VLNVerse: A Benchmark for Vision-Language Navigation with Versatile, Embodied, Realistic Simulation and Evaluation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Despite remarkable progress in Vision-Language Navigation (VLN), existing benchmarks remain confined to fixed, small-scale datasets with naive physical simulation. These shortcomings limit the insight that the benchmarks provide into sim-to-real generalization, and create a significant research gap. Furthermore, task fragmentation prevents unified/shared progress in the area, while limited data scales fail to meet the demands of modern LLM-based pretraining. To overcome these limitations, we introduce VLNVerse: a new large-scale, extensible benchmark designed for Versatile, Embodied, Realistic Simulation, and Evaluation. VLNVerse redefines VLN as a scalable, full-stack embodied AI problem. Its Versatile nature unifies previously fragmented tasks into a single framework and provides an extensible toolkit for researchers. Its Embodied design moves beyond intangible and teleporting "ghost" agents that support full-kinematics in a Realistic Simulation powered by a robust physics engine. We leverage the scale and diversity of VLNVerse to conduct a comprehensive Evaluation of existing methods, from classic models to MLLM-based agents. We also propose a novel unified multi-task model capable of addressing all tasks within the benchmark. VLNVerse aims to narrow the gap between simulated navigation and real-world generalization, providing the community with a vital tool to boost research towards scalable, general-purpose embodied locomotion agents.
Key facts. Cited by 17 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 78 of its 85 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 22 Dec 2025.
Builds on
78 of 85 references.
References · 78
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38 more
- 2019Habitat: A Platform for Embodied AI Researchcited by 1,163
- 2022Planning-oriented Autonomous Drivingcited by 1,068
- 2017Vision-and-Language Navigation: Interpreting visually-grounded navigation instructions in real environmentscited by 1,013
- 2017AI2-THOR: An Interactive 3D Environment for Visual AIcited by 850
- 2015Scheduled Sampling for Sequence Prediction with Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 779
- 2019ALFRED: A Benchmark for Interpreting Grounded Instructions for Everyday Taskscited by 773
- 2023LLaMA-VID: An Image is Worth 2 Tokens in Large Language Modelscited by 539
- 2021Habitat 2.0: Training Home Assistants to Rearrange their Habitatcited by 501
- 2020Beyond the Nav-Graph: Vision-and-Language Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 429
- 2020Room-Across-Room: Multilingual Vision-and-Language Navigation with Dense Spatiotemporal Groundingcited by 401
- 2019DD-PPO: Learning Near-Perfect PointGoal Navigators from 2.5 Billion Framescited by 352
- 2016Target-driven Visual Navigation in Indoor Scenes using Deep Reinforcement Learningcited by 351
- 2019REVERIE: Remote Embodied Visual Referring Expression in Real Indoor Environmentscited by 330
- 2018Reinforced Cross-Modal Matching and Self-Supervised Imitation Learning for Vision-Language Navigationcited by 304
- 2020A Recurrent Vision-and-Language BERT for Navigationcited by 300
- 2024Long-CLIP: Unlocking the Long-Text Capability of CLIPcited by 298
- 2023NavGPT: Explicit Reasoning in Vision-and-Language Navigation with Large Language Modelscited by 274
- 2021History Aware Multimodal Transformer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 268
- 2024Navigation World Modelscited by 262
- 2021A Survey of Embodied AI: From Simulators to Research Taskscited by 256
- 2019Vision-and-Dialog Navigationcited by 246
- 2018Touchdown: Natural Language Navigation and Spatial Reasoning in Visual Street Environmentscited by 238
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- 2020Towards Learning a Generic Agent for Vision-and-Language Navigation via Pre-trainingcited by 228
- 2023Habitat 3.0: A Co-Habitat for Humans, Avatars and Robotscited by 220
- 2021TEACh: Task-driven Embodied Agents that Chatcited by 194
- 2022Think Global, Act Local: Dual-scale Graph Transformer for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 187
- 2023ETPNav: Evolving Topological Planning for Vision-Language Navigation in Continuous Environmentscited by 165
- 2024Uni-NaVid: A Video-based Vision-Language-Action Model for Unifying Embodied Navigation Taskscited by 146
- 2024BEHAVIOR-1K: A Human-Centered, Embodied AI Benchmark with 1,000 Everyday Activities and Realistic Simulationcited by 140
- 2019Stay on the Path: Instruction Fidelity in Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 129
- 2022Bridging the Gap Between Learning in Discrete and Continuous Environments for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 127
- 2021SOON: Scenario Oriented Object Navigation with Graph-based Explorationcited by 118
- 2023GridMM: Grid Memory Map for Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 117
- 2023AerialVLN: Vision-and-Language Navigation for UAVscited by 117
- 2023Scaling Data Generation in Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 115
- 2023Discuss Before Moving: Visual Language Navigation via Multi-expert Discussionscited by 108
- 2019General Evaluation for Instruction Conditioned Navigation using Dynamic Time Warpingcited by 102
50 most cited of 78 All 78 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 17.
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- 2026Qwen-RobotWorld Technical Report: Unifying Embodied World Modeling through Language-Conditioned Video Generationcited by 12
- 2026Qwen-RobotNav Technical Report: A Scalable Navigation Model Designed for an Agentic Navigation Systemcited by 10
- 2026From Instruction to Event: Sound-Triggered Mobile Manipulationcited by 2
- 2026POINav: Benchmarking and Enhancing Final-Meters Arrival in Real-World Vision-Language Navigationcited by 2
- 2026Ask When It Pays: Cost-Aware Open-Ended Interaction for Instance Goal Navigationcited by 2
- 2026GroundControl: Anticipating Navigation Failures in Vision-Language Agents via Trajectory-Consistent Uncertainty Estimatescited by 2
- 2026IntentionNav: A Benchmark for Intent-Driven Object Navigation from Implicit Human Instructioncited by 1
- 2026Image2Sim: Scaling Embodied Navigation via Generative Neural Simulatorcited by 1
- 2026A Comprehensive Survey and Systematic Real-World Evaluation of Embodied Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 1
- 2026VoLN: Vision-Only Long-Horizon Navigation---Paradigm, Benchmark, and Methodcited by 1
- 2026UrbanGround: From Local Perception to Spatial Agency in a Real-Scale Citycited by 1
- 2026LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigationcited by 1
5 more
- 2026If, Then, Otherwise: Diagnosing Conditional Branching in Vision-Language Navigationcited by 0
- 2026TANGO: Humanoid Navigation in Cluttered Environments with a Whole-Body Vision-Language-Action Modelcited by 0
- 2026Systematic Multi-Agent Vision-and-Language Navigation: Formulation, Benchmark, and Methodcited by 0
- 2026Speaking the Navigator's Language: Trajectory-Grounded Instruction Translation for Frozen Aerial VLN Agentscited by 0
- 2026NavGPT-3: Harnessing Context in a Hierarchical Navigation Runtimecited by 0
- 2026NavGPT-3: Harnessing Context in a Hierarchical Navigation Runtime7 Oct 2026
- 2026Speaking the Navigator's Language: Trajectory-Grounded Instruction Translation for Frozen Aerial VLN Agents7 Oct 2026
- 2026Systematic Multi-Agent Vision-and-Language Navigation: Formulation, Benchmark, and Method28 Sep 2026
- 2026TANGO: Humanoid Navigation in Cluttered Environments with a Whole-Body Vision-Language-Action Model8 Sep 2026
- 2026LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigation31 Aug 2026
- 2026UrbanGround: From Local Perception to Spatial Agency in a Real-Scale City27 Aug 2026
- 2026If, Then, Otherwise: Diagnosing Conditional Branching in Vision-Language Navigation18 Aug 2026
- 2026VoLN: Vision-Only Long-Horizon Navigation---Paradigm, Benchmark, and Method23 Jul 2026
- 2026A Comprehensive Survey and Systematic Real-World Evaluation of Embodied Vision-and-Language Navigation9 Jul 2026
- 2026Image2Sim: Scaling Embodied Navigation via Generative Neural Simulator7 Jul 2026
- 2026GroundControl: Anticipating Navigation Failures in Vision-Language Agents via Trajectory-Consistent Uncertainty Estimates18 Jun 2026
- 2026Qwen-RobotNav Technical Report: A Scalable Navigation Model Designed for an Agentic Navigation System16 Jun 2026
5 more
- 2026Qwen-RobotWorld Technical Report: Unifying Embodied World Modeling through Language-Conditioned Video Generation15 Jun 2026
- 2026Ask When It Pays: Cost-Aware Open-Ended Interaction for Instance Goal Navigation2 Jun 2026
- 2026POINav: Benchmarking and Enhancing Final-Meters Arrival in Real-World Vision-Language Navigation27 May 2026
- 2026IntentionNav: A Benchmark for Intent-Driven Object Navigation from Implicit Human Instruction22 May 2026
- 2026From Instruction to Event: Sound-Triggered Mobile Manipulation29 Jan 2026
- 2026Qwen-RobotNav Technical Report: A Scalable Navigation Model Designed for an Agentic Navigation Systemcited by 10
- 2026GroundControl: Anticipating Navigation Failures in Vision-Language Agents via Trajectory-Consistent Uncertainty Estimatescited by 2
- 2026Systematic Multi-Agent Vision-and-Language Navigation: Formulation, Benchmark, and Methodcited by 0
- 2026Speaking the Navigator's Language: Trajectory-Grounded Instruction Translation for Frozen Aerial VLN Agentscited by 0
- 2026NavGPT-3: Harnessing Context in a Hierarchical Navigation Runtimecited by 0
- 2026NavGPT-3: Harnessing Context in a Hierarchical Navigation Runtime7 Oct 2026
- 2026Speaking the Navigator's Language: Trajectory-Grounded Instruction Translation for Frozen Aerial VLN Agents7 Oct 2026
- 2026Systematic Multi-Agent Vision-and-Language Navigation: Formulation, Benchmark, and Method28 Sep 2026
- 2026GroundControl: Anticipating Navigation Failures in Vision-Language Agents via Trajectory-Consistent Uncertainty Estimates18 Jun 2026
- 2026Qwen-RobotNav Technical Report: A Scalable Navigation Model Designed for an Agentic Navigation System16 Jun 2026
- 2026From Instruction to Event: Sound-Triggered Mobile Manipulationcited by 2
- 2026POINav: Benchmarking and Enhancing Final-Meters Arrival in Real-World Vision-Language Navigationcited by 2
- 2026Ask When It Pays: Cost-Aware Open-Ended Interaction for Instance Goal Navigationcited by 2
- 2026IntentionNav: A Benchmark for Intent-Driven Object Navigation from Implicit Human Instructioncited by 1
- 2026Image2Sim: Scaling Embodied Navigation via Generative Neural Simulatorcited by 1
- 2026A Comprehensive Survey and Systematic Real-World Evaluation of Embodied Vision-and-Language Navigationcited by 1
- 2026VoLN: Vision-Only Long-Horizon Navigation---Paradigm, Benchmark, and Methodcited by 1
- 2026LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigationcited by 1
- 2026If, Then, Otherwise: Diagnosing Conditional Branching in Vision-Language Navigationcited by 0
- 2026TANGO: Humanoid Navigation in Cluttered Environments with a Whole-Body Vision-Language-Action Modelcited by 0
- 2026TANGO: Humanoid Navigation in Cluttered Environments with a Whole-Body Vision-Language-Action Model8 Sep 2026
- 2026LightNav-0: Eliciting VLM Spatial Intelligence for Generalist Embodied Navigation31 Aug 2026
- 2026If, Then, Otherwise: Diagnosing Conditional Branching in Vision-Language Navigation18 Aug 2026
- 2026VoLN: Vision-Only Long-Horizon Navigation---Paradigm, Benchmark, and Method23 Jul 2026
- 2026A Comprehensive Survey and Systematic Real-World Evaluation of Embodied Vision-and-Language Navigation9 Jul 2026
- 2026Image2Sim: Scaling Embodied Navigation via Generative Neural Simulator7 Jul 2026
- 2026Ask When It Pays: Cost-Aware Open-Ended Interaction for Instance Goal Navigation2 Jun 2026
- 2026POINav: Benchmarking and Enhancing Final-Meters Arrival in Real-World Vision-Language Navigation27 May 2026
- 2026IntentionNav: A Benchmark for Intent-Driven Object Navigation from Implicit Human Instruction22 May 2026
- 2026From Instruction to Event: Sound-Triggered Mobile Manipulation29 Jan 2026
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