mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Learning to See in the Dark

arXiv 1805.01934 ↗First posted 4 May 2018cs.CV cs.GR cs.LGcited by 459

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Cited by 35 in Diffusion models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

Imaging in low light is challenging due to low photon count and low SNR. Short-exposure images suffer from noise, while long exposure can induce blur and is often impractical. A variety of denoising, deblurring, and enhancement techniques have been proposed, but their effectiveness is limited in extreme conditions, such as video-rate imaging at night. To support the development of learning-based pipelines for low-light image processing, we introduce a dataset of raw short-exposure low-light images, with corresponding long-exposure reference images. Using the presented dataset, we develop a pipeline for processing low-light images, based on end-to-end training of a fully-convolutional network. The network operates directly on raw sensor data and replaces much of the traditional image processing pipeline, which tends to perform poorly on such data. We report promising results on the new dataset, analyze factors that affect performance, and highlight opportunities for future work. The results are shown in the supplementary video at https://youtu.be/qWKUFK7MWvg

Key facts. Cited by 459 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 4 May 2018.

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2021: 69; 2022: 68; 2023: 87; 2024: 88; 2025: 77; 2026: 70.

459 papers.

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  1. 2021Multi-Stage Progressive Image Restorationcited by 813
  2. 2023Towards Universal Fake Image Detectors that Generalize Across Generative Modelscited by 483
  3. 2021NeRF in the Dark: High Dynamic Range View Synthesis from Noisy Raw Imagescited by 336
  4. 2023Retinexformer: One-stage Retinex-based Transformer for Low-light Image Enhancementcited by 228
  5. 2021Learning to Enhance Low-Light Image via Zero-Reference Deep Curve Estimationcited by 192
  6. 2021Low-Light Image Enhancement with Normalizing Flowcited by 184
  7. 2022Ultra-High-Definition Low-Light Image Enhancement: A Benchmark and Transformer-Based Methodcited by 174
  8. 2024A Survey on Diffusion Models for Inverse Problemscited by 173
  9. 2022DE-FAKE: Detection and Attribution of Fake Images Generated by Text-to-Image Generation Modelscited by 167
  10. 2023Inversion by Direct Iteration: An Alternative to Denoising Diffusion for Image Restorationcited by 164
  11. 2022Learning Enriched Features for Fast Image Restoration and Enhancementcited by 150
  12. 2021Low-Light Image and Video Enhancement Using Deep Learning: A Surveycited by 148
38 more
  1. 20223D Common Corruptions and Data Augmentationcited by 120
  2. 2024C2P-CLIP: Injecting Category Common Prompt in CLIP to Enhance Generalization in Deepfake Detectioncited by 111
  3. 2021U-shape Transformer for Underwater Image Enhancementcited by 110
  4. 2021R2RNet: Low-light Image Enhancement via Real-low to Real-normal Networkcited by 106
  5. 2024Orthogonal Subspace Decomposition for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 102
  6. 2022LEDNet: Joint Low-light Enhancement and Deblurring in the Darkcited by 95
  7. 2021Invertible Image Signal Processingcited by 94
  8. 2022Fusing Global and Local Features for Generalized AI-Synthesized Image Detectioncited by 88
  9. 2024Leveraging Representations from Intermediate Encoder-blocks for Synthetic Image Detectioncited by 88
  10. 2023Embedding Fourier for Ultra-High-Definition Low-Light Image Enhancementcited by 86
  11. 2022You Only Need 90K Parameters to Adapt Light: A Light Weight Transformer for Image Enhancement and Exposure Correctioncited by 81
  12. 2021DANNet: A One-Stage Domain Adaptation Network for Unsupervised Nighttime Semantic Segmentationcited by 80
  13. 2023Low-Light Image Enhancement via Structure Modeling and Guidancecited by 78
  14. 2024Diffusion Models in Low-Level Vision: A Surveycited by 73
  15. 2022AdaInt: Learning Adaptive Intervals for 3D Lookup Tables on Real-time Image Enhancementcited by 70
  16. 2023Residual Denoising Diffusion Modelscited by 68
  17. 2021Physics-based Noise Modeling for Extreme Low-light Photographycited by 67
  18. 2023Pyramid Diffusion Models For Low-light Image Enhancementcited by 67
  19. 2021Real-time Image Enhancer via Learnable Spatial-aware 3D Lookup Tablescited by 65
  20. 2021Low-light Image Enhancement via Breaking Down the Darknesscited by 65
  21. 2021Burst Image Restoration and Enhancementcited by 64
  22. 2023FourLLIE: Boosting Low-Light Image Enhancement by Fourier Frequency Informationcited by 64
  23. 2021Rethinking Noise Synthesis and Modeling in Raw Denoisingcited by 62
  24. 2025HVI: A New Color Space for Low-light Image Enhancementcited by 62
  25. 2021Semantic-Guided Zero-Shot Learning for Low-Light Image/Video Enhancementcited by 60
  26. 2022Multitask AET with Orthogonal Tangent Regularity for Dark Object Detectioncited by 59
  27. 2024Zero-Reference Low-Light Enhancement via Physical Quadruple Priorscited by 58
  28. 2021Regularizing Nighttime Weirdness: Efficient Self-supervised Monocular Depth Estimation in the Darkcited by 57
  29. 2021Countering Malicious DeepFakes: Survey, Battleground, and Horizoncited by 56
  30. 2021Adaptive Unfolding Total Variation Network for Low-Light Image Enhancementcited by 55
  31. 2022SepLUT: Separable Image-adaptive Lookup Tables for Real-time Image Enhancementcited by 50
  32. 2024Community Forensics: Using Thousands of Generators to Train Fake Image Detectorscited by 50
  33. 2024Real-Time Deepfake Detection in the Real-Worldcited by 49
  34. 2023Generalizable Synthetic Image Detection via Language-guided Contrastive Learningcited by 48
  35. 2024Towards Robust Event-guided Low-Light Image Enhancement: A Large-Scale Real-World Event-Image Dataset and Novel Approachcited by 48
  36. 2024Wave-Mamba: Wavelet State Space Model for Ultra-High-Definition Low-Light Image Enhancementcited by 48
  37. 2022Dancing under the stars: video denoising in starlightcited by 47
  38. 2023Instance Segmentation in the Darkcited by 45

50 most cited of 459 All 459 (JSON)