mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

StarBench: A Turn-Based RPG Benchmark for Agentic Multimodal Decision-Making and Information Seeking

arXiv 2510.18483 ↗First posted 21 Oct 2025cs.AIcited by 1

On the map: LLM agents and tool use → Reinforcement learning for LLM agents

Abstract (arXiv)

Human players do more than press buttons: they ground what they see on screen into precise keyboard-mouse actions and, when stuck, they seek information before trying again. We ask whether current vision-language models (VLMs) can do the same. Despite encouraging results under simplified control or tool scaffolds, human-like play in a real client - mapping raw screenshots to temporally coherent low-level actions while deciding when to ask for guidance - remains an open challenge. We introduce StarBench, a turn-based RPG benchmark derived from Honkai: Star Rail that targets these two human-like competencies: multimodal decision-making from pixels to actions and agentic information seeking. StarBench standardizes evaluation across eight combat tasks and two regimes with shared tasks and metrics: (i) direct control, where agents receive only screenshots and must emit low-level primitives (click and keypress) with no semantic hints; and (ii) tool-assisted control, where higher-level intents can be mapped to primitives by detectors and OCR outputs provide optional textualized observations to ease UI grounding. To mirror human practice, StarBench also includes an ask-or-act diagnostic that measures whether and when agents choose to request brief guidance before proceeding, and how that choice affects subsequent performance. We report reference baselines for contemporary VLMs and a human reference. Results expose sizable gaps in perception-to-control fidelity in the direct regime, while showing that judicious information seeking correlates with improved success, establishing StarBench as a reproducible yardstick for agentic information seeking and multimodal decision-making in real-client play.

Key facts. Cited by 1 paper in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Reinforcement learning for LLM agents, one of 16 directions in LLM agents and tool use. Builds on 24 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Oct 2025.

Builds on

24 of 43 references.

Closest ancestors · 4

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2024BALROG: Benchmarking Agentic LLM and VLM Reasoning On Games20 Nov
  2. 2024A Survey on Large Language Model-Based Game Agents2 Apr
  3. 2023Reflexion: Language Agents with Verbal Reinforcement Learning20 Mar
  4. 2022MineDojo: Building Open-Ended Embodied Agents with Internet-Scale Knowledge17 Jun

Other references · 20

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 60,361
  2. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
  3. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 30,186
  4. 2022Training language models to follow instructions with human feedbackcited by 15,971
  5. 2022ReAct: Synergizing Reasoning and Acting in Language Modelscited by 8,695
  6. 2013Playing Atari with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 3,274
  7. 2015VQA: Visual Question Answeringcited by 2,506
  8. 2015Show, Attend and Tell: Neural Image Caption Generation with Visual Attentioncited by 1,423
  9. 2014Show and Tell: A Neural Image Caption Generatorcited by 879
  10. 2024A Survey on Large Language Models for Code Generationcited by 658
  11. 2018TextWorld: A Learning Environment for Text-based Gamescited by 310
  12. 2023A Comprehensive Review of YOLO Architectures in Computer Vision: From YOLOv1 to YOLOv8 and YOLO-NAScited by 151
8 more
  1. 2024Cradle: Empowering Foundation Agents Towards General Computer Controlcited by 117
  2. 2022PP-OCRv3: More Attempts for the Improvement of Ultra Lightweight OCR Systemcited by 106
  3. 2021MiniHack the Planet: A Sandbox for Open-Ended Reinforcement Learning Researchcited by 97
  4. 2023ChessGPT: Bridging Policy Learning and Language Modelingcited by 75
  5. 2024Can VLMs Play Action Role-Playing Games? Take Black Myth Wukong as a Study Casecited by 24
  6. 2024Large Language Models and Video Games: A Preliminary Scoping Reviewcited by 23
  7. 2025Are Large Vision Language Models Good Game Players?cited by 19
  8. 2022On Efficient Reinforcement Learning for Full-length Game of StarCraft IIcited by 14

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2026: 1.

1 paper.

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2026GameWorld: Towards Standardized and Verifiable Evaluation of Multimodal Game Agents
  2. 2024Read to Play (R2-Play): Decision Transformer with Multimodal Game Instruction
  3. 2025SC2Arena and StarEvolve: Benchmark and Self-Improvement Framework for LLMs in Complex Decision-Making Tasks
  4. 2025CombatVLA: An Efficient Vision-Language-Action Model for Combat Tasks in 3D Action Role-Playing Games
  5. 2026GameReplica: A Benchmark for Black-Box Visual Game Replication by Vision-Language Agents
  6. 2023JARVIS-1: Open-World Multi-task Agents with Memory-Augmented Multimodal Language Models
  7. 2026CivBench: A Long-Horizon Benchmark for Tool-Mediated Agents in Civilization VI
  8. 2025V-MAGE: A Game Evaluation Framework for Assessing Vision-Centric Capabilities in Multimodal Large Language Models