A Unified Conditional Framework for Diffusion-based Image Restoration
On the map: Diffusion models → Inverse problems and image restoration
Abstract (arXiv)
Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in image generation tasks, which are capable of generating highly realistic images. When adopting DPMs for image restoration tasks, the crucial aspect lies in how to integrate the conditional information to guide the DPMs to generate accurate and natural output, which has been largely overlooked in existing works. In this paper, we present a unified conditional framework based on diffusion models for image restoration. We leverage a lightweight UNet to predict initial guidance and the diffusion model to learn the residual of the guidance. By carefully designing the basic module and integration module for the diffusion model block, we integrate the guidance and other auxiliary conditional information into every block of the diffusion model to achieve spatially-adaptive generation conditioning. To handle high-resolution images, we propose a simple yet effective inter-step patch-splitting strategy to produce arbitrary-resolution images without grid artifacts. We evaluate our conditional framework on three challenging tasks: extreme low-light denoising, deblurring, and JPEG restoration, demonstrating its significant improvements in perceptual quality and the generalization to restoration tasks.
Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Inverse problems and image restoration, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 43 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 May 2023.
Builds on
43 of 57 references.
Closest ancestors · 5
Same direction, newest first
- 2023Unlimited-Size Diffusion Restoration1 Mar
- 2022Zero-Shot Image Restoration Using Denoising Diffusion Null-Space Model1 Dec
- 2022JPEG Artifact Correction using Denoising Diffusion Restoration Models23 Sep
- 2022Denoising Diffusion Restoration Models27 Jan
- 2021Deblurring via Stochastic Refinement5 Dec
Other references · 38
- 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
- 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
- 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
- 2018Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesiscited by 2,609
- 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructionscited by 2,591
- 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,409
- 2017Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalizationcited by 1,998
- 2021SwinIR: Image Restoration Using Swin Transformercited by 1,869
- 2021Restormer: Efficient Transformer for High-Resolution Image Restorationcited by 1,618
- 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
- 2021Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,296
26 more
- 2021Real-ESRGAN: Training Real-World Blind Super-Resolution with Pure Synthetic Datacited by 961
- 2021Uformer: A General U-Shaped Transformer for Image Restorationcited by 864
- 2021Multi-Stage Progressive Image Restorationcited by 813
- 2016Deep Multi-scale Convolutional Neural Network for Dynamic Scene Deblurringcited by 722
- 2022Simple Baselines for Image Restorationcited by 701
- 2021ILVR: Conditioning Method for Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 634
- 2020WaveGrad: Estimating Gradients for Waveform Generationcited by 620
- 2018Learning to See in the Darkcited by 459
- 2019DeblurGAN-v2: Deblurring (Orders-of-Magnitude) Faster and Bettercited by 361
- 2021Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Facial Priorcited by 347
- 2020High-Fidelity Generative Image Compressioncited by 331
- 2021Rethinking Coarse-to-Fine Approach in Single Image Deblurringcited by 324
- 2016Dynamic Filter Networkscited by 318
- 2020Learning Enriched Features for Real Image Restoration and Enhancementcited by 311
- 2021HINet: Half Instance Normalization Network for Image Restorationcited by 236
- 2020Exploiting Deep Generative Prior for Versatile Image Restoration and Manipulationcited by 225
- 2017Burst Denoising with Kernel Prediction Networkscited by 156
- 2020Spatially-Attentive Patch-Hierarchical Network for Adaptive Motion Deblurringcited by 119
- 2021Towards Flexible Blind JPEG Artifacts Removalcited by 76
- 2021Rethinking Noise Synthesis and Modeling in Raw Denoisingcited by 62
- 2020Quantization Guided JPEG Artifact Correctioncited by 57
- 2021NTIRE 2021 Challenge on Image Deblurringcited by 49
- 2019Basis Prediction Networks for Effective Burst Denoising with Large Kernelscited by 46
- 2022Learning Degradation Representations for Image Deblurringcited by 35
- 2023KBNet: Kernel Basis Network for Image Restorationcited by 33
- 2022Efficient Burst Raw Denoising with Variance Stabilization and Multi-frequency Denoising Networkcited by 15
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 15; 2025: 4; 2026: 3.
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- 2024Scaling Up to Excellence: Practicing Model Scaling for Photo-Realistic Image Restoration In the Wildcited by 281
- 2024Motion-I2V: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Generation with Explicit Motion Modelingcited by 209
- 2024Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Restoration by Residual Shiftingcited by 64
- 2024Diff-Plugin: Revitalizing Details for Diffusion-based Low-level Taskscited by 47
- 2025UniRestore: Unified Perceptual and Task-Oriented Image Restoration Model Using Diffusion Priorcited by 39
- 2024Text-DiFuse: An Interactive Multi-Modal Image Fusion Framework based on Text-modulated Diffusion Modelcited by 31
- 2024Image Generation Diversity Issues and How to Tame Themcited by 22
- 2024ReFIR: Grounding Large Restoration Models with Retrieval Augmentationcited by 15
- 2024Genuine Knowledge from Practice: Diffusion Test-Time Adaptation for Video Adverse Weather Removalcited by 12
- 2024Temporal Residual Guided Diffusion Framework for Event-Driven Video Reconstructioncited by 10
- 2024Step-Calibrated Diffusion for Biomedical Optical Image Restorationcited by 5
- 2024Learning Efficient and Effective Trajectories for Differential Equation-based Image Restorationcited by 5
10 more
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- 2024Bayesian Conditioned Diffusion Models for Inverse Problemscited by 2
- 2024Reversing the Damage: A QP-Aware Transformer-Diffusion Approach for 8K Video Restoration under Codec Compressioncited by 2
- 2025Latent Guidance in Diffusion Models for Perceptual Evaluationscited by 2
- 2026Restore, Assess, Repeat: A Unified Framework for Iterative Image Restorationcited by 2
- 2026Energy-oriented Diffusion Bridge for Image Restoration with Foundational Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2024Referring Flexible Image Restorationcited by 0
- 2025QUTCC: Quantile Uncertainty Training and Conformal Calibration for Imaging Inverse Problemscited by 0
- 2025TDiff: Thermal Plug-And-Play Prior with Patch-Based Diffusioncited by 0
- 2026TAFG-MAN: Timestep-Adaptive Frequency-Gated Latent Diffusion for Efficient and High-Quality Low-Dose CT Image Denoisingcited by 0
- 2026Energy-oriented Diffusion Bridge for Image Restoration with Foundational Diffusion Models13 Apr 2026
- 2026Restore, Assess, Repeat: A Unified Framework for Iterative Image Restoration27 Mar 2026
- 2026TAFG-MAN: Timestep-Adaptive Frequency-Gated Latent Diffusion for Efficient and High-Quality Low-Dose CT Image Denoising21 Mar 2026
- 2025TDiff: Thermal Plug-And-Play Prior with Patch-Based Diffusion7 Oct 2025
- 2025QUTCC: Quantile Uncertainty Training and Conformal Calibration for Imaging Inverse Problems19 Jul 2025
- 2025Latent Guidance in Diffusion Models for Perceptual Evaluations31 May 2025
- 2025UniRestore: Unified Perceptual and Task-Oriented Image Restoration Model Using Diffusion Prior22 Jan 2025
- 2024Reversing the Damage: A QP-Aware Transformer-Diffusion Approach for 8K Video Restoration under Codec Compression12 Dec 2024
- 2024Image Generation Diversity Issues and How to Tame Them25 Nov 2024
- 2024Text-DiFuse: An Interactive Multi-Modal Image Fusion Framework based on Text-modulated Diffusion Model31 Oct 2024
- 2024ReFIR: Grounding Large Restoration Models with Retrieval Augmentation8 Oct 2024
- 2024Learning Efficient and Effective Trajectories for Differential Equation-based Image Restoration7 Oct 2024
10 more
- 2024Delving Deep into Engagement Prediction of Short Videos30 Sep 2024
- 2024Temporal Residual Guided Diffusion Framework for Event-Driven Video Reconstruction15 Jul 2024
- 2024Bayesian Conditioned Diffusion Models for Inverse Problems14 Jun 2024
- 2024Referring Flexible Image Restoration16 Apr 2024
- 2024Step-Calibrated Diffusion for Biomedical Optical Image Restoration20 Mar 2024
- 2024Genuine Knowledge from Practice: Diffusion Test-Time Adaptation for Video Adverse Weather Removal12 Mar 2024
- 2024Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Restoration by Residual Shifting12 Mar 2024
- 2024Diff-Plugin: Revitalizing Details for Diffusion-based Low-level Tasks1 Mar 2024
- 2024Motion-I2V: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Generation with Explicit Motion Modeling29 Jan 2024
- 2024Scaling Up to Excellence: Practicing Model Scaling for Photo-Realistic Image Restoration In the Wild24 Jan 2024
- 2024Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Restoration by Residual Shiftingcited by 64
- 2024Diff-Plugin: Revitalizing Details for Diffusion-based Low-level Taskscited by 47
- 2025UniRestore: Unified Perceptual and Task-Oriented Image Restoration Model Using Diffusion Priorcited by 39
- 2024Text-DiFuse: An Interactive Multi-Modal Image Fusion Framework based on Text-modulated Diffusion Modelcited by 31
- 2024Image Generation Diversity Issues and How to Tame Themcited by 22
- 2024Temporal Residual Guided Diffusion Framework for Event-Driven Video Reconstructioncited by 10
- 2024Bayesian Conditioned Diffusion Models for Inverse Problemscited by 2
- 2024Reversing the Damage: A QP-Aware Transformer-Diffusion Approach for 8K Video Restoration under Codec Compressioncited by 2
- 2025Latent Guidance in Diffusion Models for Perceptual Evaluationscited by 2
- 2026Energy-oriented Diffusion Bridge for Image Restoration with Foundational Diffusion Modelscited by 1
- 2026TAFG-MAN: Timestep-Adaptive Frequency-Gated Latent Diffusion for Efficient and High-Quality Low-Dose CT Image Denoisingcited by 0
- 2026Energy-oriented Diffusion Bridge for Image Restoration with Foundational Diffusion Models13 Apr 2026
- 2026TAFG-MAN: Timestep-Adaptive Frequency-Gated Latent Diffusion for Efficient and High-Quality Low-Dose CT Image Denoising21 Mar 2026
- 2025Latent Guidance in Diffusion Models for Perceptual Evaluations31 May 2025
- 2025UniRestore: Unified Perceptual and Task-Oriented Image Restoration Model Using Diffusion Prior22 Jan 2025
- 2024Reversing the Damage: A QP-Aware Transformer-Diffusion Approach for 8K Video Restoration under Codec Compression12 Dec 2024
- 2024Image Generation Diversity Issues and How to Tame Them25 Nov 2024
- 2024Text-DiFuse: An Interactive Multi-Modal Image Fusion Framework based on Text-modulated Diffusion Model31 Oct 2024
- 2024Temporal Residual Guided Diffusion Framework for Event-Driven Video Reconstruction15 Jul 2024
- 2024Bayesian Conditioned Diffusion Models for Inverse Problems14 Jun 2024
- 2024Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Restoration by Residual Shifting12 Mar 2024
- 2024Diff-Plugin: Revitalizing Details for Diffusion-based Low-level Tasks1 Mar 2024
- 2024Scaling Up to Excellence: Practicing Model Scaling for Photo-Realistic Image Restoration In the Wildcited by 281
- 2024Motion-I2V: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Generation with Explicit Motion Modelingcited by 209
- 2024ReFIR: Grounding Large Restoration Models with Retrieval Augmentationcited by 15
- 2024Genuine Knowledge from Practice: Diffusion Test-Time Adaptation for Video Adverse Weather Removalcited by 12
- 2024Step-Calibrated Diffusion for Biomedical Optical Image Restorationcited by 5
- 2024Learning Efficient and Effective Trajectories for Differential Equation-based Image Restorationcited by 5
- 2024Delving Deep into Engagement Prediction of Short Videoscited by 4
- 2026Restore, Assess, Repeat: A Unified Framework for Iterative Image Restorationcited by 2
- 2024Referring Flexible Image Restorationcited by 0
- 2025QUTCC: Quantile Uncertainty Training and Conformal Calibration for Imaging Inverse Problemscited by 0
- 2025TDiff: Thermal Plug-And-Play Prior with Patch-Based Diffusioncited by 0
- 2026Restore, Assess, Repeat: A Unified Framework for Iterative Image Restoration27 Mar 2026
- 2025TDiff: Thermal Plug-And-Play Prior with Patch-Based Diffusion7 Oct 2025
- 2025QUTCC: Quantile Uncertainty Training and Conformal Calibration for Imaging Inverse Problems19 Jul 2025
- 2024ReFIR: Grounding Large Restoration Models with Retrieval Augmentation8 Oct 2024
- 2024Learning Efficient and Effective Trajectories for Differential Equation-based Image Restoration7 Oct 2024
- 2024Delving Deep into Engagement Prediction of Short Videos30 Sep 2024
- 2024Referring Flexible Image Restoration16 Apr 2024
- 2024Step-Calibrated Diffusion for Biomedical Optical Image Restoration20 Mar 2024
- 2024Genuine Knowledge from Practice: Diffusion Test-Time Adaptation for Video Adverse Weather Removal12 Mar 2024
- 2024Motion-I2V: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Generation with Explicit Motion Modeling29 Jan 2024
- 2024Scaling Up to Excellence: Practicing Model Scaling for Photo-Realistic Image Restoration In the Wild24 Jan 2024
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