mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

DiffuRec: A Diffusion Model for Sequential Recommendation

arXiv 2304.00686 ↗First posted 3 Apr 2023cs.IRcited by 91

On the map: Diffusion models → Diffusion recommenders

Abstract (arXiv)

Mainstream solutions to Sequential Recommendation (SR) represent items with fixed vectors. These vectors have limited capability in capturing items' latent aspects and users' diverse preferences. As a new generative paradigm, Diffusion models have achieved excellent performance in areas like computer vision and natural language processing. To our understanding, its unique merit in representation generation well fits the problem setting of sequential recommendation. In this paper, we make the very first attempt to adapt Diffusion model to SR and propose DiffuRec, for item representation construction and uncertainty injection. Rather than modeling item representations as fixed vectors, we represent them as distributions in DiffuRec, which reflect user's multiple interests and item's various aspects adaptively. In diffusion phase, DiffuRec corrupts the target item embedding into a Gaussian distribution via noise adding, which is further applied for sequential item distribution representation generation and uncertainty injection. Afterward, the item representation is fed into an Approximator for target item representation reconstruction. In reverse phase, based on user's historical interaction behaviors, we reverse a Gaussian noise into the target item representation, then apply a rounding operation for target item prediction. Experiments over four datasets show that DiffuRec outperforms strong baselines by a large margin.

Key facts. Cited by 91 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Placed in Diffusion recommenders, one of 14 directions in Diffusion models. Builds on 47 of its 66 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 3 Apr 2023.

Builds on

47 of 66 references.

References · 47

  1. 2017Attention Is All You Needcited by 59,932
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 20,851
  3. 2015U-Net: Convolutional Networks for Biomedical Image Segmentationcited by 19,604
  4. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  5. 2014Explaining and Harnessing Adversarial Examplescited by 7,287
  6. 2015Deep Unsupervised Learning using Nonequilibrium Thermodynamicscited by 7,005
  7. 2022Hierarchical Text-Conditional Image Generation with CLIP Latentscited by 6,539
  8. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,736
  9. 2022Video Diffusion Modelscited by 2,280
  10. 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
  11. 2018Self-Attentive Sequential Recommendationcited by 1,169
  12. 2021Cascaded Diffusion Models for High Fidelity Image Generationcited by 1,155
35 more
  1. 2022Diffusion Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Methods and Applicationscited by 1,107
  2. 2022Diffusion-LM Improves Controllable Text Generationcited by 1,006
  3. 2019BERT4Rec: Sequential Recommendation with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformercited by 952
  4. 2021Blended Diffusion for Text-driven Editing of Natural Imagescited by 924
  5. 2015Session-based Recommendations with Recurrent Neural Networkscited by 685
  6. 2020WaveGrad: Estimating Gradients for Waveform Generationcited by 620
  7. 2017Deep Interest Network for Click-Through Rate Predictioncited by 541
  8. 2018Personalized Top-N Sequential Recommendation via Convolutional Sequence Embeddingcited by 473
  9. 2022DiffuSeq: Sequence to Sequence Text Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 439
  10. 2018Session-based Recommendation with Graph Neural Networkscited by 312
  11. 2018Variational Autoencoders for Collaborative Filteringcited by 308
  12. 2020Learning Gradient Fields for Shape Generationcited by 245
  13. 2022DiffusionBERT: Improving Generative Masked Language Models with Diffusion Modelscited by 214
  14. 2022Continuous diffusion for categorical datacited by 202
  15. 2022SSD-LM: Semi-autoregressive Simplex-based Diffusion Language Model for Text Generation and Modular Controlcited by 191
  16. 2017Recurrent Neural Networks with Top-k Gains for Session-based Recommendationscited by 165
  17. 2022Self-conditioned Embedding Diffusion for Text Generationcited by 114
  18. 2019Multi-Interest Network with Dynamic Routing for Recommendation at Tmallcited by 113
  19. 2022Filter-enhanced MLP is All You Need for Sequential Recommendationcited by 96
  20. 2020Controllable Multi-Interest Framework for Recommendationcited by 92
  21. 2021Continuous-Time Sequential Recommendation with Temporal Graph Collaborative Transformercited by 69
  22. 2018Adversarial Personalized Ranking for Recommendationcited by 48
  23. 2020A Model of Two Tales: Dual Transfer Learning Framework for Improved Long-tail Item Recommendationcited by 38
  24. 2022Sequential Recommendation via Stochastic Self-Attentioncited by 37
  25. 2021DA-GCN: A Domain-aware Attentive Graph Convolution Network for Shared-account Cross-domain Sequential Recommendationcited by 34
  26. 2018Sequential Variational Autoencoders for Collaborative Filteringcited by 31
  27. 2021Adversarial and Contrastive Variational Autoencoder for Sequential Recommendationcited by 28
  28. 2021Modeling Sequences as Distributions with Uncertainty for Sequential Recommendationcited by 22
  29. 2013Using Temporal Data for Making Recommendationscited by 20
  30. 2022Re4: Learning to Re-contrast, Re-attend, Re-construct for Multi-interest Recommendationcited by 19
  31. 2019Future Data Helps Training: Modeling Future Contexts for Session-based Recommendationcited by 16
  32. 2021Dynamic Memory based Attention Network for Sequential Recommendationcited by 16
  33. 2022When Multi-Level Meets Multi-Interest: A Multi-Grained Neural Model for Sequential Recommendationcited by 11
  34. 2021Leveraging Two Types of Global Graph for Sequential Fashion Recommendationcited by 6
  35. 2022Sequential Recommendation with User Evolving Preference Decompositioncited by 2

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2023: 10; 2024: 22; 2025: 37; 2026: 22.

91 papers.

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By area:

  1. 2023Generate What You Prefer: Reshaping Sequential Recommendation via Guided Diffusioncited by 72
  2. 2024A Survey on Diffusion Models for Time Series and Spatio-Temporal Datacited by 66
  3. 2023Diffusion Augmentation for Sequential Recommendationcited by 37
  4. 2024Plug-in Diffusion Model for Sequential Recommendationcited by 37
  5. 2024Denoising Diffusion Recommender Modelcited by 28
  6. 2023Graph Signal Diffusion Model for Collaborative Filteringcited by 25
  7. 2024DimeRec: A Unified Framework for Enhanced Sequential Recommendation via Generative Diffusion Modelscited by 22
  8. 2024A Survey on Diffusion Models for Recommender Systemscited by 20
  9. 2023Discrete Conditional Diffusion for Reranking in Recommendationcited by 19
  10. 2023Embedding in Recommender Systems: A Surveycited by 19
  11. 2024Collaborative Filtering Based on Diffusion Models: Unveiling the Potential of High-Order Connectivitycited by 18
  12. 2025A Survey of Foundation Model-Powered Recommender Systems: From Feature-Based, Generative to Agentic Paradigmscited by 17
38 more
  1. 2025Distinguished Quantized Guidance for Diffusion-based Sequence Recommendationcited by 13
  2. 2024Graph Representation Learning via Causal Diffusion for Out-of-Distribution Recommendationcited by 11
  3. 2024Breaking Determinism: Fuzzy Modeling of Sequential Recommendation Using Discrete State Space Diffusion Modelcited by 11
  4. 2024A Directional Diffusion Graph Transformer for Recommendationcited by 9
  5. 2024Diffusion-based Contrastive Learning for Sequential Recommendationcited by 9
  6. 2025Hyperbolic Diffusion Recommender Modelcited by 9
  7. 2025LLaDA-Rec: Discrete Diffusion for Parallel Semantic ID Generation in Generative Recommendationcited by 9
  8. 2023LightLM: A Lightweight Deep and Narrow Language Model for Generative Recommendationcited by 8
  9. 2024Preference Diffusion for Recommendationcited by 8
  10. 2024Dual Conditional Diffusion Models for Sequential Recommendationcited by 8
  11. 2025CoMaPOI: A Collaborative Multi-Agent Framework for Next POI Prediction Bridging the Gap Between Trajectory and Languagecited by 8
  12. 2023A Comprehensive Survey on Generative Diffusion Models for Structured Datacited by 7
  13. 2025Flow Matching for Collaborative Filteringcited by 7
  14. 2023RecFusion: A Binomial Diffusion Process for 1D Data for Recommendationcited by 6
  15. 2024Generate and Instantiate What You Prefer: Text-Guided Diffusion for Sequential Recommendationcited by 6
  16. 2023Adversarial Item Promotion on Visually-Aware Recommender Systems by Guided Diffusioncited by 5
  17. 2024How Fair is Your Diffusion Recommender Model?cited by 5
  18. 2024Bridging User Dynamics: Transforming Sequential Recommendations with Schr"odinger Bridge and Diffusion Modelscited by 5
  19. 2025Masked Diffusion for Generative Recommendationcited by 5
  20. 2023Multi-Resolution Diffusion for Privacy-Sensitive Recommender Systemscited by 4
  21. 2024ToDA: Target-oriented Diffusion Attacker against Recommendation Systemcited by 4
  22. 2025Addressing Missing Data Issue for Diffusion-based Recommendationcited by 4
  23. 2025FlowRec: Prior-Informed Flow Matching for Efficient Sequential Recommendation Generationcited by 4
  24. 2025Diffusion-based Multi-modal Synergy Interest Network for Click-through Rate Predictioncited by 4
  25. 2025PANTHER: Generative Pretraining Beyond Language for Sequential User Behavior Modelingcited by 4
  26. 2025Diffusion Models in Recommendation Systems: A Surveycited by 3
  27. 2025Unleashing the Potential of Two-Tower Models: Diffusion-Based Cross-Interaction for Large-Scale Matchingcited by 3
  28. 2025Unlocking the Power of Diffusion Models in Sequential Recommendation: A Simple and Effective Approachcited by 3
  29. 2025Fading to Grow: Growing Preference Ratios via Preference Fading Discrete Diffusion for Recommendationcited by 3
  30. 2024Measuring Recency Bias In Sequential Recommendation Systemscited by 2
  31. 2024DifFaiRec: Generative Fair Recommender with Conditional Diffusion Modelcited by 2
  32. 2024Meta-DiffuB: A Contextualized Sequence-to-Sequence Text Diffusion Model with Meta-Explorationcited by 2
  33. 2024Generative Diffusion Models for Sequential Recommendationscited by 2
  34. 2025Flow Matching based Sequential Recommender Modelcited by 2
  35. 2025Listwise Preference Alignment Optimization for Tail Item Recommendationcited by 2
  36. 2025Expert-Guided Diffusion Planner for Auto-Biddingcited by 2
  37. 2025Generative Models for Synthetic Data: Transforming Data Mining in the GenAI Eracited by 2
  38. 2025On Efficiency-Effectiveness Trade-off of Diffusion-based Recommenderscited by 2

50 most cited of 91 All 91 (JSON)

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  1. 2023Sequential Recommendation with Diffusion Models
  2. 2023A novel diffusion recommendation algorithm based on multi-scale cnn and residual lstm ↗
  3. 2025Asymmetric Diffusion Recommendation Model
  4. 2023Diffusion Recommender Model
  5. 2025Continuous-time Discrete-space Diffusion Model for Recommendation
  6. 2025DiffGRM: Diffusion-based Generative Recommendation Model
  7. 2026Enhancing guidance for missing data in diffusion-based sequential recommendation
  8. 2026DiffuReason: Bridging Latent Reasoning and Generative Refinement for Sequential Recommendation