mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Generalizable Synthetic Image Detection via Language-guided Contrastive Learning

arXiv 2305.13800 ↗First posted 23 May 2023cs.CVcited by 48

On the map: Diffusion models → Image generation, text-to-image and editing

Abstract (arXiv)

The heightened realism of AI-generated images can be attributed to the rapid development of synthetic models, including generative adversarial networks (GANs) and diffusion models (DMs). The malevolent use of synthetic images, such as the dissemination of fake news or the creation of fake profiles, however, raises significant concerns regarding the authenticity of images. Though many forensic algorithms have been developed for detecting synthetic images, their performance, especially the generalization capability, is still far from being adequate to cope with the increasing number of synthetic models. In this work, we propose a simple yet very effective synthetic image detection method via a language-guided contrastive learning. Specifically, we augment the training images with carefully-designed textual labels, enabling us to use a joint visual-language contrastive supervision for learning a forensic feature space with better generalization. It is shown that our proposed LanguAge-guided SynThEsis Detection (LASTED) model achieves much improved generalizability to unseen image generation models and delivers promising performance that far exceeds state-of-the-art competitors over four datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/HighwayWu/LASTED.

Key facts. Cited by 48 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Image generation, text-to-image and editing, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 67 of its 101 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 23 May 2023.

Builds on

67 of 101 references.

Closest ancestors · 9

Same direction, newest first

  1. 2023Intriguing properties of synthetic images: from generative adversarial networks to diffusion models13 Apr
  2. 2023Parents and Children: Distinguishing Multimodal DeepFakes from Natural Images2 Apr
  3. 2023DIRE for Diffusion-Generated Image Detection16 Mar
  4. 2023Level Up the Deepfake Detection: a Method to Effectively Discriminate Images Generated by GAN Architectures and Diffusion Models1 Mar
  5. 2022GLFF: Global and Local Feature Fusion for AI-synthesized Image Detection16 Nov
  6. 2022On the detection of synthetic images generated by diffusion models1 Nov
  7. 2022Towards the Detection of Diffusion Model Deepfakes26 Oct
  8. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latents13 Apr
  9. 2021GLIDE: Towards Photorealistic Image Generation and Editing with Text-Guided Diffusion Models20 Dec

Other references · 58

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
  2. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
  3. 2021Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervisioncited by 33,456
  4. 2020An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scalecited by 29,915
  5. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  6. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  7. 2019Momentum Contrast for Unsupervised Visual Representation Learningcited by 7,482
  8. 2021Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learnerscited by 7,339
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38 more
  1. 2020Taming Transformers for High-Resolution Image Synthesiscited by 3,229
  2. 2016Towards Evaluating the Robustness of Neural Networkscited by 2,976
  3. 2017Progressive Growing of GANs for Improved Quality, Stability, and Variationcited by 2,967
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  5. 2019ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of Language Representationscited by 2,772
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  17. 2021ClipCap: CLIP Prefix for Image Captioningcited by 557
  18. 2020Leveraging Frequency Analysis for Deep Fake Image Recognitioncited by 501
  19. 2023Towards Universal Fake Image Detectors that Generalize Across Generative Modelscited by 483
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  32. 2022Fusing Global and Local Features for Generalized AI-Synthesized Image Detectioncited by 88
  33. 2023CIFAKE: Image Classification and Explainable Identification of AI-Generated Synthetic Imagescited by 84
  34. 2021Towards Discovery and Attribution of Open-world GAN Generated Imagescited by 66
  35. 2018Diverse Image Synthesis from Semantic Layouts via Conditional IMLEcited by 60
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  38. 2021Fighting deepfakes by detecting GAN DCT anomaliescited by 39

50 most cited of 58 All 58 (JSON)

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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 1; 2024: 18; 2025: 15; 2026: 14.

48 papers.

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  1. 2024C2P-CLIP: Injecting Category Common Prompt in CLIP to Enhance Generalization in Deepfake Detectioncited by 111
  2. 2024Orthogonal Subspace Decomposition for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 102
  3. 2024DeMamba: AI-Generated Video Detection on Million-Scale GenVideo Benchmarkcited by 85
  4. 2024Detecting Multimedia Generated by Large AI Models: A Surveycited by 73
  5. 2024LaRE2: Latent Reconstruction Error Based Method for Diffusion-Generated Image Detectioncited by 47
  6. 2023Detecting Images Generated by Deep Diffusion Models using their Local Intrinsic Dimensionalitycited by 44
  7. 2025AIGI-Holmes: Towards Explainable and Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detection via Multimodal Large Language Modelscited by 33
  8. 2024WildFake: A Large-scale Challenging Dataset for AI-Generated Images Detectioncited by 31
  9. 2025Bridging the Gap Between Ideal and Real-world Evaluation: Benchmarking AI-Generated Image Detection in Challenging Scenarioscited by 24
  10. 2024Bi-LORA: A Vision-Language Approach for Synthetic Image Detectioncited by 20
  11. 2024Language-guided Hierarchical Fine-grained Image Forgery Detection and Localizationcited by 16
  12. 2025Learning Human-Perceived Fakeness in AI-Generated Videos via Multimodal LLMscited by 16
36 more
  1. 2025Methods and Trends in Detecting AI-Generated Images: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 12
  2. 2025Dual Frequency Branch Framework with Reconstructed Sliding Windows Attention for AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 10
  3. 2025RAIDX: A Retrieval-Augmented Generation and GRPO Reinforcement Learning Framework for Explainable Deepfake Detectioncited by 8
  4. 2024Detecting Origin Attribution for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 7
  5. 2024Premonition: Using Generative Models to Preempt Future Data Changes in Continual Learningcited by 5
  6. 2024Artifact Feature Purification for Cross-domain Detection of AI-generated Imagescited by 5
  7. 2025Multimodal Conditional Information Bottleneck for Generalizable AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 5
  8. 2024DA-HFNet: Progressive Fine-Grained Forgery Image Detection and Localization Based on Dual Attentioncited by 4
  9. 2024Semantics-Oriented Multitask Learning for DeepFake Detection: A Joint Embedding Approachcited by 4
  10. 2024Unveiling the Truth: Exploring Human Gaze Patterns in Fake Imagescited by 3
  11. 2024Present and Future Generalization of Synthetic Image Detectorscited by 3
  12. 2025FontGuard: A Robust Font Watermarking Approach Leveraging Deep Font Knowledgecited by 3
  13. 2024FIDAVL: Fake Image Detection and Attribution using Vision-Language Modelcited by 2
  14. 2024Time Step Generating: A Universal Synthesized Deepfake Image Detectorcited by 2
  15. 2025Semantic-Aware Reconstruction Error for Detecting AI-Generated Imagescited by 2
  16. 2025"Humor, Art, or Misinformation?": A Multimodal Dataset for Intent-Aware Synthetic Image Detectioncited by 2
  17. 2025Generalized Design Choices for Deepfake Detectorscited by 2
  18. 2026FIND: A Simple yet Effective Baseline for Diffusion-Generated Image Detectioncited by 2
  19. 2024The Visual Counter Turing Test (VCT2): A Benchmark for Evaluating AI-Generated Image Detection and the Visual AI Index (VAI)cited by 1
  20. 2025CorrDetail: Visual Detail Enhanced Self-Correction for Face Forgery Detectioncited by 1
  21. 2025Unraveling Hidden Representations: A Multi-Modal Layer Analysis for Better Synthetic Content Forensicscited by 1
  22. 2026Synthetic Image Detection with CLIP: Understanding and Assessing Predictive Cuescited by 1
  23. 2026RA-Det: Towards Universal Detection of AI-Generated Images via Robustness Asymmetrycited by 1
  24. 2026GlobalForge: Towards Robust AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 1
  25. 2025Robustness in AI-Generated Detection: Enhancing Resistance to Adversarial Attackscited by 0
  26. 2025Redefining Generalization in Visual Domains: A Two-Axis Framework for Fake Image Detection with FusionDetectcited by 0
  27. 2026FeatDistill: A Feature Distillation Enhanced Multi-Expert Ensemble Framework for Robust AI-generated Image Detectioncited by 0
  28. 2026Deepfake Detection Generalization with Diffusion Noisecited by 0
  29. 2026Detecting Deepfakes via Hamiltonian Dynamicscited by 0
  30. 2026Findings of the Counter Turing Test: AI-Generated Image Detectioncited by 0
  31. 2026FiSeR: Fine-Grained Source Representations for Cross-Domain AI Image Detectioncited by 0
  32. 2026Face-Trace: Open-Set Attribution and Progressive Discovery of Synthetic Face Generatorscited by 0
  33. 2026Position: AI/ML Deepfake Research is Misaligned with AI-Generated Non-Consensual Intimate Imagery (AIG-NCII)cited by 0
  34. 2026UC-VLM: Consistency-Driven Learning for AI-Generated Image Detection with Vision-Language Large Modelscited by 0
  35. 2026Prior-Conditioned Gaussian Discriminants for Generalizable AI-generated Image Detectioncited by 0
  36. 2026REALIS: A Curated Dataset for Studying the Challenges of AI Image Detectioncited by 0

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  3. 2025Toward Generalized Detection of Synthetic Media: Limitations, Challenges, and the Path to Multimodal Solutions
  4. 2024Harnessing the Power of Large Vision Language Models for Synthetic Image Detection
  5. 2026GRRE: Leveraging G-Channel Removed Reconstruction Error for Robust Detection of AI-Generated Images
  6. 2024A Bias-Free Training Paradigm for More General AI-generated Image Detection
  7. 2026A Benchmark Dataset for MLLM-Generated Image Detection: GPT Image2 & Nano Banana2
  8. 2024Transfer Learning of Real Image Features with Soft Contrastive Loss for Fake Image Detection