 360
- 2023Retinexformer: One-stage Retinex-based Transformer for Low-light Image Enhancementcited by 228
- 2021Projected GANs Converge Fastercited by 204
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- 2025Smudged Fingerprints: A Systematic Evaluation of the Robustness of AI Image Fingerprints12 Dec 2025
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- 2025What Drives Compositional Generalization in Visual Generative Models? The Importance of Continuous Training Objectives3 Oct 2025
- 2025AI-GenBench: A New Ongoing Benchmark for AI-Generated Image Detection29 Apr 2025
- 2025Towards Scale-Aware Low-Light Enhancement via Structure-Guided Transformer Design18 Apr 2025
- 2025Removing Neural Signal Artifacts with Autoencoder-Targeted Adversarial Transformers (AT-AT)7 Feb 2025
- 2025Domain-Incremental Semantic Segmentation for Autonomous Driving under Adverse Driving Conditions9 Jan 2025
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