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Learning from Synthetic Data for Crowd Counting in the Wild

arXiv 1903.03303 ↗First posted 8 Mar 2019cs.CVcited by 148

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Abstract (arXiv)

Recently, counting the number of people for crowd scenes is a hot topic because of its widespread applications (e.g. video surveillance, public security). It is a difficult task in the wild: changeable environment, large-range number of people cause the current methods can not work well. In addition, due to the scarce data, many methods suffer from over-fitting to a different extent. To remedy the above two problems, firstly, we develop a data collector and labeler, which can generate the synthetic crowd scenes and simultaneously annotate them without any manpower. Based on it, we build a large-scale, diverse synthetic dataset. Secondly, we propose two schemes that exploit the synthetic data to boost the performance of crowd counting in the wild: 1) pretrain a crowd counter on the synthetic data, then finetune it using the real data, which significantly prompts the model's performance on real data; 2) propose a crowd counting method via domain adaptation, which can free humans from heavy data annotations. Extensive experiments show that the first method achieves the state-of-the-art performance on four real datasets, and the second outperforms our baselines. The dataset and source code are available at https://gjy3035.github.io/GCC-CL/.

Key facts. Cited by 148 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 8 Mar 2019.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 36; 2022: 36; 2023: 26; 2024: 22; 2025: 16; 2026: 12.

148 papers.

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  1. 2021Learning To Count Everythingcited by 149
  2. 2023Machine Learning for Synthetic Data Generation: A Reviewcited by 118
  3. 2021SynFace: Face Recognition with Synthetic Datacited by 106
  4. 2024Why Tabular Foundation Models Should Be a Research Prioritycited by 103
  5. 2022An End-to-End Transformer Model for Crowd Localizationcited by 74
  6. 2022SFace: Privacy-friendly and Accurate Face Recognition using Synthetic Datacited by 63
  7. 2021TransCrowd: weakly-supervised crowd counting with transformerscited by 61
  8. 2022Rethinking Spatial Invariance of Convolutional Networks for Object Countingcited by 54
  9. 2023STEERER: Resolving Scale Variations for Counting and Localization via Selective Inheritance Learningcited by 41
  10. 2021Spatial Uncertainty-Aware Semi-Supervised Crowd Countingcited by 38
  11. 2024Generative Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review and Applicationscited by 37
  12. 2021Focal Inverse Distance Transform Maps for Crowd Localizationcited by 36
38 more
  1. 2022Exemplar Free Class Agnostic Countingcited by 32
  2. 2023Can You Rely on Your Model Evaluation? Improving Model Evaluation with Synthetic Test Datacited by 31
  3. 2021CCTrans: Simplifying and Improving Crowd Counting with Transformercited by 30
  4. 2023Beyond Privacy: Navigating the Opportunities and Challenges of Synthetic Datacited by 29
  5. 2022Deformation and Correspondence Aware Unsupervised Synthetic-to-Real Scene Flow Estimation for Point Cloudscited by 28
  6. 2022Cross-View Cross-Scene Multi-View Crowd Countingcited by 28
  7. 2022Synthetic Data in Human Analysis: A Surveycited by 28
  8. 2021Human-Aided Saliency Maps Improve Generalization of Deep Learningcited by 27
  9. 2024Position: Measure Dataset Diversity, Don't Just Claim Itcited by 26
  10. 2021Leveraging Self-Supervision for Cross-Domain Crowd Countingcited by 24
  11. 2023Calibrating Uncertainty for Semi-Supervised Crowd Countingcited by 22
  12. 2022Domain-General Crowd Counting in Unseen Scenarioscited by 20
  13. 2023CrowdDiff: Multi-hypothesis Crowd Density Estimation using Diffusion Modelscited by 20
  14. 2021Less is More: Learning from Synthetic Data with Fine-grained Attributes for Person Re-Identificationcited by 19
  15. 2024Single Domain Generalization for Crowd Countingcited by 17
  16. 2022Revisiting Crowd Counting: State-of-the-art, Trends, and Future Perspectivescited by 16
  17. 2021Crowd Counting via Perspective-Guided Fractional-Dilation Convolutioncited by 15
  18. 2021Variational Attention: Propagating Domain-Specific Knowledge for Multi-Domain Learning in Crowd Countingcited by 15
  19. 2022Backbones-Review: Feature Extraction Networks for Deep Learning and Deep Reinforcement Learning Approachescited by 15
  20. 2022Synthetic Data Supervised Salient Object Detectioncited by 15
  21. 2023Counting Crowds in Bad Weathercited by 14
  22. 2023Boosting Detection in Crowd Analysis via Underutilized Output Featurescited by 14
  23. 2024NWPU-MOC: A Benchmark for Fine-grained Multi-category Object Counting in Aerial Imagescited by 14
  24. 2021Adaptive Boosting for Domain Adaptation: Towards Robust Predictions in Scene Segmentationcited by 13
  25. 2021Audio-visual Representation Learning for Anomaly Events Detection in Crowdscited by 13
  26. 2023AI-Generated Images as Data Source: The Dawn of Synthetic Eracited by 13
  27. 2021VersatileGait: A Large-Scale Synthetic Gait Dataset with Fine-GrainedAttributes and Complicated Scenarioscited by 12
  28. 2021Scene-Adaptive Attention Network for Crowd Countingcited by 12
  29. 2023DAOT: Domain-Agnostically Aligned Optimal Transport for Domain-Adaptive Crowd Countingcited by 12
  30. 2021Let There be Light: Improved Traffic Surveillance via Detail Preserving Night-to-Day Transfercited by 11
  31. 2021Adaptive Convolutions with Per-pixel Dynamic Filter Atomcited by 11
  32. 2021Dense Point Prediction: A Simple Baseline for Crowd Counting and Localizationcited by 10
  33. 2021Coarse to Fine: Domain Adaptive Crowd Counting via Adversarial Scoring Networkcited by 10
  34. 2023Designing a Hybrid Neural System to Learn Real-world Crack Segmentation from Fractal-based Simulationcited by 10
  35. 2022Attribute Descent: Simulating Object-Centric Datasets on the Content Level and Beyondcited by 9
  36. 2022Forget Less, Count Better: A Domain-Incremental Self-Distillation Learning Benchmark for Lifelong Crowd Countingcited by 9
  37. 2022Backdoor Attacks on Crowd Countingcited by 9
  38. 2021Rethinking Global Context in Crowd Countingcited by 8

50 most cited of 148 All 148 (JSON)