OpenTrack3D: Towards Accurate and Generalizable Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation
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Abstract (arXiv)
Generalizing open-vocabulary 3D instance segmentation (OV-3DIS) to diverse, unstructured, and mesh-free environments is crucial for robotics and AR/VR, yet remains a significant challenge. We attribute this to two key limitations of existing methods: (1) proposal generation relies on dataset-specific proposal networks or mesh-based superpoints, rendering them inapplicable in mesh-free scenarios and limiting generalization to novel scenes; and (2) the weak textual reasoning of CLIP-based classifiers, which struggle to recognize compositional and functional user queries. To address these issues, we introduce OpenTrack3D, a generalizable and accurate framework. Unlike methods that rely on pre-generated proposals, OpenTrack3D employs a novel visual-spatial tracker to construct cross-view consistent object proposals online. Given an RGB-D stream, our pipeline first leverages a 2D open-vocabulary segmenter to generate masks, which are lifted to 3D point clouds using depth. Mask-guided instance features are then extracted using DINO feature maps, and our tracker fuses visual and spatial cues to maintain instance consistency. The core pipeline is entirely mesh-free, yet we also provide an optional superpoints refinement module to further enhance performance when scene mesh is available. Finally, we replace CLIP with a multi-modal large language model (MLLM), significantly enhancing compositional reasoning for complex user queries. Extensive experiments on diverse benchmarks, including ScanNet200, Replica, ScanNet++, and SceneFun3D, demonstrate state-of-the-art performance and strong generalization capabilities.
Key facts. Cited by 3 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 37 of its 43 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Dec 2025.
Builds on
37 of 43 references.
References · 37
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25 more
- 2023OpenMask3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentationcited by 288
- 2022Language-Grounded Indoor 3D Semantic Segmentation in the Wildcited by 243
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- 2023CLIP2Scene: Towards Label-efficient 3D Scene Understanding by CLIPcited by 178
- 2022PLA: Language-Driven Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understandingcited by 176
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- 2024MaskClustering: View Consensus based Mask Graph Clustering for Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentationcited by 56
- 2023ISBNet: a 3D Point Cloud Instance Segmentation Network with Instance-aware Sampling and Box-aware Dynamic Convolutioncited by 52
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Citing papers per year: 2026: 3.
3 papers.
Similar, not cited
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- 2024OE3DIS: Open-Ended 3D Point Cloud Instance Segmentation
- 2026T-FunS3D: Task-Driven Hierarchical Open-Vocabulary 3D Functionality Segmentation
- 2025OpenSplat3D: Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation using Gaussian Splatting
- 2024Open-Vocabulary SAM3D: Towards Training-free Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding
- 2025OpenGS-Fusion: Open-Vocabulary Dense Mapping with Hybrid 3D Gaussian Splatting for Refined Object-Level Understanding
- 2026SenseFuse: Label-Free Fusion of Image and Shape Encoders for Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation
- 2025Mosaic3D: Foundation Dataset and Model for Open-Vocabulary 3D Segmentation
- 2025ASSIST-3D: Adapted Scene Synthesis for Class-Agnostic 3D Instance Segmentation