PGC: Peak-Guided Calibration for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection
On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing
Abstract (arXiv)
The rapid evolution of generative AI, from GANs to modern diffusion models, has resulted in increasingly subtle discriminative clues. These fine-grained signals are often overshadowed by dominant, high-fidelity image content (e.g., the main subject), limiting the reliability of existing detectors that predominantly rely on global representations. To address this challenge, we propose the Peak-Guided Calibration (PGC) framework. PGC introduces a novel strategy that aggregates salient features via a peak-focusing mechanism. Specifically, by employing a peak-sensitive aggregation that accentuates the most discriminative local clues, PGC leverages these critical signals to calibrate the global decision. This approach recovers subtle patterns that would otherwise be submerged in the global context. Furthermore, to better simulate real-world threats, we introduce the CommGen15 dataset, a challenging benchmark comprising samples from 15 commercial models. Extensive experiments demonstrate that PGC achieves state-of-the-art performance. Specifically, it improves mean accuracy by +12.3% on our CommGen15 dataset, and sets new records on standard benchmarks, including GenImage (+2.1%), AIGI (+3.5%), and UniversalFakeDetect (+1.7%). Code is available at https://github.com/xiaoyu6868/PGC.
Key facts. Cited by 6 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 52 of its 75 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 May 2026.
Builds on
52 of 75 references.
Closest ancestors · 11
Same direction, newest first
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- 2024Bi-LORA: A Vision-Language Approach for Synthetic Image Detection2 Apr
- 2024Infinite-ID: Identity-preserved Personalization via ID-semantics Decoupling Paradigm18 Mar
- 2024Enhancing Semantic Fidelity in Text-to-Image Synthesis: Attention Regulation in Diffusion Models11 Mar
- 2024InstantID: Zero-shot Identity-Preserving Generation in Seconds15 Jan
- 2023Forgery-aware Adaptive Transformer for Generalizable Synthetic Image Detection27 Dec
- 2023IP-Adapter: Text Compatible Image Prompt Adapter for Text-to-Image Diffusion Models13 Aug
- 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models20 Dec
Other references · 41
- 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,744
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
- 2014Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Contextcited by 17,608
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,255
- 2023DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervisioncited by 7,974
- 2018A Style-Based Generator Architecture for Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 6,013
- 2023SDXL: Improving Latent Diffusion Models for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,356
- 2022BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generationcited by 4,322
- 2021Zero-Shot Text-to-Image Generationcited by 4,288
- 2024Scaling Rectified Flow Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 4,181
- 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,988
- 2018Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesiscited by 2,626
29 more
- 2019Semantic Image Synthesis with Spatially-Adaptive Normalizationcited by 1,299
- 2021Alias-Free Generative Adversarial Networkscited by 1,184
- 2019FaceForensics++: Learning to Detect Manipulated Facial Imagescited by 1,101
- 2019CNN-generated images are surprisingly easy to spot... for nowcited by 847
- 2021Vector Quantized Diffusion Model for Text-to-Image Synthesiscited by 774
- 2020Leveraging Frequency Analysis for Deep Fake Image Recognitioncited by 504
- 2022StyleGAN-XL: Scaling StyleGAN to Large Diverse Datasetscited by 492
- 2023Towards Universal Fake Image Detectors that Generalize Across Generative Modelscited by 490
- 2018Learning to See in the Darkcited by 460
- 2023PhotoMaker: Customizing Realistic Human Photos via Stacked ID Embeddingcited by 328
- 2023GenImage: A Million-Scale Benchmark for Detecting AI-Generated Imagecited by 321
- 2021SimSwap: An Efficient Framework For High Fidelity Face Swappingcited by 243
- 2017Photographic Image Synthesis with Cascaded Refinement Networkscited by 223
- 2024A Sanity Check for AI-generated Image Detectioncited by 189
- 2023Raising the Bar of AI-generated Image Detection with CLIPcited by 164
- 2021StyleSwin: Transformer-based GAN for High-resolution Image Generationcited by 152
- 2023PatchCraft: Exploring Texture Patch for Efficient AI-generated Image Detectioncited by 122
- 2024SIDA: Social Media Image Deepfake Detection, Localization and Explanation with Large Multimodal Modelcited by 108
- 2024Orthogonal Subspace Decomposition for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 105
- 2024Improving Synthetic Image Detection Towards Generalization: An Image Transformation Perspectivecited by 89
- 2022Fine-Grained Face Swapping via Regional GAN Inversioncited by 67
- 2023Seeing is not always believing: Benchmarking Human and Model Perception of AI-Generated Imagescited by 66
- 2023BlendFace: Re-designing Identity Encoders for Face-Swappingcited by 66
- 2018Diverse Image Synthesis from Semantic Layouts via Conditional IMLEcited by 60
- 2025Dual Data Alignment Makes AI-Generated Image Detector Easier Generalizablecited by 60
- 2025The GAN is dead; long live the GAN! A Modern GAN Baselinecited by 59
- 2023Online Detection of AI-Generated Imagescited by 55
- 2024Real-Time Deepfake Detection in the Real-Worldcited by 51
- 2024Zero-Shot Detection of AI-Generated Imagescited by 50
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2026: 6.
6 papers.
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- 2026ChatGPT Images 2.5 in the Wild: A Launch-Period Dataset and Detector Evaluationcited by 0
- 2026IVT-Guard: All-in-One Reasoning Model for AI-Generated Content Detectioncited by 0
- 2026Certification of Real Images through Calibrated Content Authenticationcited by 0
- 2026Certification of Real Images through Calibrated Content Authentication5 Oct 2026
- 2026IVT-Guard: All-in-One Reasoning Model for AI-Generated Content Detection27 Sep 2026
- 2026ChatGPT Images 2.5 in the Wild: A Launch-Period Dataset and Detector Evaluation14 Sep 2026
- 2026A Benchmark Dataset for MLLM-Generated Image Detection: GPT Image2 & Nano Banana22 Aug 2026
- 2026Veritas++: Value-aware On-Policy Distillation for Perception-Enhanced AIGI Detection29 Jul 2026
- 2026TIGA: Trajectory-Injected Generative Attack against Black-box AIGC Detectors28 Jul 2026
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