mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

A Unified Conditional Framework for Diffusion-based Image Restoration

arXiv 2305.20049 ↗First posted 31 May 2023cs.CVcited by 22

On the map: Diffusion models → Inverse problems and image restoration

Abstract (arXiv)

Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DPMs) have recently shown remarkable performance in image generation tasks, which are capable of generating highly realistic images. When adopting DPMs for image restoration tasks, the crucial aspect lies in how to integrate the conditional information to guide the DPMs to generate accurate and natural output, which has been largely overlooked in existing works. In this paper, we present a unified conditional framework based on diffusion models for image restoration. We leverage a lightweight UNet to predict initial guidance and the diffusion model to learn the residual of the guidance. By carefully designing the basic module and integration module for the diffusion model block, we integrate the guidance and other auxiliary conditional information into every block of the diffusion model to achieve spatially-adaptive generation conditioning. To handle high-resolution images, we propose a simple yet effective inter-step patch-splitting strategy to produce arbitrary-resolution images without grid artifacts. We evaluate our conditional framework on three challenging tasks: extreme low-light denoising, deblurring, and JPEG restoration, demonstrating its significant improvements in perceptual quality and the generalization to restoration tasks.

Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Inverse problems and image restoration, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 43 of its 57 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 31 May 2023.

Builds on

43 of 57 references.

Closest ancestors · 5

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Unlimited-Size Diffusion Restoration1 Mar
  2. 2022Zero-Shot Image Restoration Using Denoising Diffusion Null-Space Model1 Dec
  3. 2022JPEG Artifact Correction using Denoising Diffusion Restoration Models23 Sep
  4. 2022Denoising Diffusion Restoration Models27 Jan
  5. 2021Deblurring via Stochastic Refinement5 Dec

Other references · 38

  1. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
  2. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  3. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  4. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
  5. 2018Large Scale GAN Training for High Fidelity Natural Image Synthesiscited by 2,609
  6. 2022InstructPix2Pix: Learning to Follow Image Editing Instructionscited by 2,591
  7. 2022Prompt-to-Prompt Image Editing with Cross Attention Controlcited by 2,409
  8. 2017Arbitrary Style Transfer in Real-time with Adaptive Instance Normalizationcited by 1,998
  9. 2021SwinIR: Image Restoration Using Swin Transformercited by 1,869
  10. 2021Restormer: Efficient Transformer for High-Resolution Image Restorationcited by 1,618
  11. 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
  12. 2021Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,296
26 more
  1. 2021Real-ESRGAN: Training Real-World Blind Super-Resolution with Pure Synthetic Datacited by 961
  2. 2021Uformer: A General U-Shaped Transformer for Image Restorationcited by 864
  3. 2021Multi-Stage Progressive Image Restorationcited by 813
  4. 2016Deep Multi-scale Convolutional Neural Network for Dynamic Scene Deblurringcited by 722
  5. 2022Simple Baselines for Image Restorationcited by 701
  6. 2021ILVR: Conditioning Method for Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 634
  7. 2020WaveGrad: Estimating Gradients for Waveform Generationcited by 620
  8. 2018Learning to See in the Darkcited by 459
  9. 2019DeblurGAN-v2: Deblurring (Orders-of-Magnitude) Faster and Bettercited by 361
  10. 2021Towards Real-World Blind Face Restoration with Generative Facial Priorcited by 347
  11. 2020High-Fidelity Generative Image Compressioncited by 331
  12. 2021Rethinking Coarse-to-Fine Approach in Single Image Deblurringcited by 324
  13. 2016Dynamic Filter Networkscited by 318
  14. 2020Learning Enriched Features for Real Image Restoration and Enhancementcited by 311
  15. 2021HINet: Half Instance Normalization Network for Image Restorationcited by 236
  16. 2020Exploiting Deep Generative Prior for Versatile Image Restoration and Manipulationcited by 225
  17. 2017Burst Denoising with Kernel Prediction Networkscited by 156
  18. 2020Spatially-Attentive Patch-Hierarchical Network for Adaptive Motion Deblurringcited by 119
  19. 2021Towards Flexible Blind JPEG Artifacts Removalcited by 76
  20. 2021Rethinking Noise Synthesis and Modeling in Raw Denoisingcited by 62
  21. 2020Quantization Guided JPEG Artifact Correctioncited by 57
  22. 2021NTIRE 2021 Challenge on Image Deblurringcited by 49
  23. 2019Basis Prediction Networks for Effective Burst Denoising with Large Kernelscited by 46
  24. 2022Learning Degradation Representations for Image Deblurringcited by 35
  25. 2023KBNet: Kernel Basis Network for Image Restorationcited by 33
  26. 2022Efficient Burst Raw Denoising with Variance Stabilization and Multi-frequency Denoising Networkcited by 15

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 15; 2025: 4; 2026: 3.

22 papers.

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  1. 2024Scaling Up to Excellence: Practicing Model Scaling for Photo-Realistic Image Restoration In the Wildcited by 281
  2. 2024Motion-I2V: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Generation with Explicit Motion Modelingcited by 209
  3. 2024Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Restoration by Residual Shiftingcited by 64
  4. 2024Diff-Plugin: Revitalizing Details for Diffusion-based Low-level Taskscited by 47
  5. 2025UniRestore: Unified Perceptual and Task-Oriented Image Restoration Model Using Diffusion Priorcited by 39
  6. 2024Text-DiFuse: An Interactive Multi-Modal Image Fusion Framework based on Text-modulated Diffusion Modelcited by 31
  7. 2024Image Generation Diversity Issues and How to Tame Themcited by 22
  8. 2024ReFIR: Grounding Large Restoration Models with Retrieval Augmentationcited by 15
  9. 2024Genuine Knowledge from Practice: Diffusion Test-Time Adaptation for Video Adverse Weather Removalcited by 12
  10. 2024Temporal Residual Guided Diffusion Framework for Event-Driven Video Reconstructioncited by 10
  11. 2024Step-Calibrated Diffusion for Biomedical Optical Image Restorationcited by 5
  12. 2024Learning Efficient and Effective Trajectories for Differential Equation-based Image Restorationcited by 5
10 more
  1. 2024Delving Deep into Engagement Prediction of Short Videoscited by 4
  2. 2024Bayesian Conditioned Diffusion Models for Inverse Problemscited by 2
  3. 2024Reversing the Damage: A QP-Aware Transformer-Diffusion Approach for 8K Video Restoration under Codec Compressioncited by 2
  4. 2025Latent Guidance in Diffusion Models for Perceptual Evaluationscited by 2
  5. 2026Restore, Assess, Repeat: A Unified Framework for Iterative Image Restorationcited by 2
  6. 2026Energy-oriented Diffusion Bridge for Image Restoration with Foundational Diffusion Modelscited by 1
  7. 2024Referring Flexible Image Restorationcited by 0
  8. 2025QUTCC: Quantile Uncertainty Training and Conformal Calibration for Imaging Inverse Problemscited by 0
  9. 2025TDiff: Thermal Plug-And-Play Prior with Patch-Based Diffusioncited by 0
  10. 2026TAFG-MAN: Timestep-Adaptive Frequency-Gated Latent Diffusion for Efficient and High-Quality Low-Dose CT Image Denoisingcited by 0

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2024A Modular Conditional Diffusion Framework for Image Reconstruction
  2. 2023Generative Diffusion Prior for Unified Image Restoration and Enhancement
  3. 2022Bi-Noising Diffusion: Towards Conditional Diffusion Models with Generative Restoration Priors
  4. 2024Diffusion Posterior Proximal Sampling for Image Restoration
  5. 2024Taming Diffusion Models for Image Restoration: A Review
  6. 2023Low-Light Image Enhancement with Wavelet-based Diffusion Models
  7. 2023Residual Denoising Diffusion Models
  8. 2024Conditional Image Synthesis with Diffusion Models: A Survey