mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Learning in Mean Field Games: the Fictitious Play

arXiv 1507.06280 ↗First posted 22 Jul 2015math.OCcited by 37

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Abstract (arXiv)

Mean Field Game systems describe equilibrium configurations in differential games with infinitely many infinitesimal interacting agents. We introduce a learning procedure (similar to the Fictitious Play) for these games and show its convergence when the Mean Field Game is potential.

Key facts. Cited by 37 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 22 Jul 2015.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 12; 2022: 5; 2023: 3; 2024: 7; 2025: 6; 2026: 4.

37 papers.

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  1. 2021Approximately Solving Mean Field Games via Entropy-Regularized Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 65
  2. 2021Concave Utility Reinforcement Learning: the Mean-Field Game Viewpointcited by 54
  3. 2021Efficient Model-Based Multi-Agent Mean-Field Reinforcement Learningcited by 38
  4. 2022Scalable Deep Reinforcement Learning Algorithms for Mean Field Gamescited by 33
  5. 2021Mean Field Games Flock! The Reinforcement Learning Waycited by 30
  6. 2021Scaling up Mean Field Games with Online Mirror Descentcited by 29
  7. 2021Generalization in Mean Field Games by Learning Master Policiescited by 28
  8. 2021Learning Graphon Mean Field Games and Approximate Nash Equilibriacited by 28
  9. 2021Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Games, with Applications to Economicscited by 14
  10. 2022Learning Sparse Graphon Mean Field Gamescited by 14
  11. 2021Signatured Deep Fictitious Play for Mean Field Games with Common Noisecited by 12
  12. 2022A Survey on Large-Population Systems and Scalable Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learningcited by 12
25 more
  1. 2021Adversarial Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Gamescited by 8
  2. 2023Regularization of the policy updates for stabilizing Mean Field Gamescited by 5
  3. 2024Population-aware Online Mirror Descent for Mean-Field Games by Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 5
  4. 2024Graphon Mean Field Games with a Representative Player: Analysis and Learning Algorithmcited by 5
  5. 2024Stochastic Semi-Gradient Descent for Learning Mean Field Games with Population-Aware Function Approximationcited by 5
  6. 2022Learning Correlated Equilibria in Mean-Field Gamescited by 4
  7. 2023Primal and Dual Analysis of Entropic Fictitious Play for Finite-sum Problemscited by 4
  8. 2025Population-aware Online Mirror Descent for Mean-Field Games with Common Noise by Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 4
  9. 2021Exploration noise for learning linear-quadratic mean field gamescited by 3
  10. 2022Hypergraphon Mean Field Gamescited by 3
  11. 2024Learning Mean Field Games on Sparse Graphs: A Hybrid Graphex Approachcited by 3
  12. 2025Meta-Inverse Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Games via Probabilistic Context Variablescited by 3
  13. 2025High-dimensional Mean-Field Games by Particle-based Flow Matchingcited by 3
  14. 2024A Single Online Agent Can Efficiently Learn Mean Field Gamescited by 2
  15. 2025Solving Continuous Mean Field Games: Deep Reinforcement Learning for Non-Stationary Dynamicscited by 2
  16. 2024Scalable Offline Reinforcement Learning for Mean Field Gamescited by 1
  17. 2026Bench-MFG: A Benchmark Suite for Learning in Stationary Mean Field Gamescited by 1
  18. 2021Mean Field Equilibrium in Multi-Armed Bandit Game with Continuous Rewardcited by 0
  19. 2023Networked Communication for Decentralised Agents in Mean-Field Gamescited by 0
  20. 2024Last Iterate Convergence in Monotone Mean Field Gamescited by 0
  21. 2025Deep Fictitious Play-Based Potential Differential Games for Learning Human-Like Interaction at Unsignalized Intersectionscited by 0
  22. 2025Deep Learning and Elicitability for McKean-Vlasov FBSDEs With Common Noisecited by 0
  23. 2026Recurrent Structural Policy Gradient for Partially Observable Mean Field Gamescited by 0
  24. 2026Towards Model-Free Learning in Dynamic Population Games: An Application to Karma Economiescited by 0
  25. 2026Stationary Robust Mean-Field Games under Model Mismatchescited by 0