AniDoc: Animation Creation Made Easier
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Abstract (arXiv)
The production of 2D animation follows an industry-standard workflow, encompassing four essential stages: character design, keyframe animation, in-betweening, and coloring. Our research focuses on reducing the labor costs in the above process by harnessing the potential of increasingly powerful generative AI. Using video diffusion models as the foundation, AniDoc emerges as a video line art colorization tool, which automatically converts sketch sequences into colored animations following the reference character specification. Our model exploits correspondence matching as an explicit guidance, yielding strong robustness to the variations (e.g., posture) between the reference character and each line art frame. In addition, our model could even automate the in-betweening process, such that users can easily create a temporally consistent animation by simply providing a character image as well as the start and end sketches. Our code is available at: https://yihao-meng.github.io/AniDoc_demo.
Key facts. Cited by 22 papers in the map (data through 14 Oct 2026). Builds on 38 of its 65 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 18 Dec 2024.
Builds on
38 of 65 references.
References · 38
- 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,863
- 2023Adding Conditional Control to Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 5,503
- 2023Stable Video Diffusion: Scaling Latent Video Diffusion Models to Large Datasetscited by 2,581
- 2023IP-Adapter: Text Compatible Image Prompt Adapter for Text-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,464
- 2018Towards Accurate Generative Models of Video: A New Metric & Challengescited by 1,234
- 2015Holistically-Nested Edge Detectioncited by 592
- 2023LightGlue: Local Feature Matching at Light Speedcited by 590
- 2023CoTracker: It is Better to Track Togethercited by 522
- 2023DynamiCrafter: Animating Open-domain Images with Video Diffusion Priorscited by 471
- 2023Emergent Correspondence from Image Diffusioncited by 446
- 2020U2-Net: Going Deeper with Nested U-Structure for Salient Object Detectioncited by 412
- 2017Super SloMo: High Quality Estimation of Multiple Intermediate Frames for Video Interpolationcited by 326
26 more
- 2023SEINE: Short-to-Long Video Diffusion Model for Generative Transition and Predictioncited by 233
- 2023SparseCtrl: Adding Sparse Controls to Text-to-Video Diffusion Modelscited by 175
- 2024Follow-Your-Emoji: Fine-Controllable and Expressive Freestyle Portrait Animationcited by 174
- 2021Pixel Difference Networks for Efficient Edge Detectioncited by 168
- 2024DragAnything: Motion Control for Anything using Entity Representationcited by 159
- 2024ID-Animator: Zero-Shot Identity-Preserving Human Video Generationcited by 124
- 2023LDMVFI: Video Frame Interpolation with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 89
- 2022Learning to generate line drawings that convey geometry and semanticscited by 83
- 2016Scribbler: Controlling Deep Image Synthesis with Sketch and Colorcited by 78
- 2024Video Interpolation with Diffusion Modelscited by 68
- 2024ToonCrafter: Generative Cartoon Interpolationcited by 68
- 2021Deep Animation Video Interpolation in the Wildcited by 65
- 2019Tag2Pix: Line Art Colorization Using Text Tag With SECat and Changing Losscited by 35
- 2018User-Guided Deep Anime Line Art Colorization with Conditional Adversarial Networkscited by 32
- 2024LVCD: Reference-based Lineart Video Colorization with Diffusion Modelscited by 27
- 2022Eliminating Gradient Conflict in Reference-based Line-Art Colorizationcited by 25
- 2023X-Pose: Detecting Any Keypointscited by 21
- 2021Improving the Perceptual Quality of 2D Animation Interpolationcited by 20
- 2017Comicolorization: Semi-Automatic Manga Colorizationcited by 19
- 2024Sakuga-42M Dataset: Scaling Up Cartoon Researchcited by 17
- 2019Automatic Temporally Coherent Video Colorizationcited by 14
- 2024ColorizeDiffusion: Adjustable Sketch Colorization with Reference Image and Textcited by 8
- 2022Attention-Aware Anime Line Drawing Colorizationcited by 5
- 2020Deep Line Art Video Colorization with a Few Referencescited by 4
- 2022H-VFI: Hierarchical Frame Interpolation for Videos with Large Motionscited by 4
- 2024Thin-Plate Spline-based Interpolation for Animation Line Inbetweeningcited by 4
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Citing papers per year: 2025: 13; 2026: 9.
22 papers.
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- 2025Follow-Your-Creation: Empowering 4D Creation through Video Inpaintingcited by 62
- 2025EEdit: Rethinking the Spatial and Temporal Redundancy for Efficient Image Editingcited by 45
- 2025Generative AI for Cel-Animation: A Surveycited by 17
- 2025MangaNinja: Line Art Colorization with Precise Reference Followingcited by 17
- 2025LayerAnimate: Layer-level Control for Animationcited by 12
- 2025Follow-Your-Color: Multi-Instance Sketch Colorizationcited by 10
- 2025AceVFI: A Comprehensive Survey of Advances in Video Frame Interpolationcited by 9
- 2025ToonComposer: Streamlining Cartoon Production with Generative Post-Keyframingcited by 8
- 2025LongAnimation: Long Animation Generation with Dynamic Global-Local Memorycited by 6
- 2025DACoN: DINO for Anime Paint Bucket Colorization with Any Number of Reference Imagescited by 2
- 2026SignSparK: Efficient Multilingual Sign Language Production via Sparse Keyframe Learningcited by 2
- 2025SketchColour: Channel Concat Guided DiT-based Sketch-to-Colour Pipeline for 2D Animationcited by 1
10 more
- 2026TimeColor: Flexible Reference Colorization via Temporal Concatenationcited by 1
- 2026Workflow-Aware Structured Layer Decomposition for Illustration Productioncited by 1
- 2026InstanceAnimator: Multi-Instance Sketch Video Colorizationcited by 1
- 2026OmniColor: A Unified Framework for Multi-modal Lineart Colorizationcited by 1
- 2025MagicAnime: A Hierarchically Annotated, Multimodal and Multitasking Dataset with Benchmarks for Cartoon Animation Generationcited by 0
- 2025Region-Wise Correspondence Prediction between Manga Line Art Imagescited by 0
- 2026Uni-Animator: Towards Unified Visual Colorizationcited by 0
- 2026Towards High-resolution and Disentangled Reference-based Sketch Colorizationcited by 0
- 2026SketchKeyAnime: Reference-anchored Sparse Key-Sketch Animation Synthesiscited by 0
- 2026PeCA: Palette Context Assisted Inference for Test-Time Paint-Bucket Colourisation on Animation Videoscited by 0
- 2026PeCA: Palette Context Assisted Inference for Test-Time Paint-Bucket Colourisation on Animation Videos2 Aug 2026
- 2026SketchKeyAnime: Reference-anchored Sparse Key-Sketch Animation Synthesis18 Jun 2026
- 2026OmniColor: A Unified Framework for Multi-modal Lineart Colorization29 Mar 2026
- 2026InstanceAnimator: Multi-Instance Sketch Video Colorization26 Mar 2026
- 2026Workflow-Aware Structured Layer Decomposition for Illustration Production16 Mar 2026
- 2026SignSparK: Efficient Multilingual Sign Language Production via Sparse Keyframe Learning11 Mar 2026
- 2026Towards High-resolution and Disentangled Reference-based Sketch Colorization6 Mar 2026
- 2026Uni-Animator: Towards Unified Visual Colorization26 Feb 2026
- 2026TimeColor: Flexible Reference Colorization via Temporal Concatenation1 Jan 2026
- 2025DACoN: DINO for Anime Paint Bucket Colorization with Any Number of Reference Images18 Sep 2025
- 2025Region-Wise Correspondence Prediction between Manga Line Art Images11 Sep 2025
- 2025ToonComposer: Streamlining Cartoon Production with Generative Post-Keyframing14 Aug 2025
10 more
- 2025MagicAnime: A Hierarchically Annotated, Multimodal and Multitasking Dataset with Benchmarks for Cartoon Animation Generation27 Jul 2025
- 2025LongAnimation: Long Animation Generation with Dynamic Global-Local Memory2 Jul 2025
- 2025SketchColour: Channel Concat Guided DiT-based Sketch-to-Colour Pipeline for 2D Animation2 Jul 2025
- 2025Follow-Your-Creation: Empowering 4D Creation through Video Inpainting5 Jun 2025
- 2025AceVFI: A Comprehensive Survey of Advances in Video Frame Interpolation1 Jun 2025
- 2025Follow-Your-Color: Multi-Instance Sketch Colorization21 Mar 2025
- 2025EEdit: Rethinking the Spatial and Temporal Redundancy for Efficient Image Editing13 Mar 2025
- 2025MangaNinja: Line Art Colorization with Precise Reference Following14 Jan 2025
- 2025LayerAnimate: Layer-level Control for Animation14 Jan 2025
- 2025Generative AI for Cel-Animation: A Survey8 Jan 2025
- 2026InstanceAnimator: Multi-Instance Sketch Video Colorization26 Mar 2026
- 2026Uni-Animator: Towards Unified Visual Colorization26 Feb 2026
- 2025MangaNinja: Line Art Colorization with Precise Reference Following14 Jan 2025
- 2025Follow-Your-Creation: Empowering 4D Creation through Video Inpaintingcited by 62
- 2025EEdit: Rethinking the Spatial and Temporal Redundancy for Efficient Image Editingcited by 45
- 2025Generative AI for Cel-Animation: A Surveycited by 17
- 2025LayerAnimate: Layer-level Control for Animationcited by 12
- 2025Follow-Your-Color: Multi-Instance Sketch Colorizationcited by 10
- 2025AceVFI: A Comprehensive Survey of Advances in Video Frame Interpolationcited by 9
- 2025ToonComposer: Streamlining Cartoon Production with Generative Post-Keyframingcited by 8
- 2025LongAnimation: Long Animation Generation with Dynamic Global-Local Memorycited by 6
- 2025DACoN: DINO for Anime Paint Bucket Colorization with Any Number of Reference Imagescited by 2
- 2026SignSparK: Efficient Multilingual Sign Language Production via Sparse Keyframe Learningcited by 2
- 2025SketchColour: Channel Concat Guided DiT-based Sketch-to-Colour Pipeline for 2D Animationcited by 1
- 2026TimeColor: Flexible Reference Colorization via Temporal Concatenationcited by 1
12 most cited of 19 All 19 (JSON)
- 2026PeCA: Palette Context Assisted Inference for Test-Time Paint-Bucket Colourisation on Animation Videos2 Aug 2026
- 2026SketchKeyAnime: Reference-anchored Sparse Key-Sketch Animation Synthesis18 Jun 2026
- 2026OmniColor: A Unified Framework for Multi-modal Lineart Colorization29 Mar 2026
- 2026Workflow-Aware Structured Layer Decomposition for Illustration Production16 Mar 2026
- 2026SignSparK: Efficient Multilingual Sign Language Production via Sparse Keyframe Learning11 Mar 2026
- 2026Towards High-resolution and Disentangled Reference-based Sketch Colorization6 Mar 2026
- 2026TimeColor: Flexible Reference Colorization via Temporal Concatenation1 Jan 2026
- 2025DACoN: DINO for Anime Paint Bucket Colorization with Any Number of Reference Images18 Sep 2025
- 2025Region-Wise Correspondence Prediction between Manga Line Art Images11 Sep 2025
- 2025ToonComposer: Streamlining Cartoon Production with Generative Post-Keyframing14 Aug 2025
- 2025MagicAnime: A Hierarchically Annotated, Multimodal and Multitasking Dataset with Benchmarks for Cartoon Animation Generation27 Jul 2025
- 2025LongAnimation: Long Animation Generation with Dynamic Global-Local Memory2 Jul 2025
12 newest of 19 All 19 (JSON)
Similar, not cited
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- 2025AnimeColor: Reference-based Animation Colorization with Diffusion Transformers
- 2025SketchAnimator: Animate Sketch via Motion Customization of Text-to-Video Diffusion Models
- 2025AniCrafter: Customizing Realistic Human-Centric Animation via Avatar-Background Conditioning in Video Diffusion Models
- 2023Animate Anyone: Consistent and Controllable Image-to-Video Synthesis for Character Animation
- 2023AnimeDiffusion: Anime Face Line Drawing Colorization via Diffusion Models
- 2025Image Referenced Sketch Colorization Based on Animation Creation Workflow
- 2025AnimaMimic: Imitating 3D Animation from Video Priors
- 2025Generative AI for Character Animation: A Comprehensive Survey of Techniques, Applications, and Future Directions