mlsanityData to 7 Oct 2026

Localizing Visual Sounds the Easy Way

arXiv 2203.09324 ↗First posted 17 Mar 2022cs.CV cs.LG cs.MMcited by 81

Not on the map. Why?

Abstract (arXiv)

Unsupervised audio-visual source localization aims at localizing visible sound sources in a video without relying on ground-truth localization for training. Previous works often seek high audio-visual similarities for likely positive (sounding) regions and low similarities for likely negative regions. However, accurately distinguishing between sounding and non-sounding regions is challenging without manual annotations. In this work, we propose a simple yet effective approach for Easy Visual Sound Localization, namely EZ-VSL, without relying on the construction of positive and/or negative regions during training. Instead, we align audio and visual spaces by seeking audio-visual representations that are aligned in, at least, one location of the associated image, while not matching other images, at any location. We also introduce a novel object guided localization scheme at inference time for improved precision. Our simple and effective framework achieves state-of-the-art performance on two popular benchmarks, Flickr SoundNet and VGG-Sound Source. In particular, we improve the CIoU of the Flickr SoundNet test set from 76.80% to 83.94%, and on the VGG-Sound Source dataset from 34.60% to 38.85%. The code is available at https://github.com/stoneMo/EZ-VSL.

Key facts. Cited by 81 papers in the map (data through 7 Oct 2026). Builds on 30 of its 36 references that are in the map. First posted on arXiv 17 Mar 2022.

Builds on

30 of 36 references.

References · 30

  1. 2015Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognitioncited by 51,809
  2. 2014Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimizationcited by 36,960
  3. 2018Attention-based Deep Multiple Instance Learningcited by 1,077
  4. 2020VGGSound: A Large-scale Audio-Visual Datasetcited by 641
  5. 2017Look, Listen and Learncited by 452
  6. 2018Audio-Visual Scene Analysis with Self-Supervised Multisensory Featurescited by 335
  7. 2018The Sound of Pixelscited by 258
  8. 2018Cooperative Learning of Audio and Video Models from Self-Supervised Synchronizationcited by 246
  9. 2016SoundNet: Learning Sound Representations from Unlabeled Videocited by 244
  10. 2016Lip Reading Sentences in the Wildcited by 226
  11. 2020Audio-Visual Instance Discrimination with Cross-Modal Agreementcited by 192
  12. 2018Learning to Localize Sound Source in Visual Scenescited by 188
18 more
  1. 2020Self-Supervised Learning of Audio-Visual Objects from Videocited by 186
  2. 2021Localizing Visual Sounds the Hard Waycited by 169
  3. 2020Unified Multisensory Perception: Weakly-Supervised Audio-Visual Video Parsingcited by 146
  4. 2019The Sound of Motionscited by 145
  5. 2017UntrimmedNets for Weakly Supervised Action Recognition and Detectioncited by 129
  6. 2020Multiple Sound Sources Localization from Coarse to Finecited by 118
  7. 2018Learning to Separate Object Sounds by Watching Unlabeled Videocited by 114
  8. 2020Music Gesture for Visual Sound Separationcited by 112
  9. 2019Co-Separating Sounds of Visual Objectscited by 110
  10. 2020Learning Representations from Audio-Visual Spatial Alignmentcited by 95
  11. 2018Self-Supervised Generation of Spatial Audio for 360 Videocited by 93
  12. 2021Robust Audio-Visual Instance Discriminationcited by 80
  13. 2016Ambient Sound Provides Supervision for Visual Learningcited by 77
  14. 20182.5D Visual Soundcited by 63
  15. 2019Self-supervised Moving Vehicle Tracking with Stereo Soundcited by 63
  16. 2019Self-Supervised Audio-Visual Co-Segmentationcited by 44
  17. 2022Learning Sound Localization Better From Semantically Similar Samplescited by 32
  18. 2018Deep Lip Reading: a comparison of models and an online applicationcited by 26

Built on by

Cited by year (2026 to 7 Oct)

Citing papers per year: 2022: 5; 2023: 25; 2024: 24; 2025: 19; 2026: 8.

81 papers.

Sort:

By area:

  1. 2023Self-Supervised Video Forensics by Audio-Visual Anomaly Detectioncited by 84
  2. 2022A Closer Look at Weakly-Supervised Audio-Visual Source Localizationcited by 72
  3. 2022Vision Transformers are Parameter-Efficient Audio-Visual Learnerscited by 72
  4. 2023A Comprehensive Survey on Segment Anything Model for Vision and Beyondcited by 64
  5. 2023Audio-Visual Grouping Network for Sound Localization from Mixturescited by 52
  6. 2023AV-SAM: Segment Anything Model Meets Audio-Visual Localization and Segmentationcited by 52
  7. 2023AV-NeRF: Learning Neural Fields for Real-World Audio-Visual Scene Synthesiscited by 49
  8. 2023Learning Audio-Visual Source Localization via False Negative Aware Contrastive Learningcited by 46
  9. 2023Egocentric Audio-Visual Object Localizationcited by 40
  10. 2023Connecting Multi-modal Contrastive Representationscited by 36
  11. 2023Prompting Segmentation with Sound Is Generalizable Audio-Visual Source Localizercited by 35
  12. 2023Unraveling Instance Associations: A Closer Look for Audio-Visual Segmentationcited by 33
38 more
  1. 2023Audio-Visual Class-Incremental Learningcited by 33
  2. 2023Audio-Visual Segmentation by Exploring Cross-Modal Mutual Semanticscited by 32
  3. 2023BAVS: Bootstrapping Audio-Visual Segmentation by Integrating Foundation Knowledgecited by 30
  4. 2023Sound Source Localization is All about Cross-Modal Alignmentcited by 30
  5. 2024Text-to-Audio Generation Synchronized with Videoscited by 28
  6. 2024Meerkat: Audio-Visual Large Language Model for Grounding in Space and Timecited by 26
  7. 2024Towards Open-Vocabulary Audio-Visual Event Localizationcited by 26
  8. 2023Unveiling the Power of Audio-Visual Early Fusion Transformers with Dense Interactions through Masked Modelingcited by 24
  9. 2023Class-Incremental Grouping Network for Continual Audio-Visual Learningcited by 22
  10. 2023A Unified Audio-Visual Learning Framework for Localization, Separation, and Recognitioncited by 21
  11. 2023DiffAVA: Personalized Text-to-Audio Generation with Visual Alignmentcited by 19
  12. 2023QDFormer: Towards Robust Audiovisual Segmentation in Complex Environments with Quantization-based Semantic Decompositioncited by 19
  13. 2023Weakly-Supervised Audio-Visual Segmentationcited by 19
  14. 2024T-VSL: Text-Guided Visual Sound Source Localization in Mixturescited by 19
  15. 2023Sound Localization from Motion: Jointly Learning Sound Direction and Camera Rotationcited by 18
  16. 2023Egocentric Auditory Attention Localization in Conversationscited by 18
  17. 2024Images that Sound: Composing Images and Sounds on a Single Canvascited by 17
  18. 2025Seeing Sound, Hearing Sight: Uncovering Modality Bias and Conflict of AI models in Sound Localizationcited by 17
  19. 2022MarginNCE: Robust Sound Localization with a Negative Margincited by 16
  20. 2025Crab: A Unified Audio-Visual Scene Understanding Model with Explicit Cooperationcited by 16
  21. 2024Learning to Visually Localize Sound Sources from Mixtures without Prior Source Knowledgecited by 14
  22. 2023Can CLIP Help Sound Source Localization?cited by 13
  23. 2024Modeling and Driving Human Body Soundfields through Acoustic Primitivescited by 12
  24. 2024MA-AVT: Modality Alignment for Parameter-Efficient Audio-Visual Transformerscited by 11
  25. 2024CPM: Class-conditional Prompting Machine for Audio-visual Segmentationcited by 11
  26. 2024Dual Mean-Teacher: An Unbiased Semi-Supervised Framework for Audio-Visual Source Localizationcited by 10
  27. 2024MDSGen: Fast and Efficient Masked Diffusion Temporal-Aware Transformers for Open-Domain Sound Generationcited by 9
  28. 2023Learning Spatial Features from Audio-Visual Correspondence in Egocentric Videoscited by 8
  29. 2024Aligning Sight and Sound: Advanced Sound Source Localization Through Audio-Visual Alignmentcited by 8
  30. 2025VGGSounder: Audio-Visual Evaluations for Foundation Modelscited by 8
  31. 2024Unsupervised Audio-Visual Segmentation with Modality Alignmentcited by 7
  32. 2025DiffGAP: A Lightweight Diffusion Module in Contrastive Space for Bridging Cross-Model Gapcited by 7
  33. 2025Robust Audio-Visual Segmentation via Audio-Guided Visual Convergent Alignmentcited by 7
  34. 2023Sounding Bodies: Modeling 3D Spatial Sound of Humans Using Body Pose and Audiocited by 6
  35. 2024Semantic Grouping Network for Audio Source Separationcited by 5
  36. 2025Learning to Highlight Audio by Watching Moviescited by 5
  37. 2025Revisiting Audio-Visual Segmentation with Vision-Centric Transformercited by 5
  38. 2024A Critical Assessment of Visual Sound Source Localization Models Including Negative Audiocited by 4

50 most cited of 81 All 81 (JSON)