Reinforcement Learning with Generalizable Gaussian Splatting
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
An excellent representation is crucial for reinforcement learning (RL) performance, especially in vision-based reinforcement learning tasks. The quality of the environment representation directly influences the achievement of the learning task. Previous vision-based RL typically uses explicit or implicit ways to represent environments, such as images, points, voxels, and neural radiance fields. However, these representations contain several drawbacks. They cannot either describe complex local geometries or generalize well to unseen scenes, or require precise foreground masks. Moreover, these implicit neural representations are akin to a ``black box", significantly hindering interpretability. 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), with its explicit scene representation and differentiable rendering nature, is considered a revolutionary change for reconstruction and representation methods. In this paper, we propose a novel Generalizable Gaussian Splatting framework to be the representation of RL tasks, called GSRL. Through validation in the RoboMimic environment, our method achieves better results than other baselines in multiple tasks, improving the performance by 10%, 44%, and 15% compared with baselines on the hardest task. This work is the first attempt to leverage generalizable 3DGS as a representation for RL.
Key facts. Cited by 11 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 40 of its 47 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Mar 2024.
Builds on
40 of 47 references.
References · 40
- 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2021Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windowscited by 12,082
- 2018The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Deep Features as a Perceptual Metriccited by 11,029
- 20233D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Renderingcited by 6,141
- 2016PointNet: Deep Learning on Point Sets for 3D Classification and Segmentationcited by 5,223
- 2020Fourier Features Let Networks Learn High Frequency Functions in Low Dimensional Domainscited by 2,170
- 2021Mip-NeRF 360: Unbounded Anti-Aliased Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 2,013
- 2021Offline Reinforcement Learning with Implicit Q-Learningcited by 1,245
- 2018Off-Policy Deep Reinforcement Learning without Explorationcited by 1,227
- 2018MVSNet: Depth Inference for Unstructured Multi-view Stereocited by 780
- 2020CURL: Contrastive Unsupervised Representations for Reinforcement Learningcited by 745
28 more
- 2022Block-NeRF: Scalable Large Scene Neural View Synthesiscited by 720
- 2021What Matters in Learning from Offline Human Demonstrations for Robot Manipulationcited by 699
- 2023HexPlane: A Fast Representation for Dynamic Scenescited by 582
- 2020robosuite: A Modular Simulation Framework and Benchmark for Robot Learningcited by 484
- 2018DeepVoxels: Learning Persistent 3D Feature Embeddingscited by 401
- 2019DenseFusion: 6D Object Pose Estimation by Iterative Dense Fusioncited by 352
- 2020CosyPose: Consistent multi-view multi-object 6D pose estimationcited by 287
- 2021Contact-GraspNet: Efficient 6-DoF Grasp Generation in Cluttered Scenescited by 213
- 2023GPS-Gaussian: Generalizable Pixel-wise 3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-time Human Novel View Synthesiscited by 170
- 2015Deep Spatial Autoencoders for Visuomotor Learningcited by 149
- 2021FFB6D: A Full Flow Bidirectional Fusion Network for 6D Pose Estimationcited by 144
- 2023NeRF-DS: Neural Radiance Fields for Dynamic Specular Objectscited by 110
- 2019Unsupervised Learning of Object Keypoints for Perception and Controlcited by 109
- 2023GNFactor: Multi-Task Real Robot Learning with Generalizable Neural Feature Fieldscited by 99
- 2019IRIS: Implicit Reinforcement without Interaction at Scale for Learning Control from Offline Robot Manipulation Datacited by 85
- 2022DexPoint: Generalizable Point Cloud Reinforcement Learning for Sim-to-Real Dexterous Manipulationcited by 78
- 2020Keypoints into the Future: Self-Supervised Correspondence in Model-Based Reinforcement Learningcited by 69
- 2022Visual Reinforcement Learning with Self-Supervised 3D Representationscited by 45
- 2022Reinforcement Learning with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 43
- 2018Learning Actionable Representations from Visual Observationscited by 35
- 2021DRIBO: Robust Deep Reinforcement Learning via Multi-View Information Bottleneckcited by 31
- 2020S3K: Self-Supervised Semantic Keypoints for Robotic Manipulation via Multi-View Consistencycited by 28
- 2017PVEs: Position-Velocity Encoders for Unsupervised Learning of Structured State Representationscited by 16
- 2023SNeRL: Semantic-aware Neural Radiance Fields for Reinforcement Learningcited by 16
- 2024Physical Priors Augmented Event-Based 3D Reconstructioncited by 11
- 2023On the Efficacy of 3D Point Cloud Reinforcement Learningcited by 9
- 2024Learning Robust Generalizable Radiance Field with Visibility and Feature Augmented Point Representationcited by 7
- 2022FRAS: Federated Reinforcement Learning empowered Adaptive Point Cloud Video Streamingcited by 1
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 2; 2025: 6; 2026: 3.
11 papers.
- 2025DreamVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model Dreamed with Comprehensive World Knowledgecited by 203
- 2025What Is The Best 3D Scene Representation for Robotics? From Geometric to Foundation Modelscited by 29
- 2024IncEventGS: Pose-Free Gaussian Splatting from a Single Event Cameracited by 20
- 2025MonoDream: Monocular Vision-Language Navigation with Panoramic Dreamingcited by 15
- 2026MVISTA-4D: View-Consistent 4D World Model with Test-Time Action Inference for Robotic Manipulationcited by 13
- 2024EventSplat: 3D Gaussian Splatting from Moving Event Cameras for Real-time Renderingcited by 12
- 2025Humanoid Occupancy: Enabling A Generalized Multimodal Occupancy Perception System on Humanoid Robotscited by 5
- 2025Automated 3D-GS Registration and Fusion via Skeleton Alignment and Gaussian-Adaptive Featurescited by 3
- 2025RLGS: Reinforcement Learning-Based Adaptive Hyperparameter Tuning for Gaussian Splattingcited by 3
- 2026ViserDex: Visual Sim-to-Real for Robust Dexterous In-hand Reorientationcited by 2
- 2026Learning Structural Latent Points for Efficient Visual Representations in Robotic Manipulationcited by 0
- 2026Learning Structural Latent Points for Efficient Visual Representations in Robotic Manipulation20 May 2026
- 2026ViserDex: Visual Sim-to-Real for Robust Dexterous In-hand Reorientation13 Apr 2026
- 2026MVISTA-4D: View-Consistent 4D World Model with Test-Time Action Inference for Robotic Manipulation10 Feb 2026
- 2025What Is The Best 3D Scene Representation for Robotics? From Geometric to Foundation Models3 Dec 2025
- 2025RLGS: Reinforcement Learning-Based Adaptive Hyperparameter Tuning for Gaussian Splatting6 Aug 2025
- 2025MonoDream: Monocular Vision-Language Navigation with Panoramic Dreaming4 Aug 2025
- 2025Automated 3D-GS Registration and Fusion via Skeleton Alignment and Gaussian-Adaptive Features28 Jul 2025
- 2025Humanoid Occupancy: Enabling A Generalized Multimodal Occupancy Perception System on Humanoid Robots27 Jul 2025
- 2025DreamVLA: A Vision-Language-Action Model Dreamed with Comprehensive World Knowledge6 Jul 2025
- 2024EventSplat: 3D Gaussian Splatting from Moving Event Cameras for Real-time Rendering10 Dec 2024
- 2024IncEventGS: Pose-Free Gaussian Splatting from a Single Event Camera10 Oct 2024