PatchCraft: Exploring Texture Patch for Efficient AI-generated Image Detection
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Abstract (arXiv)
Recent generative models show impressive performance in generating photographic images. Humans can hardly distinguish such incredibly realistic-looking AI-generated images from real ones. AI-generated images may lead to ubiquitous disinformation dissemination. Therefore, it is of utmost urgency to develop a detector to identify AI generated images. Most existing detectors suffer from sharp performance drops over unseen generative models. In this paper, we propose a novel AI-generated image detector capable of identifying fake images created by a wide range of generative models. We observe that the texture patches of images tend to reveal more traces left by generative models compared to the global semantic information of the images. A novel Smash&Reconstruction preprocessing is proposed to erase the global semantic information and enhance texture patches. Furthermore, pixels in rich texture regions exhibit more significant fluctuations than those in poor texture regions. Synthesizing realistic rich texture regions proves to be more challenging for existing generative models. Based on this principle, we leverage the inter-pixel correlation contrast between rich and poor texture regions within an image to further boost the detection performance. In addition, we build a comprehensive AI-generated image detection benchmark, which includes 17 kinds of prevalent generative models, to evaluate the effectiveness of existing baselines and our approach. Our benchmark provides a leaderboard for follow-up studies. Extensive experimental results show that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art baselines by a significant margin. Our project: https://fdmas.github.io/AIGCDetect
Key facts. Cited by 119 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 35 of its 49 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 21 Nov 2023.
Builds on
35 of 49 references.
References · 35
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23 more
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- 2019CNN-generated images are surprisingly easy to spot... for nowcited by 842
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- 2020Leveraging Frequency Analysis for Deep Fake Image Recognitioncited by 501
- 2023Towards Universal Fake Image Detectors that Generalize Across Generative Modelscited by 483
- 2023DIRE for Diffusion-Generated Image Detectioncited by 386
- 2023GenImage: A Million-Scale Benchmark for Detecting AI-Generated Imagecited by 318
- 2020Watch your Up-Convolution: CNN Based Generative Deep Neural Networks are Failing to Reproduce Spectral Distributionscited by 278
- 2018Deep Video Portraitscited by 265
- 2021Spatial-Phase Shallow Learning: Rethinking Face Forgery Detection in Frequency Domaincited by 241
- 2020Global Texture Enhancement for Fake Face Detection in the Wildcited by 220
- 2019MirrorGAN: Learning Text-to-image Generation by Redescriptioncited by 176
- 2021Are GAN generated images easy to detect? A critical analysis of the state-of-the-artcited by 139
- 2018Neural Voice Cloning with a Few Samplescited by 100
- 2022Fusing Global and Local Features for Generalized AI-Synthesized Image Detectioncited by 88
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- 2020Detecting CNN-Generated Facial Images in Real-World Scenarioscited by 32
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 14; 2025: 51; 2026: 54.
119 papers.
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- 2025Bridging the Gap Between Ideal and Real-world Evaluation: Benchmarking AI-Generated Image Detection in Challenging Scenarioscited by 24
- 2025All Patches Matter, More Patches Better: Enhance AI-Generated Image Detection via Panoptic Patch Learningcited by 23
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- 2026Prior-Conditioned Gaussian Discriminants for Generalizable AI-generated Image Detection19 Aug 2026
- 2026RAID: Towards Robust AI-Generated Image Detection with Bit-Reversed Images31 Jul 2026
- 2026Veritas++: Value-aware On-Policy Distillation for Perception-Enhanced AIGI Detection29 Jul 2026
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- 2025Methods and Trends in Detecting AI-Generated Images: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 12
- 2025LOTA: Bit-Planes Guided AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 10
- 2024Detecting Origin Attribution for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 7
- 2025NS-Net: Decoupling CLIP Semantic Information through NULL-Space for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 7
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- 2026PGC: Peak-Guided Calibration for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 5
- 2024The Cat and Mouse Game: The Ongoing Arms Race Between Diffusion Models and Detection Methodscited by 4
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- 2025Frequency-Calibrated Membership Inference Attacks on Medical Image Diffusion Modelscited by 3
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- 2025When Semantics Regulate: Rethinking Patch Shuffle and Internal Bias for Generated Image Detection with CLIP24 Nov 2025
- 2025DiffSeg30k: A Multi-Turn Diffusion Editing Benchmark for Localized AIGC Detection24 Nov 2025
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- 2026ReAlign: Generalizable Image Forgery Detection via Reasoning-Aligned Representation15 May 2026
- 2026Agentic Mixed-Source Multi-Modal Misinformation Detection with Adaptive Test-Time Scaling3 Mar 2026
- 2025ThinkFake: Reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models for AI-Generated Image Detection24 Sep 2025
- 2025Toward Generalizable Forgery Detection and Reasoning27 Mar 2025
- 2024FakeBench: Probing Explainable Fake Image Detection via Large Multimodal Modelscited by 36
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- 2024Any-Resolution AI-Generated Image Detection by Spectral Learningcited by 56
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- 2025CO-SPY: Combining Semantic and Pixel Features to Detect Synthetic Images by AIcited by 42
- 2025Ivy-Fake: A Unified Explainable Framework and Benchmark for Image and Video AIGC Detectioncited by 34
- 2025Bridging the Gap Between Ideal and Real-world Evaluation: Benchmarking AI-Generated Image Detection in Challenging Scenarioscited by 24
- 2025All Patches Matter, More Patches Better: Enhance AI-Generated Image Detection via Panoptic Patch Learningcited by 23
- 2024TGIF: Text-Guided Inpainting Forgery Datasetcited by 20
- 2026How well are open sourced AI-generated image detection models out-of-the-box: A comprehensive benchmark studycited by 15
- 2024SIDBench: A Python Framework for Reliably Assessing Synthetic Image Detection Methodscited by 14
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- 2026Relative Patch Response Learning for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection8 Oct 2026
- 2026Stop My Dancing! Understanding, Detecting and Attributing Motion-Aware Deepfake Videos8 Oct 2026
- 2026Look Closer: Patch-wise Supervision for AI-Generated Image Detection29 Sep 2026
- 2026Trustworthy synthetic visual media: Evidence across the media lifecycle28 Sep 2026
- 2026Benchmarking Neural Defend ARCAS 1B: A Foundational Multimodal Deepfake Detection Model21 Sep 2026
- 2026Learning Continuous Source Responses For Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection13 Sep 2026
- 2026LoRC: Detecting AI-Generated Images via Low-Rank Collapse in Semantic Residuals21 Aug 2026
- 2026Prior-Conditioned Gaussian Discriminants for Generalizable AI-generated Image Detection19 Aug 2026
- 2026RAID: Towards Robust AI-Generated Image Detection with Bit-Reversed Images31 Jul 2026
- 2026Veritas++: Value-aware On-Policy Distillation for Perception-Enhanced AIGI Detection29 Jul 2026
- 2026DailyBench: A Unified Benchmark for AI-Generated and Manipulated Images from Modern Generative Models27 Jul 2026
- 2026FAIR: Feature-Augmented Implicit Regularization for AI-generated Fake Image Detection24 Jul 2026
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