BridgeDrive: Diffusion Bridge Policy for Closed-Loop Trajectory Planning in Autonomous Driving
On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion and flow policies for robotics
also in 1 more
Abstract (arXiv)
Diffusion-based planners have shown strong potential for autonomous driving by capturing multi-modal driving behaviors. A key challenge is how to effectively guide these models for safe and reactive planning in closed-loop settings, where the ego vehicle's actions influence future states. Recent work leverages typical expert driving behaviors (i.e., anchors) to guide diffusion planners but relies on a truncated diffusion schedule that introduces an asymmetry between the forward and denoising processes, diverging from the core principles of diffusion models. To address this, we introduce BridgeDrive, a novel anchor-guided diffusion bridge policy for closed-loop trajectory planning. Our approach formulates planning as a diffusion bridge that directly transforms coarse anchor trajectories into refined, context-aware plans, ensuring theoretical consistency between the forward and reverse processes. BridgeDrive is compatible with efficient ODE solvers, enabling real-time deployment. We achieve state-of-the-art performance on the Bench2Drive closed-loop evaluation benchmark, improving the success rate by 7.72% and 2.45% over prior arts with PDM-Lite and LEAD datasets, respectively. Project page: https://github.com/shuliu-ethz/BridgeDrive.
Key facts. Cited by 18 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion and flow policies for robotics, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 39 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 28 Sep 2025.
Builds on
39 of 49 references.
Closest ancestors · 3
Same direction, newest first
- 2025GoalFlow: Goal-Driven Flow Matching for Multimodal Trajectories Generation in End-to-End Autonomous Driving7 Mar
- 2024DiffusionDrive: Truncated Diffusion Model for End-to-End Autonomous Driving22 Nov
- 2024Diffusion-ES: Gradient-free Planning with Diffusion for Autonomous Driving and Zero-Shot Instruction Following9 Feb
Other references · 36
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 21,076
- 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,781
- 2020Score-Based Generative Modeling through Stochastic Differential Equationscited by 9,122
- 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,058
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,847
- 2016SGDR: Stochastic Gradient Descent with Warm Restartscited by 5,045
- 2019nuScenes: A multimodal dataset for autonomous drivingcited by 4,523
- 2022Elucidating the Design Space of Diffusion-Based Generative Modelscited by 3,045
- 2017CARLA: An Open Urban Driving Simulatorcited by 2,449
- 2022DPM-Solver: A Fast ODE Solver for Diffusion Probabilistic Model Sampling in Around 10 Stepscited by 1,979
- 2021Variational Diffusion Modelscited by 1,153
- 2022Planning-oriented Autonomous Drivingcited by 1,087
24 more
- 2023VAD: Vectorized Scene Representation for Efficient Autonomous Drivingcited by 622
- 2023DriveLM: Driving with Graph Visual Question Answeringcited by 536
- 2021NuPlan: A closed-loop ML-based planning benchmark for autonomous vehiclescited by 493
- 2022TransFuser: Imitation with Transformer-Based Sensor Fusion for Autonomous Drivingcited by 485
- 2019MultiPath: Multiple Probabilistic Anchor Trajectory Hypotheses for Behavior Predictioncited by 420
- 2024NAVSIM: Data-Driven Non-Reactive Autonomous Vehicle Simulation and Benchmarkingcited by 354
- 2024VADv2: End-to-End Vectorized Autonomous Driving via Probabilistic Planningcited by 289
- 2024Bench2Drive: Towards Multi-Ability Benchmarking of Closed-Loop End-To-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 252
- 2024Hydra-MDP: End-to-end Multimodal Planning with Multi-target Hydra-Distillationcited by 249
- 2022Trajectory-guided Control Prediction for End-to-end Autonomous Driving: A Simple yet Strong Baselinecited by 248
- 2021End-to-End Urban Driving by Imitating a Reinforcement Learning Coachcited by 194
- 2023Denoising Diffusion Bridge Modelscited by 178
- 2025ORION: A Holistic End-to-End Autonomous Driving Framework by Vision-Language Instructed Action Generationcited by 178
- 2020Perceive, Predict, and Plan: Safe Motion Planning Through Interpretable Semantic Representationscited by 153
- 2025SimLingo: Vision-Only Closed-Loop Autonomous Driving with Language-Action Alignmentcited by 150
- 2025Diffusion-Based Planning for Autonomous Driving with Flexible Guidancecited by 141
- 2022Learning from All Vehiclescited by 135
- 2025DriveTransformer: Unified Transformer for Scalable End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 126
- 2024DriveArena: A Closed-loop Generative Simulation Platform for Autonomous Drivingcited by 98
- 2023Hidden Biases of End-to-End Driving Modelscited by 96
- 2024EM Distillation for One-step Diffusion Modelscited by 62
- 2024Think2Drive: Efficient Reinforcement Learning by Thinking in Latent World Model for Quasi-Realistic Autonomous Driving (in CARLA-v2)cited by 52
- 2024Diffusion Bridge Implicit Modelscited by 49
- 2024Hidden Biases of End-to-End Driving Datasetscited by 30
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 17.
18 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2026EponaV2: Driving World Model with Comprehensive Future Reasoningcited by 15
- 2025Percept-WAM: Perception-Enhanced World-Awareness-Action Model for Robust End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2026AutoMoT: A Unified Vision-Language-Action Model with Asynchronous Mixture-of-Transformers for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2026Beyond Imitation: Learning Safe End-to-End Autonomous Driving from Hard Negativescited by 8
- 2026What Matters for Scalable and Robust Learning in End-to-End Driving Planners?cited by 5
- 2026HAD: Combining Hierarchical Diffusion with Metric-Decoupled RL for End-to-End Drivingcited by 4
- 2026Judge, Then Drive: A Critic-Centric Vision Language Action Framework for Autonomous Drivingcited by 3
- 2026LAD-Drive: Bridging Language and Trajectory with Action-Aware Diffusion Transformerscited by 2
- 2026IDOL: Inverse-Dynamics-Guided Future Prediction for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 2
- 2026An Open-Source Modular Benchmark for Diffusion-Based Motion Planning in Closed-Loop Autonomous Drivingcited by 1
- 2026AnchorVLA: Bridging Discrete Decisions and Continuous Trajectories for Vision-Language-Action Planningcited by 1
- 2026FlowS: One-Step Motion Prediction via Local Transport Conditioningcited by 0
6 more
- 2026Multimodal Action Diffusion for Robust End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026Herding End-to-End Autonomous Driving via Neuro-Symbolic Safety Guardscited by 0
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026VIPS: Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Planning Benchmark via Pseudo-Simulationcited by 0
- 2026FIVE-VLA: Fast and EffectIVE Autonomous Driving with Recurrent Action Memorycited by 0
- 2026Looking Ahead and Back: Anticipatory Generative Modeling for Road-Network Trajectoriescited by 0
- 2026Looking Ahead and Back: Anticipatory Generative Modeling for Road-Network Trajectories9 Oct 2026
- 2026FIVE-VLA: Fast and EffectIVE Autonomous Driving with Recurrent Action Memory16 Sep 2026
- 2026VIPS: Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Planning Benchmark via Pseudo-Simulation2 Sep 2026
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Driving18 Aug 2026
- 2026Herding End-to-End Autonomous Driving via Neuro-Symbolic Safety Guards11 Aug 2026
- 2026AnchorVLA: Bridging Discrete Decisions and Continuous Trajectories for Vision-Language-Action Planning3 Jul 2026
- 2026Multimodal Action Diffusion for Robust End-to-End Autonomous Driving1 Jun 2026
- 2026IDOL: Inverse-Dynamics-Guided Future Prediction for End-to-End Autonomous Driving29 May 2026
- 2026Beyond Imitation: Learning Safe End-to-End Autonomous Driving from Hard Negatives19 May 2026
- 2026EponaV2: Driving World Model with Comprehensive Future Reasoning14 May 2026
- 2026Judge, Then Drive: A Critic-Centric Vision Language Action Framework for Autonomous Driving30 Apr 2026
- 2026FlowS: One-Step Motion Prediction via Local Transport Conditioning28 Apr 2026
6 more
- 2026HAD: Combining Hierarchical Diffusion with Metric-Decoupled RL for End-to-End Driving4 Apr 2026
- 2026What Matters for Scalable and Robust Learning in End-to-End Driving Planners?16 Mar 2026
- 2026AutoMoT: A Unified Vision-Language-Action Model with Asynchronous Mixture-of-Transformers for End-to-End Autonomous Driving16 Mar 2026
- 2026LAD-Drive: Bridging Language and Trajectory with Action-Aware Diffusion Transformers2 Mar 2026
- 2026An Open-Source Modular Benchmark for Diffusion-Based Motion Planning in Closed-Loop Autonomous Driving1 Mar 2026
- 2025Percept-WAM: Perception-Enhanced World-Awareness-Action Model for Robust End-to-End Autonomous Driving24 Nov 2025
- 2026Beyond Imitation: Learning Safe End-to-End Autonomous Driving from Hard Negativescited by 8
- 2026What Matters for Scalable and Robust Learning in End-to-End Driving Planners?cited by 5
- 2026HAD: Combining Hierarchical Diffusion with Metric-Decoupled RL for End-to-End Drivingcited by 4
- 2026An Open-Source Modular Benchmark for Diffusion-Based Motion Planning in Closed-Loop Autonomous Drivingcited by 1
- 2026Herding End-to-End Autonomous Driving via Neuro-Symbolic Safety Guardscited by 0
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Drivingcited by 0
- 2026VIPS: Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Planning Benchmark via Pseudo-Simulationcited by 0
- 2026VIPS: Vehicle-Infrastructure Cooperative Planning Benchmark via Pseudo-Simulation2 Sep 2026
- 2026Plug-and-Play Traffic Element Awareness for End-to-End Autonomous Driving18 Aug 2026
- 2026Herding End-to-End Autonomous Driving via Neuro-Symbolic Safety Guards11 Aug 2026
- 2026Beyond Imitation: Learning Safe End-to-End Autonomous Driving from Hard Negatives19 May 2026
- 2026HAD: Combining Hierarchical Diffusion with Metric-Decoupled RL for End-to-End Driving4 Apr 2026
- 2026What Matters for Scalable and Robust Learning in End-to-End Driving Planners?16 Mar 2026
- 2026An Open-Source Modular Benchmark for Diffusion-Based Motion Planning in Closed-Loop Autonomous Driving1 Mar 2026
- 2026Judge, Then Drive: A Critic-Centric Vision Language Action Framework for Autonomous Drivingcited by 3
- 2026AnchorVLA: Bridging Discrete Decisions and Continuous Trajectories for Vision-Language-Action Planningcited by 1
- 2026FIVE-VLA: Fast and EffectIVE Autonomous Driving with Recurrent Action Memorycited by 0
- 2026FIVE-VLA: Fast and EffectIVE Autonomous Driving with Recurrent Action Memory16 Sep 2026
- 2026AnchorVLA: Bridging Discrete Decisions and Continuous Trajectories for Vision-Language-Action Planning3 Jul 2026
- 2026Judge, Then Drive: A Critic-Centric Vision Language Action Framework for Autonomous Driving30 Apr 2026
Similar, not cited
Close in wording, no citation either way
- 2026BridgeGuard: Explicit Safety Drift for Diffusion-based Autonomous Driving
- 2025DiffusionDriveV2: Reinforcement Learning-Constrained Truncated Diffusion Modeling in End-to-End Autonomous Driving
- 2026Unleashing the Potential of Diffusion Models for End-to-End Autonomous Driving
- 2025AnchDrive: Bootstrapping Diffusion Policies with Hybrid Trajectory Anchors for End-to-End Driving
- 2026One Diffusion Model, Two Roles: Guided Trajectory Planning and Safety-Critical Scenario Generation in Closed-Loop Simulation
- 2026Learning to Explain While Planning: Rule-Aligned Diffusion Planning for Autonomous Driving
- 2026FeaXDrive: Feasibility-aware Trajectory-Centric Diffusion Planning for End-to-End Autonomous Driving
- 2026G2DP: Diffusion Planning with Spatio-Temporal Grid Guidance