mlsanityData to 14 Oct 2026

CALE: Continuous Arcade Learning Environment

arXiv 2410.23810 ↗First posted 31 Oct 2024cs.LG cs.AIcited by 5

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Abstract (arXiv)

We introduce the Continuous Arcade Learning Environment (CALE), an extension of the well-known Arcade Learning Environment (ALE) [Bellemare et al., 2013]. The CALE uses the same underlying emulator of the Atari 2600 gaming system (Stella), but adds support for continuous actions. This enables the benchmarking and evaluation of continuous-control agents (such as PPO [Schulman et al., 2017] and SAC [Haarnoja et al., 2018]) and value-based agents (such as DQN [Mnih et al., 2015] and Rainbow [Hessel et al., 2018]) on the same environment suite. We provide a series of open questions and research directions that CALE enables, as well as initial baseline results using Soft Actor-Critic. CALE is available as part of the ALE athttps://github.com/Farama-Foundation/Arcade-Learning-Environment.

Key facts. Cited by 5 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 71 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 Oct 2024.

Builds on

44 of 71 references.

References · 44

  1. 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
  2. 2018Soft Actor-Critic: Off-Policy Maximum Entropy Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Stochastic Actorcited by 4,885
  3. 2016Asynchronous Methods for Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 2,258
  4. 2020Offline Reinforcement Learning: Tutorial, Review, and Perspectives on Open Problemscited by 1,920
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32 more
  1. 2019Model-Based Reinforcement Learning for Ataricited by 502
  2. 2020Learning Invariant Representations for Reinforcement Learning without Reconstructioncited by 436
  3. 2020dm_control: Software and Tasks for Continuous Controlcited by 375
  4. 2020Data-Efficient Reinforcement Learning with Self-Predictive Representationscited by 318
  5. 2020Agent57: Outperforming the Atari Human Benchmarkcited by 303
  6. 2019Improving Sample Efficiency in Model-Free Reinforcement Learning from Imagescited by 274
  7. 2017Revisiting the Arcade Learning Environment: Evaluation Protocols and Open Problems for General Agentscited by 269
  8. 2022The Primacy Bias in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 247
  9. 2019Soft Actor-Critic for Discrete Action Settingscited by 174
  10. 2023The Dormant Neuron Phenomenon in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 174
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  16. 2021Continual World: A Robotic Benchmark For Continual Reinforcement Learningcited by 116
  17. 2022Don't Change the Algorithm, Change the Data: Exploratory Data for Offline Reinforcement Learningcited by 96
  18. 2024Mixtures of Experts Unlock Parameter Scaling for Deep RLcited by 78
  19. 2019Discretizing Continuous Action Space for On-Policy Optimizationcited by 68
  20. 2022The State of Sparse Training in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 61
  21. 2021The Difficulty of Passive Learning in Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 50
  22. 2021MICo: Improved representations via sampling-based state similarity for Markov decision processescited by 43
  23. 2023Proto-Value Networks: Scaling Representation Learning with Auxiliary Taskscited by 42
  24. 2024In value-based deep reinforcement learning, a pruned network is a good networkcited by 39
  25. 2021On Bonus-Based Exploration Methods in the Arcade Learning Environmentcited by 37
  26. 2021DACBench: A Benchmark Library for Dynamic Algorithm Configurationcited by 28
  27. 2022The Phenomenon of Policy Churncited by 28
  28. 2018Reinforcement Learning Testbed for Power-Consumption Optimizationcited by 18
  29. 2024Do Transformer World Models Give Better Policy Gradients?cited by 10
  30. 2020Multiplayer Support for the Arcade Learning Environmentcited by 8
  31. 2022Myriad: a real-world testbed to bridge trajectory optimization and deep learningcited by 5
  32. 2022SMPL: Simulated Industrial Manufacturing and Process Control Learning Environmentscited by 4

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Cited by year (2026 to 14 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2025: 1; 2026: 4.

5 papers.

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  1. 2025TextAtari: 100K Frames Game Playing with Language Agents
  2. 2024HackAtari: Atari Learning Environments for Robust and Continual Reinforcement Learning
  3. 2025Octax: Accelerated CHIP-8 Arcade Environments for Reinforcement Learning in JAX
  4. 2026Player-1: Learning to Play from Synthetic Experience
  5. 2026Synthesizing Reactive Character Behaviors for Continuous Games via Programmatic Policy Search
  6. 2026Physical Atari: A Robust and Accessible Platform for Real-time Reinforcement Learning on Robots
  7. 2024Atari-GPT: Benchmarking Multimodal Large Language Models as Low-Level Policies in Atari Games
  8. 2025The Cell Must Go On: Agar.io for Continual Reinforcement Learning