OpenEval: Benchmarking Chinese LLMs across Capability, Alignment and Safety
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Abstract (arXiv)
The rapid development of Chinese large language models (LLMs) poses big challenges for efficient LLM evaluation. While current initiatives have introduced new benchmarks or evaluation platforms for assessing Chinese LLMs, many of these focus primarily on capabilities, usually overlooking potential alignment and safety issues. To address this gap, we introduce OpenEval, an evaluation testbed that benchmarks Chinese LLMs across capability, alignment and safety. For capability assessment, we include 12 benchmark datasets to evaluate Chinese LLMs from 4 sub-dimensions: NLP tasks, disciplinary knowledge, commonsense reasoning and mathematical reasoning. For alignment assessment, OpenEval contains 7 datasets that examines the bias, offensiveness and illegalness in the outputs yielded by Chinese LLMs. To evaluate safety, especially anticipated risks (e.g., power-seeking, self-awareness) of advanced LLMs, we include 6 datasets. In addition to these benchmarks, we have implemented a phased public evaluation and benchmark update strategy to ensure that OpenEval is in line with the development of Chinese LLMs or even able to provide cutting-edge benchmark datasets to guide the development of Chinese LLMs. In our first public evaluation, we have tested a range of Chinese LLMs, spanning from 7B to 72B parameters, including both open-source and proprietary models. Evaluation results indicate that while Chinese LLMs have shown impressive performance in certain tasks, more attention should be directed towards broader aspects such as commonsense reasoning, alignment, and safety.
Key facts. Cited by 9 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 62 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Mar 2024.
Builds on
37 of 62 references.
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Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2024: 4; 2025: 2; 2026: 3.
9 papers.
- 2024Star-Agents: Automatic Data Optimization with LLM Agents for Instruction Tuningcited by 14
- 2024Dial-In LLM: Human-Aligned LLM-in-the-loop Intent Clustering for Customer Service Dialoguescited by 11
- 2024What is the best model? Application-driven Evaluation for Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2024CRiskEval: A Chinese Multi-Level Risk Evaluation Benchmark Dataset for Large Language Modelscited by 2
- 2025Evaluating LLMs on Chinese Idiom Translationcited by 2
- 2025Redefining Evaluation Standards: A Unified Framework for Evaluating the Korean Capabilities of Language Modelscited by 1
- 2026DEP: A Decentralized Large Language Model Evaluation Protocolcited by 0
- 2026From Insight to Action: A Novel Framework for Interpretability-Guided Data Selection in Large Language Modelscited by 0
- 2026SkillAtlas: An Attack Trace Library for Agent Skillscited by 0
- 2026SkillAtlas: An Attack Trace Library for Agent Skills11 Sep 2026
- 2026From Insight to Action: A Novel Framework for Interpretability-Guided Data Selection in Large Language Models28 Apr 2026
- 2026DEP: A Decentralized Large Language Model Evaluation Protocol1 Mar 2026
- 2025Evaluating LLMs on Chinese Idiom Translation14 Aug 2025
- 2025Redefining Evaluation Standards: A Unified Framework for Evaluating the Korean Capabilities of Language Models29 Mar 2025
- 2024Dial-In LLM: Human-Aligned LLM-in-the-loop Intent Clustering for Customer Service Dialogues12 Dec 2024
- 2024Star-Agents: Automatic Data Optimization with LLM Agents for Instruction Tuning21 Nov 2024
- 2024What is the best model? Application-driven Evaluation for Large Language Models14 Jun 2024
- 2024CRiskEval: A Chinese Multi-Level Risk Evaluation Benchmark Dataset for Large Language Models7 Jun 2024
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