Large Language Models are Pretty Good Zero-Shot Video Game Bug Detectors
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Abstract (arXiv)
Video game testing requires game-specific knowledge as well as common sense reasoning about the events in the game. While AI-driven agents can satisfy the first requirement, it is not yet possible to meet the second requirement automatically. Therefore, video game testing often still relies on manual testing, and human testers are required to play the game thoroughly to detect bugs. As a result, it is challenging to fully automate game testing. In this study, we explore the possibility of leveraging the zero-shot capabilities of large language models for video game bug detection. By formulating the bug detection problem as a question-answering task, we show that large language models can identify which event is buggy in a sequence of textual descriptions of events from a game. To this end, we introduce the GameBugDescriptions benchmark dataset, which consists of 167 buggy gameplay videos and a total of 334 question-answer pairs across 8 games. We extensively evaluate the performance of six models across the OPT and InstructGPT large language model families on our benchmark dataset. Our results show promising results for employing language models to detect video game bugs. With the proper prompting technique, we could achieve an accuracy of 70.66%, and on some video games, up to 78.94%. Our code, evaluation data and the benchmark can be found on https://asgaardlab.github.io/LLMxBugs
Key facts. Cited by 14 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 39 of its 54 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 5 Oct 2022.
Builds on
39 of 54 references.
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Citing papers per year: 2024: 7; 2025: 4; 2026: 3.
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- 2024Large Language Models and Video Games: A Preliminary Scoping Reviewcited by 23
- 2024A Survey on Game Playing Agents and Large Models: Methods, Applications, and Challengescited by 22
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- 2025VideoGameQA-Bench: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Video Game Quality Assurancecited by 11
- 2024ING-VP: MLLMs cannot Play Easy Vision-based Games Yetcited by 10
- 2024Level Up Your Tutorials: VLMs for Game Tutorials Quality Assessmentcited by 3
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- 2025Knowledge Graph-enhanced Large Language Model for Incremental Game PlayTestingcited by 1
- 2026TempGlitch: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Temporal Glitch Detection in Gameplay Videos20 May 2026
- 2026Open-Ended Video Game Glitch Detection with Agentic Reasoning and Temporal Grounding9 Apr 2026
- 2026Order from Chaos: Physical World Understanding from Glitchy Gameplay Videos23 Jan 2026
- 2025Synergizing Code Coverage and Gameplay Intent: Coverage-Aware Game Playtesting with LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learning14 Dec 2025
- 2025Knowledge Graph-enhanced Large Language Model for Incremental Game PlayTesting4 Nov 2025
- 2025InPhyRe Discovers: Large Multimodal Models Struggle in Inductive Physical Reasoning12 Sep 2025
- 2025VideoGameQA-Bench: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Video Game Quality Assurance21 May 2025
- 2024PhysGame: Uncovering Physical Commonsense Violations in Gameplay Videos2 Dec 2024
- 2024ING-VP: MLLMs cannot Play Easy Vision-based Games Yet9 Oct 2024
- 2024Level Up Your Tutorials: VLMs for Game Tutorials Quality Assessment15 Aug 2024
- 2024VideoGameBunny: Towards vision assistants for video games21 Jul 2024
- 2024Generative transformations and patterns in LLM-native approaches for software verification and falsification14 Apr 2024
- 2024VideoGameBunny: Towards vision assistants for video gamescited by 11
- 2025VideoGameQA-Bench: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Video Game Quality Assurancecited by 11
- 2024ING-VP: MLLMs cannot Play Easy Vision-based Games Yetcited by 10
- 2025InPhyRe Discovers: Large Multimodal Models Struggle in Inductive Physical Reasoningcited by 2
- 2026TempGlitch: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Temporal Glitch Detection in Gameplay Videoscited by 0
- 2026TempGlitch: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Temporal Glitch Detection in Gameplay Videos20 May 2026
- 2025InPhyRe Discovers: Large Multimodal Models Struggle in Inductive Physical Reasoning12 Sep 2025
- 2025VideoGameQA-Bench: Evaluating Vision-Language Models for Video Game Quality Assurance21 May 2025
- 2024ING-VP: MLLMs cannot Play Easy Vision-based Games Yet9 Oct 2024
- 2024VideoGameBunny: Towards vision assistants for video games21 Jul 2024
- 2024Large Language Models and Video Games: A Preliminary Scoping Reviewcited by 23
- 2024A Survey on Game Playing Agents and Large Models: Methods, Applications, and Challengescited by 22
- 2024PhysGame: Uncovering Physical Commonsense Violations in Gameplay Videoscited by 21
- 2024Level Up Your Tutorials: VLMs for Game Tutorials Quality Assessmentcited by 3
- 2024Generative transformations and patterns in LLM-native approaches for software verification and falsificationcited by 2
- 2025Synergizing Code Coverage and Gameplay Intent: Coverage-Aware Game Playtesting with LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learningcited by 2
- 2025Knowledge Graph-enhanced Large Language Model for Incremental Game PlayTestingcited by 1
- 2026Order from Chaos: Physical World Understanding from Glitchy Gameplay Videoscited by 1
- 2026Order from Chaos: Physical World Understanding from Glitchy Gameplay Videos23 Jan 2026
- 2025Synergizing Code Coverage and Gameplay Intent: Coverage-Aware Game Playtesting with LLM-Guided Reinforcement Learning14 Dec 2025
- 2025Knowledge Graph-enhanced Large Language Model for Incremental Game PlayTesting4 Nov 2025
- 2024PhysGame: Uncovering Physical Commonsense Violations in Gameplay Videos2 Dec 2024
- 2024Level Up Your Tutorials: VLMs for Game Tutorials Quality Assessment15 Aug 2024
- 2024Generative transformations and patterns in LLM-native approaches for software verification and falsification14 Apr 2024
- 2024A Survey on Game Playing Agents and Large Models: Methods, Applications, and Challenges15 Mar 2024
- 2024Large Language Models and Video Games: A Preliminary Scoping Review5 Mar 2024