GazeOnce: Real-Time Multi-Person Gaze Estimation
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
Appearance-based gaze estimation aims to predict the 3D eye gaze direction from a single image. While recent deep learning-based approaches have demonstrated excellent performance, they usually assume one calibrated face in each input image and cannot output multi-person gaze in real time. However, simultaneous gaze estimation for multiple people in the wild is necessary for real-world applications. In this paper, we propose the first one-stage end-to-end gaze estimation method, GazeOnce, which is capable of simultaneously predicting gaze directions for multiple faces (>10) in an image. In addition, we design a sophisticated data generation pipeline and propose a new dataset, MPSGaze, which contains full images of multiple people with 3D gaze ground truth. Experimental results demonstrate that our unified framework not only offers a faster speed, but also provides a lower gaze estimation error compared with state-of-the-art methods. This technique can be useful in real-time applications with multiple users.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 32 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Apr 2022.
Builds on
18 of 32 references.
References · 18
- 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
- 2018MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottleneckscited by 4,773
- 2015SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detectorcited by 3,125
- 2016Joint Face Detection and Alignment using Multi-task Cascaded Convolutional Networkscited by 895
- 2015WIDER FACE: A Face Detection Benchmarkcited by 297
- 2019Gaze360: Physically Unconstrained Gaze Estimation in the Wildcited by 173
- 2015Appearance-Based Gaze Estimation in the Wildcited by 153
- 2020ETH-XGaze: A Large Scale Dataset for Gaze Estimation under Extreme Head Pose and Gaze Variationcited by 141
- 2019Adaptive Wing Loss for Robust Face Alignment via Heatmap Regressioncited by 127
- 2016It's Written All Over Your Face: Full-Face Appearance-Based Gaze Estimationcited by 123
- 2016HyperFace: A Deep Multi-task Learning Framework for Face Detection, Landmark Localization, Pose Estimation, and Gender Recognitioncited by 103
- 2021Gaze Estimation using Transformercited by 68
6 more
- 2020A Coarse-to-Fine Adaptive Network for Appearance-Based Gaze Estimationcited by 66
- 2020img2pose: Face Alignment and Detection via 6DoF, Face Pose Estimationcited by 57
- 2017SSH: Single Stage Headless Face Detectorcited by 40
- 2021Adaptive Feature Fusion Network for Gaze Tracking in Mobile Tabletscited by 29
- 2021DECA: Deep viewpoint-Equivariant human pose estimation using Capsule Autoencoderscited by 23
- 2020Deep semantic gaze embedding and scanpath comparison for expertise classification during OPT viewingcited by 17
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 5; 2024: 4; 2025: 4; 2026: 2.
17 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2024What Do You See in Vehicle? Comprehensive Vision Solution for In-Vehicle Gaze Estimationcited by 14
- 2022GazeNeRF: 3D-Aware Gaze Redirection with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 12
- 20223DGazeNet: Generalizing Gaze Estimation with Weak-Supervision from Synthetic Viewscited by 11
- 2023EFE: End-to-end Frame-to-Gaze Estimationcited by 11
- 2024GazeGaussian: High-Fidelity Gaze Redirection with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 9
- 2025Enhancing 3D Gaze Estimation in the Wild using Weak Supervision with Gaze Following Labelscited by 9
- 2025GazeVLM: A Vision-Language Model for Multi-Task Gaze Understandingcited by 9
- 2023UVAGaze: Unsupervised 1-to-2 Views Adaptation for Gaze Estimationcited by 5
- 2024Predicting the Intention to Interact with a Service Robot:the Role of Gaze Cuescited by 5
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglementcited by 3
- 2023Leveraging Driver Field-of-View for Multimodal Ego-Trajectory Predictioncited by 2
- 2025Seeing Through Deepfakes: A Human-Inspired Framework for Multi-Face Detectioncited by 2
5 more
- 2023Model-aware 3D Eye Gaze from Weak and Few-shot Supervisionscited by 1
- 2025GaTector+: A Unified Head-free Framework for Gaze Object and Gaze Following Predictioncited by 1
- 2024Lightweight Gaze Estimation Model Via Fusion Global Informationcited by 0
- 2026GazeOnce360: Fisheye-Based 360deg Multi-Person Gaze Estimation with Global-Local Feature Fusioncited by 0
- 2026Gaze Target Estimation Anywhere with Conceptscited by 0
- 2026Gaze Target Estimation Anywhere with Concepts11 Aug 2026
- 2026GazeOnce360: Fisheye-Based 360deg Multi-Person Gaze Estimation with Global-Local Feature Fusion17 Mar 2026
- 2025GazeVLM: A Vision-Language Model for Multi-Task Gaze Understanding9 Nov 2025
- 2025GaTector+: A Unified Head-free Framework for Gaze Object and Gaze Following Prediction29 Oct 2025
- 2025Seeing Through Deepfakes: A Human-Inspired Framework for Multi-Face Detection20 Jul 2025
- 2025Enhancing 3D Gaze Estimation in the Wild using Weak Supervision with Gaze Following Labels27 Feb 2025
- 2024Lightweight Gaze Estimation Model Via Fusion Global Information27 Nov 2024
- 2024GazeGaussian: High-Fidelity Gaze Redirection with 3D Gaussian Splatting20 Nov 2024
- 2024Predicting the Intention to Interact with a Service Robot:the Role of Gaze Cues2 Apr 2024
- 2024What Do You See in Vehicle? Comprehensive Vision Solution for In-Vehicle Gaze Estimation23 Mar 2024
- 2023UVAGaze: Unsupervised 1-to-2 Views Adaptation for Gaze Estimation25 Dec 2023
- 2023Leveraging Driver Field-of-View for Multimodal Ego-Trajectory Prediction13 Dec 2023
5 more
- 2023Model-aware 3D Eye Gaze from Weak and Few-shot Supervisions20 Nov 2023
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglement25 May 2023
- 2023EFE: End-to-end Frame-to-Gaze Estimation9 May 2023
- 2022GazeNeRF: 3D-Aware Gaze Redirection with Neural Radiance Fields8 Dec 2022
- 20223DGazeNet: Generalizing Gaze Estimation with Weak-Supervision from Synthetic Views6 Dec 2022
- 2024What Do You See in Vehicle? Comprehensive Vision Solution for In-Vehicle Gaze Estimationcited by 14
- 2022GazeNeRF: 3D-Aware Gaze Redirection with Neural Radiance Fieldscited by 12
- 20223DGazeNet: Generalizing Gaze Estimation with Weak-Supervision from Synthetic Viewscited by 11
- 2023EFE: End-to-end Frame-to-Gaze Estimationcited by 11
- 2024GazeGaussian: High-Fidelity Gaze Redirection with 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 9
- 2025Enhancing 3D Gaze Estimation in the Wild using Weak Supervision with Gaze Following Labelscited by 9
- 2023UVAGaze: Unsupervised 1-to-2 Views Adaptation for Gaze Estimationcited by 5
- 2024Predicting the Intention to Interact with a Service Robot:the Role of Gaze Cuescited by 5
- 2023Domain-Adaptive Full-Face Gaze Estimation via Novel-View-Synthesis and Feature Disentanglementcited by 3
- 2023Leveraging Driver Field-of-View for Multimodal Ego-Trajectory Predictioncited by 2
- 2025Seeing Through Deepfakes: A Human-Inspired Framework for Multi-Face Detectioncited by 2
- 2023Model-aware 3D Eye Gaze from Weak and Few-shot Supervisionscited by 1
12 most cited of 16 All 16 (JSON)
- 2026Gaze Target Estimation Anywhere with Concepts11 Aug 2026
- 2026GazeOnce360: Fisheye-Based 360deg Multi-Person Gaze Estimation with Global-Local Feature Fusion17 Mar 2026
- 2025GaTector+: A Unified Head-free Framework for Gaze Object and Gaze Following Prediction29 Oct 2025
- 2025Seeing Through Deepfakes: A Human-Inspired Framework for Multi-Face Detection20 Jul 2025
- 2025Enhancing 3D Gaze Estimation in the Wild using Weak Supervision with Gaze Following Labels27 Feb 2025
- 2024Lightweight Gaze Estimation Model Via Fusion Global Information27 Nov 2024
- 2024GazeGaussian: High-Fidelity Gaze Redirection with 3D Gaussian Splatting20 Nov 2024
- 2024Predicting the Intention to Interact with a Service Robot:the Role of Gaze Cues2 Apr 2024
- 2024What Do You See in Vehicle? Comprehensive Vision Solution for In-Vehicle Gaze Estimation23 Mar 2024
- 2023UVAGaze: Unsupervised 1-to-2 Views Adaptation for Gaze Estimation25 Dec 2023
- 2023Leveraging Driver Field-of-View for Multimodal Ego-Trajectory Prediction13 Dec 2023
- 2023Model-aware 3D Eye Gaze from Weak and Few-shot Supervisions20 Nov 2023
12 newest of 16 All 16 (JSON)