mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

WaveGrad: Estimating Gradients for Waveform Generation

arXiv 2009.00713 ↗First posted 2 Sep 2020eess.AS cs.LG cs.SDcited by 620

Not on the map. Why?

Cited by 458 in Diffusion models, but placed by its own abstract, which didn’t fit.

Abstract (arXiv)

This paper introduces WaveGrad, a conditional model for waveform generation which estimates gradients of the data density. The model is built on prior work on score matching and diffusion probabilistic models. It starts from a Gaussian white noise signal and iteratively refines the signal via a gradient-based sampler conditioned on the mel-spectrogram. WaveGrad offers a natural way to trade inference speed for sample quality by adjusting the number of refinement steps, and bridges the gap between non-autoregressive and autoregressive models in terms of audio quality. We find that it can generate high fidelity audio samples using as few as six iterations. Experiments reveal WaveGrad to generate high fidelity audio, outperforming adversarial non-autoregressive baselines and matching a strong likelihood-based autoregressive baseline using fewer sequential operations. Audio samples are available at https://wavegrad.github.io/.

Key facts. Cited by 620 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). First posted on arXiv 2 Sep 2020.

Builds on

No reference list yet.

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2020: 3; 2021: 66; 2022: 114; 2023: 179; 2024: 142; 2025: 87; 2026: 29.

620 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2021High-Resolution Image Synthesis with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 18,694
  2. 2020Denoising Diffusion Implicit Modelscited by 9,655
  3. 2021Diffusion Models Beat GANs on Image Synthesiscited by 8,185
  4. 2022Classifier-Free Diffusion Guidancecited by 5,717
  5. 2021Improved Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 3,736
  6. 2022DreamFusion: Text-to-3D using 2D Diffusioncited by 3,006
  7. 2022Video Diffusion Modelscited by 2,280
  8. 2022DPM-Solver: A Fast ODE Solver for Diffusion Probabilistic Model Sampling in Around 10 Stepscited by 1,961
  9. 2023Consistency Modelscited by 1,778
  10. 2022Imagen Video: High Definition Video Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 1,765
  11. 2021Structured Denoising Diffusion Models in Discrete State-Spacescited by 1,665
  12. 2021Image Super-Resolution via Iterative Refinementcited by 1,506
38 more
  1. 2023Zero-1-to-3: Zero-shot One Image to 3D Objectcited by 1,483
  2. 2020DiffWave: A Versatile Diffusion Model for Audio Synthesiscited by 1,339
  3. 2021Palette: Image-to-Image Diffusion Modelscited by 1,296
  4. 2021Cascaded Diffusion Models for High Fidelity Image Generationcited by 1,155
  5. 2021Variational Diffusion Modelscited by 1,145
  6. 2022Diffusion Models: A Comprehensive Survey of Methods and Applicationscited by 1,107
  7. 2022Planning with Diffusion for Flexible Behavior Synthesiscited by 1,023
  8. 2022Diffusion-LM Improves Controllable Text Generationcited by 1,006
  9. 2023One-step Diffusion with Distribution Matching Distillationcited by 978
  10. 2022DPM-Solver++: Fast Solver for Guided Sampling of Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 924
  11. 2022Pseudo Numerical Methods for Diffusion Models on Manifoldscited by 695
  12. 2021Maximum Likelihood Training of Score-Based Diffusion Modelscited by 670
  13. 2021Score-based Generative Modeling in Latent Spacecited by 634
  14. 2021ILVR: Conditioning Method for Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 634
  15. 2022Compositional Visual Generation with Composable Diffusion Modelscited by 619
  16. 2022AudioLM: a Language Modeling Approach to Audio Generationcited by 611
  17. 2024Simplified and Generalized Masked Diffusion for Discrete Datacited by 606
  18. 2021Diffusion Schr"odinger Bridge with Applications to Score-Based Generative Modelingcited by 594
  19. 2023AudioLDM: Text-to-Audio Generation with Latent Diffusion Modelscited by 592
  20. 2021CSDI: Conditional Score-based Diffusion Models for Probabilistic Time Series Imputationcited by 577
  21. 2022LION: Latent Point Diffusion Models for 3D Shape Generationcited by 552
  22. 2022All are Worth Words: A ViT Backbone for Diffusion Modelscited by 498
  23. 2021Diffusion Autoencoders: Toward a Meaningful and Decodable Representationcited by 447
  24. 2021Grad-TTS: A Diffusion Probabilistic Model for Text-to-Speechcited by 445
  25. 2023UniPC: A Unified Predictor-Corrector Framework for Fast Sampling of Diffusion Modelscited by 441
  26. 2022DiffuSeq: Sequence to Sequence Text Generation with Diffusion Modelscited by 439
  27. 2021SRDiff: Single Image Super-Resolution with Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 415
  28. 2023Simple diffusion: End-to-end diffusion for high resolution imagescited by 413
  29. 2022TabDDPM: Modelling Tabular Data with Diffusion Modelscited by 373
  30. 2023ResShift: Efficient Diffusion Model for Image Super-resolution by Residual Shiftingcited by 360
  31. 2023DeepCache: Accelerating Diffusion Models for Freecited by 346
  32. 2023AudioLDM 2: Learning Holistic Audio Generation with Self-supervised Pretrainingcited by 343
  33. 2021Autoregressive Denoising Diffusion Models for Multivariate Probabilistic Time Series Forecastingcited by 332
  34. 2022Analytic-DPM: an Analytic Estimate of the Optimal Reverse Variance in Diffusion Probabilistic Modelscited by 331
  35. 2023Synthetic Data from Diffusion Models Improves ImageNet Classificationcited by 326
  36. 2021Come-Closer-Diffuse-Faster: Accelerating Conditional Diffusion Models for Inverse Problems through Stochastic Contractioncited by 306
  37. 2022Novel View Synthesis with Diffusion Modelscited by 299
  38. 2023Understanding Diffusion Objectives as the ELBO with Simple Data Augmentationcited by 293

50 most cited of 620 All 620 (JSON)

Similar, not cited

Close in wording, no citation either way

  1. 2025Audio Generation Through Score-Based Generative Modeling: Design Principles and Implementation
  2. 2025LatentVoiceGrad: Nonparallel Voice Conversion with Latent Diffusion/Flow-Matching Models
  3. 2026FastWave: Optimized Diffusion Model for Audio Super-Resolution
  4. 2026Fast Text-to-Audio Generation with One-Step Sampling via Energy-Scoring and Auxiliary Contextual Representation Distillation ↗
  5. 2025WaveFM: A High-Fidelity and Efficient Vocoder Based on Flow Matching
  6. 2023EDMSound: Spectrogram Based Diffusion Models for Efficient and High-Quality Audio Synthesis
  7. 2023Controllable Music Production with Diffusion Models and Guidance Gradients
  8. 2024PTQ4ADM: Post-Training Quantization for Efficient Text Conditional Audio Diffusion Models