Improving Playtesting Coverage via Curiosity Driven Reinforcement Learning Agents
Not on the map. Why?
Abstract (arXiv)
As modern games continue growing both in size and complexity, it has become more challenging to ensure that all the relevant content is tested and that any potential issue is properly identified and fixed. Attempting to maximize testing coverage using only human participants, however, results in a tedious and hard to orchestrate process which normally slows down the development cycle. Complementing playtesting via autonomous agents has shown great promise accelerating and simplifying this process. This paper addresses the problem of automatically exploring and testing a given scenario using reinforcement learning agents trained to maximize game state coverage. Each of these agents is rewarded based on the novelty of its actions, thus encouraging a curious and exploratory behaviour on a complex 3D scenario where previously proposed exploration techniques perform poorly. The curious agents are able to learn the complex navigation mechanics required to reach the different areas around the map, thus providing the necessary data to identify potential issues. Moreover, the paper also explores different visualization strategies and evaluates how to make better use of the collected data to drive design decisions and to recognize possible problems and oversights.
Key facts. Cited by 28 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 6 of its 17 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 25 Mar 2021.
Builds on
6 of 17 references.
References · 6
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 14,441
- 2017Curiosity-driven Exploration by Self-supervised Predictioncited by 1,173
- 2016Unifying Count-Based Exploration and Intrinsic Motivationcited by 632
- 2019A survey on intrinsic motivation in reinforcement learningcited by 79
- 2018Automated Playtesting with Procedural Personas through MCTS with Evolved Heuristicscited by 28
- 2018Taking the Scenic Route: Automatic Exploration for Videogamescited by 6
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2021: 5; 2022: 10; 2023: 5; 2024: 1; 2025: 4; 2026: 3.
28 papers.
Sort:
By area:
- 2021Direct Behavior Specification via Constrained Reinforcement Learningcited by 30
- 2022CLIP meets GamePhysics: Towards bug identification in gameplay videos using zero-shot transfer learningcited by 15
- 2022Towards Informed Design and Validation Assistance in Computer Games Using Imitation Learningcited by 13
- 2023Technical Challenges of Deploying Reinforcement Learning Agents for Game Testing in AAA Gamescited by 12
- 2022Inspector: Pixel-Based Automated Game Testing via Exploration, Detection, and Investigationcited by 7
- 2022CCPT: Automatic Gameplay Testing and Validation with Curiosity-Conditioned Proximal Trajectoriescited by 6
- 2022Giving Feedback on Interactive Student Programs with Meta-Explorationcited by 6
- 2021Graph augmented Deep Reinforcement Learning in the GameRLand3D environmentcited by 5
- 2022Learning to Identify Perceptual Bugs in 3D Video Gamescited by 5
- 2021Godot Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 4
- 2023Improving Generalization in Game Agents with Data Augmentation in Imitation Learningcited by 4
- 2021Play to Grade: Testing Coding Games as Classifying Markov Decision Processcited by 3
16 more
- 2022World of Bugs: A Platform for Automated Bug Detection in 3D Video Gamescited by 3
- 2022Go-Explore Complex 3D Game Environments for Automated Reachability Testingcited by 3
- 2023Generating Personas for Games with Multimodal Adversarial Imitation Learningcited by 3
- 2023Preference-conditioned Pixel-based AI Agent For Game Testingcited by 3
- 2025Bayesian Optimization-based Search for Agent Control in Automated Game Testingcited by 3
- 2021Playtesting: What is Beyond Personascited by 2
- 2022Automatic Testing and Validation of Level of Detail Reductions Through Supervised Learningcited by 2
- 2025Synergizing Code Coverage and Gameplay Intent: Coverage-Aware Game Playtesting with LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Eracited by 2
- 2022Efficient Exploration via First-Person Behavior Cloning Assisted Rapidly-Exploring Random Treescited by 1
- 2023Automatic Bug Detection in Games using LSTM Networkscited by 1
- 2025Knowledge Graph-enhanced Large Language Model for Incremental Game PlayTestingcited by 1
- 2024Cooperative Multi-agent Approach for Automated Computer Game Testingcited by 0
- 2025UBCL: A Reinforcement Learning Framework for Controllable and Diverse Player Behaviorscited by 0
- 2026CA2: Code-Aware Agent for Automated Game Testingcited by 0
- 2026Reward-Adaptive Iterative Discovery: A Case Study on Automated Game Testing for NHL26cited by 0
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Era15 Sep 2026
- 2026Reward-Adaptive Iterative Discovery: A Case Study on Automated Game Testing for NHL268 Jul 2026
- 2026CA2: Code-Aware Agent for Automated Game Testing13 May 2026
- 2025Synergizing Code Coverage and Gameplay Intent: Coverage-Aware Game Playtesting with LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learning14 Dec 2025
- 2025UBCL: A Reinforcement Learning Framework for Controllable and Diverse Player Behaviors11 Dec 2025
- 2025Knowledge Graph-enhanced Large Language Model for Incremental Game PlayTesting4 Nov 2025
- 2025Bayesian Optimization-based Search for Agent Control in Automated Game Testing18 Aug 2025
- 2024Cooperative Multi-agent Approach for Automated Computer Game Testing18 May 2024
- 2023Automatic Bug Detection in Games using LSTM Networks13 Dec 2023
- 2023Improving Generalization in Game Agents with Data Augmentation in Imitation Learning22 Sep 2023
- 2023Preference-conditioned Pixel-based AI Agent For Game Testing18 Aug 2023
- 2023Generating Personas for Games with Multimodal Adversarial Imitation Learning15 Aug 2023
16 more
- 2023Technical Challenges of Deploying Reinforcement Learning Agents for Game Testing in AAA Games19 Jul 2023
- 2022Giving Feedback on Interactive Student Programs with Meta-Exploration16 Nov 2022
- 2022Go-Explore Complex 3D Game Environments for Automated Reachability Testing1 Sep 2022
- 2022Automatic Testing and Validation of Level of Detail Reductions Through Supervised Learning25 Aug 2022
- 2022Towards Informed Design and Validation Assistance in Computer Games Using Imitation Learning15 Aug 2022
- 2022Inspector: Pixel-Based Automated Game Testing via Exploration, Detection, and Investigation18 Jul 2022
- 2022World of Bugs: A Platform for Automated Bug Detection in 3D Video Games21 Jun 2022
- 2022Efficient Exploration via First-Person Behavior Cloning Assisted Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees23 Mar 2022
- 2022CLIP meets GamePhysics: Towards bug identification in gameplay videos using zero-shot transfer learning21 Mar 2022
- 2022Learning to Identify Perceptual Bugs in 3D Video Games25 Feb 2022
- 2022CCPT: Automatic Gameplay Testing and Validation with Curiosity-Conditioned Proximal Trajectories21 Feb 2022
- 2021Direct Behavior Specification via Constrained Reinforcement Learning22 Dec 2021
- 2021Graph augmented Deep Reinforcement Learning in the GameRLand3D environment22 Dec 2021
- 2021Godot Reinforcement Learning Agents7 Dec 2021
- 2021Play to Grade: Testing Coding Games as Classifying Markov Decision Process27 Oct 2021
- 2021Playtesting: What is Beyond Personas26 Jul 2021
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Eracited by 2
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Era15 Sep 2026
- 2021Direct Behavior Specification via Constrained Reinforcement Learningcited by 30
- 2022CLIP meets GamePhysics: Towards bug identification in gameplay videos using zero-shot transfer learningcited by 15
- 2023Technical Challenges of Deploying Reinforcement Learning Agents for Game Testing in AAA Gamescited by 12
- 2022Inspector: Pixel-Based Automated Game Testing via Exploration, Detection, and Investigationcited by 7
- 2022CCPT: Automatic Gameplay Testing and Validation with Curiosity-Conditioned Proximal Trajectoriescited by 6
- 2022Giving Feedback on Interactive Student Programs with Meta-Explorationcited by 6
- 2021Graph augmented Deep Reinforcement Learning in the GameRLand3D environmentcited by 5
- 2022Learning to Identify Perceptual Bugs in 3D Video Gamescited by 5
- 2021Godot Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 4
- 2021Play to Grade: Testing Coding Games as Classifying Markov Decision Processcited by 3
- 2022World of Bugs: A Platform for Automated Bug Detection in 3D Video Gamescited by 3
- 2022Go-Explore Complex 3D Game Environments for Automated Reachability Testingcited by 3
12 most cited of 24 All 24 (JSON)
- 2026Reward-Adaptive Iterative Discovery: A Case Study on Automated Game Testing for NHL268 Jul 2026
- 2026CA2: Code-Aware Agent for Automated Game Testing13 May 2026
- 2025Synergizing Code Coverage and Gameplay Intent: Coverage-Aware Game Playtesting with LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learning14 Dec 2025
- 2025UBCL: A Reinforcement Learning Framework for Controllable and Diverse Player Behaviors11 Dec 2025
- 2025Knowledge Graph-enhanced Large Language Model for Incremental Game PlayTesting4 Nov 2025
- 2025Bayesian Optimization-based Search for Agent Control in Automated Game Testing18 Aug 2025
- 2024Cooperative Multi-agent Approach for Automated Computer Game Testing18 May 2024
- 2023Automatic Bug Detection in Games using LSTM Networks13 Dec 2023
- 2023Preference-conditioned Pixel-based AI Agent For Game Testing18 Aug 2023
- 2023Technical Challenges of Deploying Reinforcement Learning Agents for Game Testing in AAA Games19 Jul 2023
- 2022Giving Feedback on Interactive Student Programs with Meta-Exploration16 Nov 2022
- 2022Go-Explore Complex 3D Game Environments for Automated Reachability Testing1 Sep 2022
12 newest of 24 All 24 (JSON)