Learning Pedestrian Group Representations for Multi-modal Trajectory Prediction
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Abstract (arXiv)
Modeling the dynamics of people walking is a problem of long-standing interest in computer vision. Many previous works involving pedestrian trajectory prediction define a particular set of individual actions to implicitly model group actions. In this paper, we present a novel architecture named GP-Graph which has collective group representations for effective pedestrian trajectory prediction in crowded environments, and is compatible with all types of existing approaches. A key idea of GP-Graph is to model both individual-wise and group-wise relations as graph representations. To do this, GP-Graph first learns to assign each pedestrian into the most likely behavior group. Using this assignment information, GP-Graph then forms both intra- and inter-group interactions as graphs, accounting for human-human relations within a group and group-group relations, respectively. To be specific, for the intra-group interaction, we mask pedestrian graph edges out of an associated group. We also propose group pooling&unpooling operations to represent a group with multiple pedestrians as one graph node. Lastly, GP-Graph infers a probability map for socially-acceptable future trajectories from the integrated features of both group interactions. Moreover, we introduce a group-level latent vector sampling to ensure collective inferences over a set of possible future trajectories. Extensive experiments are conducted to validate the effectiveness of our architecture, which demonstrates consistent performance improvements with publicly available benchmarks. Code is publicly available at https://github.com/inhwanbae/GPGraph.
Key facts. Cited by 44 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 44 of its 79 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 20 Jul 2022.
Builds on
44 of 79 references.
References · 44
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- 2022Stochastic Trajectory Prediction via Motion Indeterminacy Diffusioncited by 184
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- 2022Adaptive Trajectory Prediction via Transferable GNNcited by 51
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Citing papers per year: 2022: 2; 2023: 7; 2024: 16; 2025: 12; 2026: 7.
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- 2023EqMotion: Equivariant Multi-agent Motion Prediction with Invariant Interaction Reasoningcited by 97
- 2023Uncovering the Missing Pattern: Unified Framework Towards Trajectory Imputation and Predictioncited by 47
- 2023EigenTrajectory: Low-Rank Descriptors for Multi-Modal Trajectory Forecastingcited by 41
- 2024SingularTrajectory: Universal Trajectory Predictor Using Diffusion Modelcited by 35
- 2024Can Language Beat Numerical Regression? Language-Based Multimodal Trajectory Predictioncited by 31
- 2022GATraj: A Graph- and Attention-based Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction Modelcited by 25
- 2024LG-Traj: LLM Guided Pedestrian Trajectory Predictioncited by 24
- 2024Delving into Multi-modal Multi-task Foundation Models for Road Scene Understanding: From Learning Paradigm Perspectivescited by 22
- 2024Adapting to Length Shift: FlexiLength Network for Trajectory Predictioncited by 22
- 2024MART: MultiscAle Relational Transformer Networks for Multi-agent Trajectory Predictioncited by 21
- 2024Sports-Traj: A Unified Trajectory Generation Model for Multi-Agent Movement in Sportscited by 19
- 2023Unsupervised Sampling Promoting for Stochastic Human Trajectory Predictioncited by 17
32 more
- 2025Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving: Progress, Limitations, and Future Directionscited by 14
- 2025Unified Spatial-Temporal Edge-Enhanced Graph Networks for Pedestrian Trajectory Predictioncited by 13
- 2024Intention-aware Denoising Diffusion Model for Trajectory Predictioncited by 11
- 2024Curb Your Attention: Causal Attention Gating for Robust Trajectory Prediction in Autonomous Drivingcited by 9
- 2025BP-SGCN: Behavioral Pseudo-Label Informed Sparse Graph Convolution Network for Pedestrian and Heterogeneous Trajectory Predictioncited by 9
- 2024Recurrent Aligned Network for Generalized Pedestrian Trajectory Predictioncited by 8
- 2024Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction with Missing Data: Datasets, Imputation, and Benchmarkingcited by 8
- 2025Continuous Locomotive Crowd Behavior Generationcited by 7
- 2025Generative Active Learning for Long-tail Trajectory Prediction via Controllable Diffusion Modelcited by 6
- 2023DESTINE: Dynamic Goal Queries with Temporal Transductive Alignment for Trajectory Predictioncited by 5
- 2023Sparse Pedestrian Character Learning for Trajectory Predictioncited by 3
- 2024Who Walks With You Matters: Perceiving Social Interactions with Groups for Pedestrian Trajectory Predictioncited by 3
- 2025OmniTraj: Pre-Training on Heterogeneous Data for Adaptive and Zero-Shot Human Trajectory Predictioncited by 3
- 2025Dynamic Group Detection using VLM-augmented Temporal Groupness Graphcited by 3
- 2025Large Foundation Models for Trajectory Prediction in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Surveycited by 3
- 2024MetaTra: Meta-Learning for Generalized Trajectory Prediction in Unseen Domaincited by 2
- 2024CCF: Cross Correcting Framework for Pedestrian Trajectory Predictioncited by 2
- 2024RealTraj: Towards Real-World Pedestrian Trajectory Forecastingcited by 2
- 2025PASTA: Part-Aware Sketch-to-3D Shape Generation with Text-Aligned Priorcited by 2
- 2025Recent Advances in Multi-Agent Human Trajectory Prediction: A Comprehensive Reviewcited by 2
- 2022Learning a Pedestrian Social Behavior Dictionarycited by 1
- 2025VISTA: A Vision and Intent-Aware Social Attention Framework for Multi-Agent Trajectory Predictioncited by 1
- 2026AGMA: Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Anchors for Prior-Guided Multimodal Human Trajectory Forecastingcited by 1
- 2023Learning Socio-Temporal Graphs for Multi-Agent Trajectory Predictioncited by 0
- 2024SITUATE: Indoor Human Trajectory Prediction through Geometric Features and Self-Supervised Vision Representationcited by 0
- 2025Part-Aware Bottom-Up Group Reasoning for Fine-Grained Social Interaction Detectioncited by 0
- 2026SIGMAS: Second-Order Interaction-based Grouping for Overlapping Multi-Agent Swarmscited by 0
- 2026SimpliHuMoN: Simplifying Human Motion Predictioncited by 0
- 2026EgoGroups: A Benchmark For Detecting Social Groups of People in the Wildcited by 0
- 2026JACoP: Joint Alignment for Compliant Multi-Agent Predictioncited by 0
- 2026Encore: Conditioning Trajectory Forecasting via Biased Ego Rehearsalscited by 0
- 2026Agent-Centric Social Trajectory Prediction: A Free Energy Principle Perspectivecited by 0
- 2026Agent-Centric Social Trajectory Prediction: A Free Energy Principle Perspective25 May 2026
- 2026Encore: Conditioning Trajectory Forecasting via Biased Ego Rehearsals12 May 2026
- 2026JACoP: Joint Alignment for Compliant Multi-Agent Prediction12 May 2026
- 2026EgoGroups: A Benchmark For Detecting Social Groups of People in the Wild23 Mar 2026
- 2026SimpliHuMoN: Simplifying Human Motion Prediction4 Mar 2026
- 2026SIGMAS: Second-Order Interaction-based Grouping for Overlapping Multi-Agent Swarms23 Feb 2026
- 2026AGMA: Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Anchors for Prior-Guided Multimodal Human Trajectory Forecasting4 Feb 2026
- 2025VISTA: A Vision and Intent-Aware Social Attention Framework for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction13 Nov 2025
- 2025Part-Aware Bottom-Up Group Reasoning for Fine-Grained Social Interaction Detection5 Nov 2025
- 2025Large Foundation Models for Trajectory Prediction in Autonomous Driving: A Comprehensive Survey11 Sep 2025
- 2025Dynamic Group Detection using VLM-augmented Temporal Groupness Graph5 Sep 2025
- 2025OmniTraj: Pre-Training on Heterogeneous Data for Adaptive and Zero-Shot Human Trajectory Prediction31 Jul 2025
32 more
- 2025Generative Active Learning for Long-tail Trajectory Prediction via Controllable Diffusion Model30 Jul 2025
- 2025Recent Advances in Multi-Agent Human Trajectory Prediction: A Comprehensive Review13 Jun 2025
- 2025Continuous Locomotive Crowd Behavior Generation7 Apr 2025
- 2025PASTA: Part-Aware Sketch-to-3D Shape Generation with Text-Aligned Prior17 Mar 2025
- 2025Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving: Progress, Limitations, and Future Directions5 Mar 2025
- 2025BP-SGCN: Behavioral Pseudo-Label Informed Sparse Graph Convolution Network for Pedestrian and Heterogeneous Trajectory Prediction20 Feb 2025
- 2025Unified Spatial-Temporal Edge-Enhanced Graph Networks for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction4 Feb 2025
- 2024Who Walks With You Matters: Perceiving Social Interactions with Groups for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction3 Dec 2024
- 2024RealTraj: Towards Real-World Pedestrian Trajectory Forecasting26 Nov 2024
- 2024Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction with Missing Data: Datasets, Imputation, and Benchmarking31 Oct 2024
- 2024Curb Your Attention: Causal Attention Gating for Robust Trajectory Prediction in Autonomous Driving23 Sep 2024
- 2024SITUATE: Indoor Human Trajectory Prediction through Geometric Features and Self-Supervised Vision Representation1 Sep 2024
- 2024MART: MultiscAle Relational Transformer Networks for Multi-agent Trajectory Prediction31 Jul 2024
- 2024CCF: Cross Correcting Framework for Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction2 Jun 2024
- 2024Sports-Traj: A Unified Trajectory Generation Model for Multi-Agent Movement in Sports27 May 2024
- 2024Adapting to Length Shift: FlexiLength Network for Trajectory Prediction31 Mar 2024
- 2024SingularTrajectory: Universal Trajectory Predictor Using Diffusion Model27 Mar 2024
- 2024Can Language Beat Numerical Regression? Language-Based Multimodal Trajectory Prediction27 Mar 2024
- 2024Intention-aware Denoising Diffusion Model for Trajectory Prediction14 Mar 2024
- 2024LG-Traj: LLM Guided Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction12 Mar 2024
- 2024Recurrent Aligned Network for Generalized Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction9 Mar 2024
- 2024MetaTra: Meta-Learning for Generalized Trajectory Prediction in Unseen Domain13 Feb 2024
- 2024Delving into Multi-modal Multi-task Foundation Models for Road Scene Understanding: From Learning Paradigm Perspectives5 Feb 2024
- 2023Learning Socio-Temporal Graphs for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction22 Dec 2023
- 2023Sparse Pedestrian Character Learning for Trajectory Prediction27 Nov 2023
- 2023DESTINE: Dynamic Goal Queries with Temporal Transductive Alignment for Trajectory Prediction11 Oct 2023
- 2023EigenTrajectory: Low-Rank Descriptors for Multi-Modal Trajectory Forecasting18 Jul 2023
- 2023Unsupervised Sampling Promoting for Stochastic Human Trajectory Prediction9 Apr 2023
- 2023Uncovering the Missing Pattern: Unified Framework Towards Trajectory Imputation and Prediction28 Mar 2023
- 2023EqMotion: Equivariant Multi-agent Motion Prediction with Invariant Interaction Reasoning20 Mar 2023
- 2022Learning a Pedestrian Social Behavior Dictionary2 Dec 2022
- 2022GATraj: A Graph- and Attention-based Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction Model16 Sep 2022
- 2023EqMotion: Equivariant Multi-agent Motion Prediction with Invariant Interaction Reasoningcited by 97
- 2023Uncovering the Missing Pattern: Unified Framework Towards Trajectory Imputation and Predictioncited by 47
- 2023EigenTrajectory: Low-Rank Descriptors for Multi-Modal Trajectory Forecastingcited by 41
- 2024Can Language Beat Numerical Regression? Language-Based Multimodal Trajectory Predictioncited by 31
- 2022GATraj: A Graph- and Attention-based Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction Modelcited by 25
- 2024LG-Traj: LLM Guided Pedestrian Trajectory Predictioncited by 24
- 2024Delving into Multi-modal Multi-task Foundation Models for Road Scene Understanding: From Learning Paradigm Perspectivescited by 22
- 2024Adapting to Length Shift: FlexiLength Network for Trajectory Predictioncited by 22
- 2024MART: MultiscAle Relational Transformer Networks for Multi-agent Trajectory Predictioncited by 21
- 2023Unsupervised Sampling Promoting for Stochastic Human Trajectory Predictioncited by 17
- 2025Trajectory Prediction for Autonomous Driving: Progress, Limitations, and Future Directionscited by 14
- 2025Unified Spatial-Temporal Edge-Enhanced Graph Networks for Pedestrian Trajectory Predictioncited by 13
12 most cited of 39 All 39 (JSON)
- 2026Agent-Centric Social Trajectory Prediction: A Free Energy Principle Perspective25 May 2026
- 2026Encore: Conditioning Trajectory Forecasting via Biased Ego Rehearsals12 May 2026
- 2026JACoP: Joint Alignment for Compliant Multi-Agent Prediction12 May 2026
- 2026EgoGroups: A Benchmark For Detecting Social Groups of People in the Wild23 Mar 2026
- 2026SimpliHuMoN: Simplifying Human Motion Prediction4 Mar 2026
- 2026SIGMAS: Second-Order Interaction-based Grouping for Overlapping Multi-Agent Swarms23 Feb 2026
- 2026AGMA: Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Anchors for Prior-Guided Multimodal Human Trajectory Forecasting4 Feb 2026
- 2025VISTA: A Vision and Intent-Aware Social Attention Framework for Multi-Agent Trajectory Prediction13 Nov 2025
- 2025Part-Aware Bottom-Up Group Reasoning for Fine-Grained Social Interaction Detection5 Nov 2025
- 2025Dynamic Group Detection using VLM-augmented Temporal Groupness Graph5 Sep 2025
- 2025OmniTraj: Pre-Training on Heterogeneous Data for Adaptive and Zero-Shot Human Trajectory Prediction31 Jul 2025
- 2025Recent Advances in Multi-Agent Human Trajectory Prediction: A Comprehensive Review13 Jun 2025
12 newest of 39 All 39 (JSON)