Visual Fingerprints for LLM Generation Comparison
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Abstract (arXiv)
Large language model (LLM) outputs arise from complex interactions among prompts, system instructions, model parameters, and architecture. We refer to specific configurations of these factors as generation conditions, each of which can bias outputs in various ways. Understanding how different generation conditions shape model behaviors is essential for tasks such as prompt design and model evaluation, yet it remains challenging due to the stochastic and open-ended nature of text generation. We present an approach to visually compare LLM outputs across generation conditions by modeling responses as collections of linguistic choices, including content, expression, and structure. We extract these choices using natural language processing pipelines and represent their distributions across repeated samples. We then visualize these distributions as visual fingerprints, enabling direct, distribution-level comparison of condition-specific tendencies. Through four usage scenarios, we demonstrate how visual fingerprints reveal consistent patterns in LLM behavior that are difficult to observe through individual responses or aggregate metrics.
Key facts. No citing papers in the map yet (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 24 of its 38 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 7 May 2026.
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References · 24
- 2024MMLU-Pro: A More Robust and Challenging Multi-Task Language Understanding Benchmarkcited by 1,848
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- 2024Should We Respect LLMs? A Cross-Lingual Study on the Influence of Prompt Politeness on LLM Performancecited by 41
- 2024LLM Comparator: Visual Analytics for Side-by-Side Evaluation of Large Language Modelscited by 29
- 2023Experimental Narratives: A Comparison of Human Crowdsourced Storytelling and AI Storytellingcited by 27
12 more
- 2024Supporting Sensemaking of Large Language Model Outputs at Scalecited by 27
- 2023RELIC: Investigating Large Language Model Responses using Self-Consistencycited by 23
- 2017Scattertext: a Browser-Based Tool for Visualizing how Corpora Differcited by 22
- 2025Interactive Reasoning: Visualizing and Controlling Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Large Language Modelscited by 9
- 2025From Benchmarks to Skills: Low-Rank Factors for LLM Evaluationcited by 9
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- 2026Evaluating Ill-Defined Tasks in Large Language Modelscited by 3
- 2013Word Storms: Multiples of Word Clouds for Visual Comparison of Documentscited by 2
- 2025Using language models to label clusters of scientific documentscited by 2
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