Graphologue: Exploring Large Language Model Responses with Interactive Diagrams
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Large language models (LLMs) have recently soared in popularity due to their ease of access and the unprecedented ability to synthesize text responses to diverse user questions. However, LLMs like ChatGPT present significant limitations in supporting complex information tasks due to the insufficient affordances of the text-based medium and linear conversational structure. Through a formative study with ten participants, we found that LLM interfaces often present long-winded responses, making it difficult for people to quickly comprehend and interact flexibly with various pieces of information, particularly during more complex tasks. We present Graphologue, an interactive system that converts text-based responses from LLMs into graphical diagrams to facilitate information-seeking and question-answering tasks. Graphologue employs novel prompting strategies and interface designs to extract entities and relationships from LLM responses and constructs node-link diagrams in real-time. Further, users can interact with the diagrams to flexibly adjust the graphical presentation and to submit context-specific prompts to obtain more information. Utilizing diagrams, Graphologue enables graphical, non-linear dialogues between humans and LLMs, facilitating information exploration, organization, and comprehension.
Key facts. Cited by 66 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 25 of its 107 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 May 2023.
Builds on
25 of 107 references.
References · 25
- 2021Evaluating Large Language Models Trained on Codecited by 8,320
- 2023Sparks of Artificial General Intelligence: Early experiments with GPT-4cited by 2,592
- 2021Learning to Prompt for Vision-Language Modelscited by 2,281
- 2022Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Datacited by 1,742
- 2023Muse: Text-To-Image Generation via Masked Generative Transformerscited by 648
- 2022AudioLM: a Language Modeling Approach to Audio Generationcited by 616
- 2021Prompt Programming for Large Language Models: Beyond the Few-Shot Paradigmcited by 606
- 2023Structure and Content-Guided Video Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 590
- 2023Is ChatGPT a General-Purpose Natural Language Processing Task Solver?cited by 488
- 2021AI Chains: Transparent and Controllable Human-AI Interaction by Chaining Large Language Model Promptscited by 268
- 2021Design Guidelines for Prompt Engineering Text-to-Image Generative Modelscited by 218
- 2022PromptChainer: Chaining Large Language Model Prompts through Visual Programmingcited by 134
13 more
- 2021Examining Zero-Shot Vulnerability Repair with Large Language Modelscited by 105
- 2021Sparks: Inspiration for Science Writing using Language Modelscited by 80
- 2020NL4DV: A Toolkit for Generating Analytic Specifications for Data Visualization from Natural Language Queriescited by 74
- 2021Keep it Simple: Unsupervised Simplification of Multi-Paragraph Textcited by 45
- 2015Text to 3D Scene Generation with Rich Lexical Groundingcited by 36
- 2019Text-to-Viz: Automatic Generation of Infographics from Proportion-Related Natural Language Statementscited by 31
- 2017Iris: A Conversational Agent for Complex Taskscited by 22
- 2022Striking a Balance: Reader Takeaways and Preferences when Integrating Text and Chartscited by 17
- 2022Automatically Generating CS Learning Materials with Large Language Modelscited by 12
- 2017Coupling Story to Visualization: Using Textual Analysis as a Bridge Between Data and Interpretationcited by 6
- 2022Wigglite: Low-cost Information Collection and Triagecited by 5
- 2022Why More Text is (Often) Better: Themes from Reader Preferences for Integration of Charts and Textcited by 4
- 2023CrossCode: Multi-level Visualization of Program Executioncited by 2
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 6; 2024: 21; 2025: 28; 2026: 11.
66 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2023ChainForge: A Visual Toolkit for Prompt Engineering and LLM Hypothesis Testingcited by 88
- 2024A Design Space for Intelligent and Interactive Writing Assistantscited by 76
- 2024Hallucination Detection: Robustly Discerning Reliable Answers in Large Language Modelscited by 44
- 2025Creating General User Models from Computer Usecited by 44
- 2024WaitGPT: Monitoring and Steering Conversational LLM Agent in Data Analysis with On-the-Fly Code Visualizationcited by 39
- 2024Graph Machine Learning in the Era of Large Language Models (LLMs)cited by 33
- 2024Supporting Sensemaking of Large Language Model Outputs at Scalecited by 27
- 2023RELIC: Investigating Large Language Model Responses using Self-Consistencycited by 23
- 2024Patchview: LLM-Powered Worldbuilding with Generative Dust and Magnet Visualizationcited by 23
- 2023ChoiceMates: Supporting Unfamiliar Online Decision-Making with Multi-Agent Conversational Interactionscited by 22
- 2025VeriPlan: Integrating Formal Verification and LLMs into End-User Planningcited by 20
- 2024Prompts Are Programs Too! Understanding How Developers Build Software Containing Promptscited by 19
38 more
- 2023Beyond ChatBots: ExploreLLM for Structured Thoughts and Personalized Model Responsescited by 18
- 2024Position: Towards Bidirectional Human-AI Alignmentcited by 18
- 2024Not Just Novelty: A Longitudinal Study on Utility and Customization of an AI Workflowcited by 14
- 2024DiscipLink: Unfolding Interdisciplinary Information Seeking Process via Human-AI Co-Explorationcited by 10
- 2025Generative AI in Knowledge Work: Design Implications for Data Navigation and Decision-Makingcited by 9
- 2024SituationAdapt: Contextual UI Optimization in Mixed Reality with Situation Awareness via LLM Reasoningcited by 8
- 2025AI-Instruments: Embodying Prompts as Instruments to Abstract & Reflect Graphical Interface Commands as General-Purpose Toolscited by 8
- 2024JailbreakLens: Visual Analysis of Jailbreak Attacks Against Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025Conformal Information Pursuit for Interactively Guiding Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025OnGoal: Tracking and Visualizing Conversational Goals in Multi-Turn Dialogue with Large Language Modelscited by 7
- 2025Improving Human Verification of LLM Reasoning through Interactive Explanation Interfacescited by 7
- 2024Cocobo: Exploring Large Language Models as the Engine for End-User Robot Programmingcited by 6
- 2024Data Analysis in the Era of Generative AIcited by 6
- 2025DesignWeaver: Dimensional Scaffolding for Text-to-Image Product Designcited by 6
- 2025Intent Tagging: Exploring Micro-Prompting Interactions for Supporting Granular Human-GenAI Co-Creation Workflowscited by 6
- 2025Surfacing Variations to Calibrate Perceived Reliability of MLLM-generated Image Descriptionscited by 6
- 2025Generative Interfaces for Language Modelscited by 6
- 2025Orca: Browsing at Scale Through User-Driven and AI-Facilitated Orchestration Across Malleable Webpagescited by 5
- 2025Generative AI for Self-Adaptive Systems: State of the Art and Research Roadmapcited by 5
- 2024Large Language Models Meet User Interfaces: The Case of Provisioning Feedbackcited by 4
- 2024Survey of User Interface Design and Interaction Techniques in Generative AI Applicationscited by 4
- 2024Navigating the Unknown: A Chat-Based Collaborative Interface for Personalized Exploratory Taskscited by 4
- 2025"The Diagram is like Guardrails": Structuring GenAI-assisted Hypotheses Exploration with an Interactive Shared Representationcited by 4
- 2025HealthGenie: Empowering Users with Healthy Dietary Guidance through Knowledge Graph and Large Language Modelscited by 4
- 2024FathomGPT: A Natural Language Interface for Interactively Exploring Ocean Science Datacited by 3
- 2024AI-Enhanced Sensemaking: Exploring the Design of a Generative AI-Based Assistant to Support Genetic Professionalscited by 3
- 2025MeetMap: Real-Time Collaborative Dialogue Mapping with LLMs in Online Meetingscited by 3
- 2025Less or More: Towards Glanceable Explanations for LLM Recommendations Using Ultra-Small Devicescited by 3
- 2025Composable Prompting Workspaces for Creative Writing: Exploration and Iteration Using Dynamic Widgetscited by 3
- 2025MapStory: Prototyping Editable Map Animations with LLM Agentscited by 3
- 2025Evalet: Evaluating Large Language Models through Functional Fragmentationcited by 3
- 2023InstructPipe: Generating Visual Blocks Pipelines with Human Instructions and LLMscited by 2
- 2024Enabling Generative Design Tools with LLM Agents for Mechanical Computation Devices: A Case Studycited by 2
- 2025A Framework for Situating Innovations, Opportunities, and Challenges in Advancing Vertical Systems with Large AI Modelscited by 2
- 2025PromptCanvas: Composable Prompting Workspaces Using Dynamic Widgets for Exploration and Iteration in Creative Writingcited by 2
- 2025StoryEnsemble: Enabling Dynamic Exploration & Iteration in the Design Process with AI and Forward-Backward Propagationcited by 2
- 2024SHAPE-IT: Exploring Text-to-Shape-Display for Generative Shape-Changing Behaviors with LLMscited by 1
- 2025Understanding Prompt Programming Tasks and Questionscited by 1
50 most cited of 66 All 66 (JSON)
- 2026VoCa: Designing Speech-Canvas Interaction for Voice-Based Conversational Agents3 Oct 2026
- 2026FootprintRAG: Visual Analytics for Evidence Context Refinement in RAG-based Scientific Literature Exploration17 Sep 2026
- 2026RecalibrateGPT: AI Fatigue Resilient Conversational Interfaces1 Sep 2026
- 2026AdaLens: Interactive Storyline for Monitoring and Steering Long-Running Agentic Data Analysis18 Aug 2026
- 2026Conversations in Space: Non-Linear LLM Interaction in Everyday Use15 May 2026
- 2026Visual Fingerprints for LLM Generation Comparison7 May 2026
- 2026MindTrellis: Co-Creating Knowledge Structures with AI through Interactive Visual Exploration25 Apr 2026
- 2026PSI: Shared State as the Missing Layer for Coherent AI-Generated Instruments in Personal AI Agents9 Apr 2026
- 2026Mixed-Initiative Context: Structuring and Managing Context for Human-AI Collaboration8 Apr 2026
- 2026Within the MDT Room: Situated in Multidisciplinary Team-Grounded Agent Debate for Clinical Diagnosis30 Mar 2026
- 2026InterDeepResearch: Enabling Human-Agent Collaborative Information Seeking through Interactive Deep Research13 Mar 2026
- 2025ChatGraPhT: A Visual Conversation Interface for Multi-Path Reflection with Agentic LLM Support28 Dec 2025
38 more
- 2025InFerActive: Interactive Tree-Based Exploration of LLM Sampling for Safety Evaluation11 Dec 2025
- 2025Generative AI for Self-Adaptive Systems: State of the Art and Research Roadmap4 Dec 2025
- 2025Improving Human Verification of LLM Reasoning through Interactive Explanation Interfaces27 Oct 2025
- 2025Evalet: Evaluating Large Language Models through Functional Fragmentation14 Sep 2025
- 2025OnGoal: Tracking and Visualizing Conversational Goals in Multi-Turn Dialogue with Large Language Models28 Aug 2025
- 2025Generative Interfaces for Language Models26 Aug 2025
- 2025StoryEnsemble: Enabling Dynamic Exploration & Iteration in the Design Process with AI and Forward-Backward Propagation5 Aug 2025
- 2025Matching Game Preferences Through Dialogical Large Language Models: A Perspective26 Jul 2025
- 2025Understanding Prompt Programming Tasks and Questions23 Jul 2025
- 2025Surfacing Variations to Calibrate Perceived Reliability of MLLM-generated Image Descriptions21 Jul 2025
- 2025Conformal Information Pursuit for Interactively Guiding Large Language Models4 Jul 2025
- 2025VIDEE: Visual and Interactive Decomposition, Execution, and Evaluation of Text Analytics with Intelligent Agents17 Jun 2025
- 2025PromptCanvas: Composable Prompting Workspaces Using Dynamic Widgets for Exploration and Iteration in Creative Writing4 Jun 2025
- 2025Orca: Browsing at Scale Through User-Driven and AI-Facilitated Orchestration Across Malleable Webpages28 May 2025
- 2025MapStory: Prototyping Editable Map Animations with LLM Agents28 May 2025
- 2025Creating General User Models from Computer Use16 May 2025
- 2025HealthGenie: Empowering Users with Healthy Dietary Guidance through Knowledge Graph and Large Language Models20 Apr 2025
- 2025A Framework for Situating Innovations, Opportunities, and Challenges in Advancing Vertical Systems with Large AI Models3 Apr 2025
- 2025Composable Prompting Workspaces for Creative Writing: Exploration and Iteration Using Dynamic Widgets27 Mar 2025
- 2025Generative AI in Knowledge Work: Design Implications for Data Navigation and Decision-Making24 Mar 2025
- 2025"The Diagram is like Guardrails": Structuring GenAI-assisted Hypotheses Exploration with an Interactive Shared Representation21 Mar 2025
- 2025Less or More: Towards Glanceable Explanations for LLM Recommendations Using Ultra-Small Devices26 Feb 2025
- 2025Intent Tagging: Exploring Micro-Prompting Interactions for Supporting Granular Human-GenAI Co-Creation Workflows26 Feb 2025
- 2025AI-Instruments: Embodying Prompts as Instruments to Abstract & Reflect Graphical Interface Commands as General-Purpose Tools26 Feb 2025
- 2025VeriPlan: Integrating Formal Verification and LLMs into End-User Planning25 Feb 2025
- 2025DesignWeaver: Dimensional Scaffolding for Text-to-Image Product Design14 Feb 2025
- 2025MeetMap: Real-Time Collaborative Dialogue Mapping with LLMs in Online Meetings3 Feb 2025
- 2024AI-Enhanced Sensemaking: Exploring the Design of a Generative AI-Based Assistant to Support Genetic Professionals19 Dec 2024
- 2024FathomGPT: A Natural Language Interface for Interactively Exploring Ocean Science Data3 Dec 2024
- 2024Navigating the Unknown: A Chat-Based Collaborative Interface for Personalized Exploratory Tasks31 Oct 2024
- 2024Survey of User Interface Design and Interaction Techniques in Generative AI Applications28 Oct 2024
- 2024Data Analysis in the Era of Generative AI27 Sep 2024
- 2024SituationAdapt: Contextual UI Optimization in Mixed Reality with Situation Awareness via LLM Reasoning19 Sep 2024
- 2024Prompts Are Programs Too! Understanding How Developers Build Software Containing Prompts19 Sep 2024
- 2024SHAPE-IT: Exploring Text-to-Shape-Display for Generative Shape-Changing Behaviors with LLMs10 Sep 2024
- 2024Patchview: LLM-Powered Worldbuilding with Generative Dust and Magnet Visualization7 Aug 2024
- 2024WaitGPT: Monitoring and Steering Conversational LLM Agent in Data Analysis with On-the-Fly Code Visualization3 Aug 2024
- 2024DiscipLink: Unfolding Interdisciplinary Information Seeking Process via Human-AI Co-Exploration1 Aug 2024
50 newest of 66 All 66 (JSON)
- 2024WaitGPT: Monitoring and Steering Conversational LLM Agent in Data Analysis with On-the-Fly Code Visualizationcited by 39
- 2023ChoiceMates: Supporting Unfamiliar Online Decision-Making with Multi-Agent Conversational Interactionscited by 22
- 2025MapStory: Prototyping Editable Map Animations with LLM Agentscited by 3
- 2024Enabling Generative Design Tools with LLM Agents for Mechanical Computation Devices: A Case Studycited by 2
- 2026InterDeepResearch: Enabling Human-Agent Collaborative Information Seeking through Interactive Deep Researchcited by 1
- 2025VIDEE: Visual and Interactive Decomposition, Execution, and Evaluation of Text Analytics with Intelligent Agentscited by 0
- 2025ChatGraPhT: A Visual Conversation Interface for Multi-Path Reflection with Agentic LLM Supportcited by 0
- 2026Within the MDT Room: Situated in Multidisciplinary Team-Grounded Agent Debate for Clinical Diagnosiscited by 0
- 2026AdaLens: Interactive Storyline for Monitoring and Steering Long-Running Agentic Data Analysiscited by 0
- 2026AdaLens: Interactive Storyline for Monitoring and Steering Long-Running Agentic Data Analysis18 Aug 2026
- 2026Within the MDT Room: Situated in Multidisciplinary Team-Grounded Agent Debate for Clinical Diagnosis30 Mar 2026
- 2026InterDeepResearch: Enabling Human-Agent Collaborative Information Seeking through Interactive Deep Research13 Mar 2026
- 2025ChatGraPhT: A Visual Conversation Interface for Multi-Path Reflection with Agentic LLM Support28 Dec 2025
- 2025VIDEE: Visual and Interactive Decomposition, Execution, and Evaluation of Text Analytics with Intelligent Agents17 Jun 2025
- 2025MapStory: Prototyping Editable Map Animations with LLM Agents28 May 2025
- 2024WaitGPT: Monitoring and Steering Conversational LLM Agent in Data Analysis with On-the-Fly Code Visualization3 Aug 2024
- 2024Enabling Generative Design Tools with LLM Agents for Mechanical Computation Devices: A Case Study28 May 2024
- 2023ChoiceMates: Supporting Unfamiliar Online Decision-Making with Multi-Agent Conversational Interactions2 Oct 2023
- 2023RELIC: Investigating Large Language Model Responses using Self-Consistencycited by 23
- 2023Beyond ChatBots: ExploreLLM for Structured Thoughts and Personalized Model Responsescited by 18
- 2024SituationAdapt: Contextual UI Optimization in Mixed Reality with Situation Awareness via LLM Reasoningcited by 8
- 2025Improving Human Verification of LLM Reasoning through Interactive Explanation Interfacescited by 7
- 2025Improving Human Verification of LLM Reasoning through Interactive Explanation Interfaces27 Oct 2025
- 2024SituationAdapt: Contextual UI Optimization in Mixed Reality with Situation Awareness via LLM Reasoning19 Sep 2024
- 2023Beyond ChatBots: ExploreLLM for Structured Thoughts and Personalized Model Responses1 Dec 2023
- 2023RELIC: Investigating Large Language Model Responses using Self-Consistency28 Nov 2023
- 2024Position: Towards Bidirectional Human-AI Alignmentcited by 18
- 2024Position: Towards Bidirectional Human-AI Alignment13 Jun 2024
- 2023ChainForge: A Visual Toolkit for Prompt Engineering and LLM Hypothesis Testingcited by 88
- 2024A Design Space for Intelligent and Interactive Writing Assistantscited by 76
- 2024Hallucination Detection: Robustly Discerning Reliable Answers in Large Language Modelscited by 44
- 2025Creating General User Models from Computer Usecited by 44
- 2024Graph Machine Learning in the Era of Large Language Models (LLMs)cited by 33
- 2024Supporting Sensemaking of Large Language Model Outputs at Scalecited by 27
- 2024Patchview: LLM-Powered Worldbuilding with Generative Dust and Magnet Visualizationcited by 23
- 2025VeriPlan: Integrating Formal Verification and LLMs into End-User Planningcited by 20
- 2024Prompts Are Programs Too! Understanding How Developers Build Software Containing Promptscited by 19
- 2024Not Just Novelty: A Longitudinal Study on Utility and Customization of an AI Workflowcited by 14
- 2024DiscipLink: Unfolding Interdisciplinary Information Seeking Process via Human-AI Co-Explorationcited by 10
- 2025Generative AI in Knowledge Work: Design Implications for Data Navigation and Decision-Makingcited by 9
12 most cited of 49 All 49 (JSON)
- 2026VoCa: Designing Speech-Canvas Interaction for Voice-Based Conversational Agents3 Oct 2026
- 2026RecalibrateGPT: AI Fatigue Resilient Conversational Interfaces1 Sep 2026
- 2026Conversations in Space: Non-Linear LLM Interaction in Everyday Use15 May 2026
- 2026Visual Fingerprints for LLM Generation Comparison7 May 2026
- 2026MindTrellis: Co-Creating Knowledge Structures with AI through Interactive Visual Exploration25 Apr 2026
- 2026PSI: Shared State as the Missing Layer for Coherent AI-Generated Instruments in Personal AI Agents9 Apr 2026
- 2026Mixed-Initiative Context: Structuring and Managing Context for Human-AI Collaboration8 Apr 2026
- 2025InFerActive: Interactive Tree-Based Exploration of LLM Sampling for Safety Evaluation11 Dec 2025
- 2025Generative AI for Self-Adaptive Systems: State of the Art and Research Roadmap4 Dec 2025
- 2025Evalet: Evaluating Large Language Models through Functional Fragmentation14 Sep 2025
- 2025OnGoal: Tracking and Visualizing Conversational Goals in Multi-Turn Dialogue with Large Language Models28 Aug 2025
- 2025Generative Interfaces for Language Models26 Aug 2025
12 newest of 49 All 49 (JSON)