mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

MindfulDiary: Harnessing Large Language Model to Support Psychiatric Patients' Journaling

arXiv 2310.05231 ↗First posted 8 Oct 2023cs.HC cs.AI cs.CLcited by 50

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Abstract (arXiv)

In the mental health domain, Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising new opportunities, though their inherent complexity and low controllability have raised questions about their suitability in clinical settings. We present MindfulDiary, a mobile journaling app incorporating an LLM to help psychiatric patients document daily experiences through conversation. Designed in collaboration with mental health professionals (MHPs), MindfulDiary takes a state-based approach to safely comply with the experts' guidelines while carrying on free-form conversations. Through a four-week field study involving 28 patients with major depressive disorder and five psychiatrists, we found that MindfulDiary supported patients in consistently enriching their daily records and helped psychiatrists better empathize with their patients through an understanding of their thoughts and daily contexts. Drawing on these findings, we discuss the implications of leveraging LLMs in the mental health domain, bridging the technical feasibility and their integration into clinical settings.

Key facts. Cited by 50 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 18 of its 116 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 8 Oct 2023.

Builds on

18 of 116 references.

References · 18

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6 more
  1. 2022Human-AI Collaboration Enables More Empathic Conversations in Text-based Peer-to-Peer Mental Health Supportcited by 68
  2. 2023Leveraging Large Language Models to Power Chatbots for Collecting User Self-Reported Datacited by 48
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Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2024: 12; 2025: 25; 2026: 13.

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  1. 2024Large Language Models in Mental Health Care: a Scoping Reviewcited by 34
  2. 2024MindScape Study: Integrating LLM and Behavioral Sensing for Personalized AI-Driven Journaling Experiencescited by 24
  3. 2025Understanding the LLM-ification of CHI: Unpacking the Impact of LLMs at CHI through a Systematic Literature Reviewcited by 16
  4. 2025Classroom Simulacra: Building Contextual Student Generative Agents in Online Education for Learning Behavioral Simulationcited by 15
  5. 2024Contextual AI Journaling: Integrating LLM and Time Series Behavioral Sensing Technology to Promote Self-Reflection and Well-being using the MindScape Appcited by 14
  6. 2025AI Chatbots for Mental Health: Values and Harms from Lived Experiences of Depressioncited by 13
  7. 2025Mapping Caregiver Needs to AI Chatbot Design: Strengths and Gaps in Mental Health Support for Alzheimer's and Dementia Caregiverscited by 13
  8. 2025A Survey of Large Language Models in Psychotherapy: Current Landscape and Future Directionscited by 12
  9. 2025Exploring User Security and Privacy Attitudes and Concerns Toward the Use of General-Purpose LLM Chatbots for Mental Healthcited by 12
  10. 2025Understanding Teen Overreliance on AI Companion Chatbots Through Self-Reported Reddit Narrativescited by 12
  11. 2025Meaning Is Not A Metric: Using LLMs to make cultural context legible at scalecited by 10
  12. 2024CataractBot: An LLM-Powered Expert-in-the-Loop Chatbot for Cataract Patientscited by 9
38 more
  1. 2024Private Yet Social: How LLM Chatbots Support and Challenge Eating Disorder Recoverycited by 8
  2. 2024AACessTalk: Fostering Communication between Minimally Verbal Autistic Children and Parents with Contextual Guidance and Card Recommendationcited by 7
  3. 2024Applying and Evaluating Large Language Models in Mental Health Care: A Scoping Review of Human-Assessed Generative Taskscited by 6
  4. 2024Understanding Communication Preferences of Information Workers in Engagement with Text-Based Conversational Agentscited by 6
  5. 2024ExploreSelf: Fostering User-driven Exploration and Reflection on Personal Challenges with Adaptive Guidance by Large Language Modelscited by 5
  6. 2025AI-induced sexual harassment: Investigating Contextual Characteristics and User Reactions of Sexual Harassment by a Companion Chatbotcited by 5
  7. 2025AI-Enabled Conversational Journaling for Advancing Parkinson's Disease Symptom Trackingcited by 4
  8. 2025StorySage: Conversational Autobiography Writing Powered by a Multi-Agent Frameworkcited by 4
  9. 2024Large Language Model Agents for Improving Engagement with Behavior Change Interventions: Application to Digital Mindfulnesscited by 3
  10. 2024The Interaction Layer: An Exploration for Co-Designing User-LLM Interactions in Parental Wellbeing Support Systemscited by 3
  11. 2025Position: Beyond Assistance -- Reimagining LLMs as Ethical and Adaptive Co-Creators in Mental Health Carecited by 3
  12. 2025RedditESS: A Mental Health Social Support Interaction Dataset -- Understanding Effective Social Support to Refine AI-Driven Support Toolscited by 3
  13. 2025Reimagining Personal Data: Unlocking the Potential of AI-Generated Images in Personal Data Meaning-Makingcited by 2
  14. 2025State Your Intention to Steer Your Attention: An AI Assistant for Intentional Digital Livingcited by 2
  15. 2026Vidmento: Creating Video Stories Through Context-Aware Expansion With Generative Videocited by 2
  16. 2025Resonance: Drawing from Memories to Imagine Positive Futures through AI-Augmented Journalingcited by 1
  17. 2026A Checklist for Trustworthy, Safe, and User-Friendly Mental Health Chatbotscited by 1
  18. 2026Chaplains' Reflections on the Design and Usage of AI for Conversational Carecited by 1
  19. 2026Generative Experiences for Digital Mental Health Interventions: Evidence from a Randomized Studycited by 1
  20. 2024Therapy as an NLP Task: Comparing LLMs and Human Peers Behaviors in CBT Sessionscited by 0
  21. 2025CALLM: Understanding Cancer Survivors' Emotions and Intervention Opportunities via Mobile Diaries and Context-Aware Language Modelscited by 0
  22. 2025Socially Constructed Treatment Plans: Analyzing Online Peer Interactions to Understand How Patients Navigate Complex Medical Conditionscited by 0
  23. 2025"Is This Really a Human Peer Supporter?": Misalignments Between Peer Supporters and Experts in LLM-Supported Interactionscited by 0
  24. 2025"I Said Things I Needed to Hear Myself": Peer Support as an Emotional, Organisational, and Sociotechnical Practice in Singaporecited by 0
  25. 2025"I made this (sort of)": Negotiating authorship, confronting fraudulence, and exploring new musical spaces with prompt-based AI music generationcited by 0
  26. 2025AnnoSense: A Framework for Physiological Emotion Data Collection in Everyday Settings for AIcited by 0
  27. 2025Autiverse: Eliciting Autistic Adolescents' Daily Narratives through AI-guided Multimodal Journalingcited by 0
  28. 2025Lived Experience in Dialogue: Co-designing Personalization in Large Language Models to Support Youth Mental Well-beingcited by 0
  29. 2025Words to Describe What I'm Feeling: Exploring the Potential of AI Agents for High Subjectivity Decisions in Advance Care Planningcited by 0
  30. 2026Exploring AI-Augmented Sensemaking of Patient-Generated Health Data: A Mixed-Method Study with Healthcare Professionals in Cardiac Risk Reductioncited by 0
  31. 2026Structure Matters: Evaluating Multi-Agents Orchestration in Generative Therapeutic Chatbotscited by 0
  32. 2026InnerPond: Fostering Inter-Self Dialogue with a Multi-Agent Approach for Introspectioncited by 0
  33. 2026Moving Beyond Review: Applying Language Models to Planning and Translation in Reflectioncited by 0
  34. 2026CounselReflect: Opportunities and Challenges for Designing Tools to Support Self-Reflection on Mental Health and Well-Being Conversations with AIcited by 0
  35. 2026Not All Nudges Land: Behavioral Controllability and Elaboration Quality in AI-Supported Journalingcited by 0
  36. 2026From Momentary Emotion Inference to Sustained Emotion Support: Evaluating a Companion Agent in a Longitudinal Studycited by 0
  37. 2026Faithful Where It Can Be Checked: Auditing a Reflection Agent Against Its System Prompt in a Randomized Trialcited by 0
  38. 2026From Pattern Recognizers to Personalized Companions: A Survey of Large Language Models in Mental Healthcited by 0