Technical Challenges of Deploying Reinforcement Learning Agents for Game Testing in AAA Games
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Abstract (arXiv)
Going from research to production, especially for large and complex software systems, is fundamentally a hard problem. In large-scale game production, one of the main reasons is that the development environment can be very different from the final product. In this technical paper we describe an effort to add an experimental reinforcement learning system to an existing automated game testing solution based on scripted bots in order to increase its capacity. We report on how this reinforcement learning system was integrated with the aim to increase test coverage similar to [1] in a set of AAA games including Battlefield 2042 and Dead Space (2023). The aim of this technical paper is to show a use-case of leveraging reinforcement learning in game production and cover some of the largest time sinks anyone who wants to make the same journey for their game may encounter. Furthermore, to help the game industry to adopt this technology faster, we propose a few research directions that we believe will be valuable and necessary for making machine learning, and especially reinforcement learning, an effective tool in game production.
Key facts. Cited by 12 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 14 of its 31 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 19 Jul 2023.
Builds on
14 of 31 references.
References · 14
- 2017Proximal Policy Optimization Algorithmscited by 15,215
- 2018Soft Actor-Critic: Off-Policy Maximum Entropy Deep Reinforcement Learning with a Stochastic Actorcited by 4,885
- 2016OpenAI Gymcited by 1,736
- 2016Generative Adversarial Imitation Learningcited by 1,597
- 2021Augmenting Automated Game Testing with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 38
- 2018Automated Playtesting with Procedural Personas through MCTS with Evolved Heuristicscited by 28
- 2021Improving Playtesting Coverage via Curiosity Driven Reinforcement Learning Agentscited by 28
- 2022Honor of Kings Arena: an Environment for Generalization in Competitive Reinforcement Learningcited by 28
- 2020Deep Reinforcement Learning for Navigation in AAA Video Gamescited by 27
- 2018Imitation Learning with Concurrent Actions in 3D Gamescited by 18
- 2021Navigation Turing Test (NTT): Learning to Evaluate Human-Like Navigationcited by 17
- 2019Automated Playtesting of Matching Tile Gamescited by 10
Built on by
Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 2; 2025: 6; 2026: 3.
12 papers.
- 2025A Comprehensive Review of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Video Gamescited by 9
- 2023Visual Encoders for Data-Efficient Imitation Learning in Modern Video Gamescited by 6
- 2024Reinforcement Learning for High-Level Strategic Control in Tower Defense Gamescited by 3
- 2025Real-Time Diffusion Policies for Games: Enhancing Consistency Policies with Q-Ensemblescited by 3
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Eracited by 3
- 2025Human-Like Goalkeeping in a Realistic Football Simulation: a Sample-Efficient Reinforcement Learning Approachcited by 2
- 2025Self-correcting Reward Shaping via Language Models for Reinforcement Learning Agents in Gamescited by 1
- 2024Intrinsic Dynamics-Driven Generalizable Scene Representations for Vision-Oriented Decision-Making Applicationscited by 0
- 2025TROFI: Trajectory-Ranked Offline Inverse Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2025VRScout: Towards Real-Time, Autonomous Testing of Virtual Reality Gamescited by 0
- 2026CA2: Code-Aware Agent for Automated Game Testingcited by 0
- 2026Augmenting Game AI with Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 0
- 2026AI for Games in the Foundation Model Era15 Sep 2026
- 2026Augmenting Game AI with Deep Reinforcement Learning18 Jun 2026
- 2026CA2: Code-Aware Agent for Automated Game Testing13 May 2026
- 2025Human-Like Goalkeeping in a Realistic Football Simulation: a Sample-Efficient Reinforcement Learning Approach27 Oct 2025
- 2025VRScout: Towards Real-Time, Autonomous Testing of Virtual Reality Games18 Sep 2025
- 2025A Comprehensive Review of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Video Games3 Sep 2025
- 2025Self-correcting Reward Shaping via Language Models for Reinforcement Learning Agents in Games30 Jun 2025
- 2025TROFI: Trajectory-Ranked Offline Inverse Reinforcement Learning27 Jun 2025
- 2025Real-Time Diffusion Policies for Games: Enhancing Consistency Policies with Q-Ensembles21 Mar 2025
- 2024Reinforcement Learning for High-Level Strategic Control in Tower Defense Games12 Jun 2024
- 2024Intrinsic Dynamics-Driven Generalizable Scene Representations for Vision-Oriented Decision-Making Applications30 May 2024
- 2023Visual Encoders for Data-Efficient Imitation Learning in Modern Video Games4 Dec 2023