TGIF: Text-Guided Inpainting Forgery Dataset
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Abstract (arXiv)
Digital image manipulation has become increasingly accessible and realistic with the advent of generative AI technologies. Recent developments allow for text-guided inpainting, making sophisticated image edits possible with minimal effort. This poses new challenges for digital media forensics. For example, diffusion model-based approaches could either splice the inpainted region into the original image, or regenerate the entire image. In the latter case, traditional image forgery localization (IFL) methods typically fail. This paper introduces the Text-Guided Inpainting Forgery (TGIF) dataset, a comprehensive collection of images designed to support the training and evaluation of image forgery localization and synthetic image detection (SID) methods. The TGIF dataset includes approximately 75k forged images, originating from popular open-source and commercial methods, namely SD2, SDXL, and Adobe Firefly. We benchmark several state-of-the-art IFL and SID methods on TGIF. Whereas traditional IFL methods can detect spliced images, they fail to detect regenerated inpainted images. Moreover, traditional SID may detect the regenerated inpainted images to be fake, but cannot localize the inpainted area. Finally, both IFL and SID methods fail when exposed to stronger compression, while they are less robust to modern compression algorithms, such as WEBP. In conclusion, this work demonstrates the inefficiency of state-of-the-art detectors on local manipulations performed by modern generative approaches, and aspires to help with the development of more capable IFL and SID methods. The dataset and code can be downloaded at https://github.com/IDLabMedia/tgif-dataset.
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 50 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 16 Jul 2024.
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37 of 50 references.
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25 more
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 3; 2025: 6; 2026: 11.
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- 2024Circumventing shortcuts in audio-visual deepfake detection datasets with unsupervised learningcited by 23
- 2024DeCLIP: Decoding CLIP representations for deepfake localizationcited by 17
- 2025Zooming In on Fakes: A Novel Dataset for Localized AI-Generated Image Detection with Forgery Amplification Approachcited by 16
- 2025Navigating the Challenges of AI-Generated Image Detection in the Wild: What Truly Matters?cited by 8
- 2025Common Inpainted Objects In-N-Out of Contextcited by 7
- 2025AnimeDL-2M: Million-Scale AI-Generated Anime Image Detection and Localization in Diffusion Eracited by 4
- 2024Dense Feature Interaction Network for Image Inpainting Localizationcited by 3
- 2026ClueAegis: Heuristic-to-Reasoning Cognitive-skill Learning for Unified Evidence-based Synthetic Image Detectioncited by 1
- 2025DinoLizer: Separating VAE and Diffusion Artifacts in Generative Inpainting Localizationcited by 0
- 2025Detecting Localized Deepfakes: How Well Do Synthetic Image Detectors Handle Inpainting?cited by 0
- 2026PromptForge-350k: A Large-Scale Dataset and Contrastive Framework for Prompt-Based AI Image Forgery Localizationcited by 0
- 2026DiffusionPrint: Learning Generative Fingerprints for Diffusion-Based Inpainting Localizationcited by 0
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- 2026Multi-axis Analysis of Image Manipulation Localizationcited by 0
- 2026Chroma Clues: Leveraging Color Statistics to Detect Synthetic Imagescited by 0
- 2026SARIF: Segment Anything for Robust Image Forensicscited by 0
- 2026BG-REAL: A Public Real-Data Anchored Benchmark for Background Manipulation Detection and Localizationcited by 0
- 2026APT: Anchor-aligned Perturbations for Tamper Localization in Fully Regenerated Imagescited by 0
- 2026Less Supervision, Better Generalization: Weakly Supervised Fake Region Localization in Diffusion-Edited Imagescited by 0
- 2026GIFTBench: Diagnosing Generalization in Image Forgery Localization and Informing Model Designcited by 0
- 2026GIFTBench: Diagnosing Generalization in Image Forgery Localization and Informing Model Design1 Oct 2026
- 2026Less Supervision, Better Generalization: Weakly Supervised Fake Region Localization in Diffusion-Edited Images29 Sep 2026
- 2026APT: Anchor-aligned Perturbations for Tamper Localization in Fully Regenerated Images31 Aug 2026
- 2026BG-REAL: A Public Real-Data Anchored Benchmark for Background Manipulation Detection and Localization28 Jul 2026
- 2026SARIF: Segment Anything for Robust Image Forensics19 Jun 2026
- 2026Chroma Clues: Leveraging Color Statistics to Detect Synthetic Images1 Jun 2026
- 2026ClueAegis: Heuristic-to-Reasoning Cognitive-skill Learning for Unified Evidence-based Synthetic Image Detection24 May 2026
- 2026Multi-axis Analysis of Image Manipulation Localization19 May 2026
- 2026EDGER: EDge-Guided with HEatmap Refinement for Generalizable Image Forgery Localization12 May 2026
- 2026DiffusionPrint: Learning Generative Fingerprints for Diffusion-Based Inpainting Localization14 Apr 2026
- 2026PromptForge-350k: A Large-Scale Dataset and Contrastive Framework for Prompt-Based AI Image Forgery Localization31 Mar 2026
- 2025Detecting Localized Deepfakes: How Well Do Synthetic Image Detectors Handle Inpainting?18 Dec 2025
8 more
- 2025DinoLizer: Separating VAE and Diffusion Artifacts in Generative Inpainting Localization25 Nov 2025
- 2025Navigating the Challenges of AI-Generated Image Detection in the Wild: What Truly Matters?14 Jul 2025
- 2025Common Inpainted Objects In-N-Out of Context31 May 2025
- 2025Zooming In on Fakes: A Novel Dataset for Localized AI-Generated Image Detection with Forgery Amplification Approach16 Apr 2025
- 2025AnimeDL-2M: Million-Scale AI-Generated Anime Image Detection and Localization in Diffusion Era15 Apr 2025
- 2024Circumventing shortcuts in audio-visual deepfake detection datasets with unsupervised learning29 Nov 2024
- 2024DeCLIP: Decoding CLIP representations for deepfake localization12 Sep 2024
- 2024Dense Feature Interaction Network for Image Inpainting Localization5 Aug 2024
- 2024Circumventing shortcuts in audio-visual deepfake detection datasets with unsupervised learningcited by 23
- 2024DeCLIP: Decoding CLIP representations for deepfake localizationcited by 17
- 2025Zooming In on Fakes: A Novel Dataset for Localized AI-Generated Image Detection with Forgery Amplification Approachcited by 16
- 2025Navigating the Challenges of AI-Generated Image Detection in the Wild: What Truly Matters?cited by 8
- 2025Common Inpainted Objects In-N-Out of Contextcited by 7
- 2024Dense Feature Interaction Network for Image Inpainting Localizationcited by 3
- 2026ClueAegis: Heuristic-to-Reasoning Cognitive-skill Learning for Unified Evidence-based Synthetic Image Detectioncited by 1
- 2025DinoLizer: Separating VAE and Diffusion Artifacts in Generative Inpainting Localizationcited by 0
- 2025Detecting Localized Deepfakes: How Well Do Synthetic Image Detectors Handle Inpainting?cited by 0
- 2026PromptForge-350k: A Large-Scale Dataset and Contrastive Framework for Prompt-Based AI Image Forgery Localizationcited by 0
- 2026DiffusionPrint: Learning Generative Fingerprints for Diffusion-Based Inpainting Localizationcited by 0
- 2026EDGER: EDge-Guided with HEatmap Refinement for Generalizable Image Forgery Localizationcited by 0
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026GIFTBench: Diagnosing Generalization in Image Forgery Localization and Informing Model Design1 Oct 2026
- 2026Less Supervision, Better Generalization: Weakly Supervised Fake Region Localization in Diffusion-Edited Images29 Sep 2026
- 2026APT: Anchor-aligned Perturbations for Tamper Localization in Fully Regenerated Images31 Aug 2026
- 2026BG-REAL: A Public Real-Data Anchored Benchmark for Background Manipulation Detection and Localization28 Jul 2026
- 2026SARIF: Segment Anything for Robust Image Forensics19 Jun 2026
- 2026Chroma Clues: Leveraging Color Statistics to Detect Synthetic Images1 Jun 2026
- 2026ClueAegis: Heuristic-to-Reasoning Cognitive-skill Learning for Unified Evidence-based Synthetic Image Detection24 May 2026
- 2026Multi-axis Analysis of Image Manipulation Localization19 May 2026
- 2026EDGER: EDge-Guided with HEatmap Refinement for Generalizable Image Forgery Localization12 May 2026
- 2026DiffusionPrint: Learning Generative Fingerprints for Diffusion-Based Inpainting Localization14 Apr 2026
- 2026PromptForge-350k: A Large-Scale Dataset and Contrastive Framework for Prompt-Based AI Image Forgery Localization31 Mar 2026
- 2025Detecting Localized Deepfakes: How Well Do Synthetic Image Detectors Handle Inpainting?18 Dec 2025
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)
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