Mosaic3D: Foundation Dataset and Model for Open-Vocabulary 3D Segmentation
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Abstract (arXiv)
We tackle open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding by introducing a novel data generation pipeline and training framework. Our method addresses three critical requirements for effective training: precise 3D region segmentation, comprehensive textual descriptions, and sufficient dataset scale. By leveraging state-of-the-art open-vocabulary image segmentation models and region-aware Vision-Language Models, we develop an automatic pipeline that generates high-quality 3D mask-text pairs. Applying this pipeline to multiple 3D scene datasets, we create Mosaic3D-5.6M, a dataset of over 30K annotated scenes with 5.6M mask-text pairs, significantly larger than existing datasets. Building upon this data, we propose Mosaic3D, a foundation model combining a 3D encoder trained with contrastive learning and a lightweight mask decoder for open-vocabulary 3D semantic and instance segmentation. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art results on open-vocabulary 3D semantic and instance segmentation tasks including ScanNet200, Matterport3D, and ScanNet++, with ablation studies validating the effectiveness of our large-scale training data.
Key facts. Cited by 20 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 97 of its 115 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 4 Feb 2025.
Builds on
97 of 115 references.
References · 97
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50 most cited of 97 All 97 (JSON)
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 7; 2026: 13.
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- 2025SceneSplat: Gaussian Splatting-based Scene Understanding with Vision-Language Pretrainingcited by 51
- 2025SceneSplat++: A Large Dataset and Comprehensive Benchmark for Language Gaussian Splattingcited by 14
- 2026Multiplayer Interactive World Models with Representation Autoencoderscited by 14
- 2025Chorus: Multi-Teacher Pretraining for Holistic 3D Gaussian Scene Encodingcited by 8
- 2025Affogato: Open-Vocabulary Affordance Grounding with Automated Data Generation at Scalecited by 6
- 2026OpenVoxel: Training-Free Grouping and Captioning Voxels for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understandingcited by 5
- 2026GeoNVS: Geometry Grounded Video Diffusion for Novel View Synthesiscited by 3
- 2026The Semantic Lifecycle in Embodied AI: Acquisition, Representation and Storage via Foundation Modelscited by 2
- 2026SpaCeFormer: Fast Proposal-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentationcited by 2
- 2025OpenLex3D: A Tiered Evaluation Benchmark for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Representationscited by 1
- 2025Parameter-Efficient CLIP Adaptation for 3D Understanding via Unified Tokenizationcited by 1
- 2026GeoGuide: Hierarchical Geometric Guidance for Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentationcited by 1
8 more
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- 2026Training-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Point-Cloud Segmentation on the Generalized Few-Shot Benchmarkcited by 0
- 2026Beyond Similarity Matching: Structured Reasoning for Open-Vocabulary Referring Segmentation in 3DGScited by 0
- 2026GoDeep: Annotation-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding via Language-Space Liftingcited by 0
- 2026From Alignment to Fusion in 3D Vision-Languagecited by 0
- 2026GraphWrit3R: End-to-End 3D Scene Graph Writingcited by 0
- 2026GraphWrit3R: End-to-End 3D Scene Graph Writing25 Sep 2026
- 2026From Alignment to Fusion in 3D Vision-Language23 Sep 2026
- 2026GoDeep: Annotation-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding via Language-Space Lifting8 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond Similarity Matching: Structured Reasoning for Open-Vocabulary Referring Segmentation in 3DGS17 Aug 2026
- 2026Training-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Point-Cloud Segmentation on the Generalized Few-Shot Benchmark16 Jul 2026
- 2026Multiplayer Interactive World Models with Representation Autoencoders6 Jul 2026
- 2026Depth-Only Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation For Privacy-Preserving Robotic Applications1 Jul 2026
- 2026FoundObj: Self-supervised Foundation Models as Rewards for Label-free 3D Object Segmentation26 May 2026
- 2026SpaCeFormer: Fast Proposal-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation22 Apr 2026
- 2026GeoGuide: Hierarchical Geometric Guidance for Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation27 Mar 2026
- 2026GeoNVS: Geometry Grounded Video Diffusion for Novel View Synthesis16 Mar 2026
- 2026OpenVoxel: Training-Free Grouping and Captioning Voxels for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding14 Jan 2026
8 more
- 2026The Semantic Lifecycle in Embodied AI: Acquisition, Representation and Storage via Foundation Models12 Jan 2026
- 2025Quantile Rendering: Efficiently Embedding High-dimensional Feature on 3D Gaussian Splatting24 Dec 2025
- 2025Chorus: Multi-Teacher Pretraining for Holistic 3D Gaussian Scene Encoding19 Dec 2025
- 2025Affogato: Open-Vocabulary Affordance Grounding with Automated Data Generation at Scale13 Jun 2025
- 2025SceneSplat++: A Large Dataset and Comprehensive Benchmark for Language Gaussian Splatting10 Jun 2025
- 2025Parameter-Efficient CLIP Adaptation for 3D Understanding via Unified Tokenization24 May 2025
- 2025OpenLex3D: A Tiered Evaluation Benchmark for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Representations25 Mar 2025
- 2025SceneSplat: Gaussian Splatting-based Scene Understanding with Vision-Language Pretraining23 Mar 2025
- 2025SceneSplat: Gaussian Splatting-based Scene Understanding with Vision-Language Pretrainingcited by 51
- 2026OpenVoxel: Training-Free Grouping and Captioning Voxels for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understandingcited by 5
- 2025Parameter-Efficient CLIP Adaptation for 3D Understanding via Unified Tokenizationcited by 1
- 2026OpenVoxel: Training-Free Grouping and Captioning Voxels for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding14 Jan 2026
- 2025Parameter-Efficient CLIP Adaptation for 3D Understanding via Unified Tokenization24 May 2025
- 2025SceneSplat: Gaussian Splatting-based Scene Understanding with Vision-Language Pretraining23 Mar 2025
- 2025SceneSplat++: A Large Dataset and Comprehensive Benchmark for Language Gaussian Splattingcited by 14
- 2025Chorus: Multi-Teacher Pretraining for Holistic 3D Gaussian Scene Encodingcited by 8
- 2025Affogato: Open-Vocabulary Affordance Grounding with Automated Data Generation at Scalecited by 6
- 2026The Semantic Lifecycle in Embodied AI: Acquisition, Representation and Storage via Foundation Modelscited by 2
- 2026SpaCeFormer: Fast Proposal-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentationcited by 2
- 2025OpenLex3D: A Tiered Evaluation Benchmark for Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Representationscited by 1
- 2026GeoGuide: Hierarchical Geometric Guidance for Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentationcited by 1
- 2026Depth-Only Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation For Privacy-Preserving Robotic Applicationscited by 1
- 2025Quantile Rendering: Efficiently Embedding High-dimensional Feature on 3D Gaussian Splattingcited by 0
- 2026FoundObj: Self-supervised Foundation Models as Rewards for Label-free 3D Object Segmentationcited by 0
- 2026Training-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Point-Cloud Segmentation on the Generalized Few-Shot Benchmarkcited by 0
- 2026Beyond Similarity Matching: Structured Reasoning for Open-Vocabulary Referring Segmentation in 3DGScited by 0
12 most cited of 15 All 15 (JSON)
- 2026GraphWrit3R: End-to-End 3D Scene Graph Writing25 Sep 2026
- 2026From Alignment to Fusion in 3D Vision-Language23 Sep 2026
- 2026GoDeep: Annotation-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Scene Understanding via Language-Space Lifting8 Sep 2026
- 2026Beyond Similarity Matching: Structured Reasoning for Open-Vocabulary Referring Segmentation in 3DGS17 Aug 2026
- 2026Training-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Point-Cloud Segmentation on the Generalized Few-Shot Benchmark16 Jul 2026
- 2026Depth-Only Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation For Privacy-Preserving Robotic Applications1 Jul 2026
- 2026FoundObj: Self-supervised Foundation Models as Rewards for Label-free 3D Object Segmentation26 May 2026
- 2026SpaCeFormer: Fast Proposal-Free Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation22 Apr 2026
- 2026GeoGuide: Hierarchical Geometric Guidance for Open-Vocabulary 3D Semantic Segmentation27 Mar 2026
- 2026The Semantic Lifecycle in Embodied AI: Acquisition, Representation and Storage via Foundation Models12 Jan 2026
- 2025Quantile Rendering: Efficiently Embedding High-dimensional Feature on 3D Gaussian Splatting24 Dec 2025
- 2025Chorus: Multi-Teacher Pretraining for Holistic 3D Gaussian Scene Encoding19 Dec 2025
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